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金属学报  2020, Vol. 56 Issue (2): 249-256    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00203
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
金属Nb级联碰撞的分子动力学模拟
马小强1,2,杨坤杰3,徐喻琼1,2(),杜晓超1,2,周建军1,2,肖仁政1,2
1. 三峡大学机械与动力学院 宜昌 443002
2. 三峡大学水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室 宜昌 443002
3. 烟台大学核装备与核工程学院 烟台 264005
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of DisplacementCascades in Nb
MA Xiaoqiang1,2,YANG Kunjie3,XU Yuqiong1,2(),DU Xiaochao1,2,ZHOU Jianjun1,2,XIAO Renzheng1,2
1. College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
3. College of Nuclear Equipment and Nuclear Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
引用本文:

马小强,杨坤杰,徐喻琼,杜晓超,周建军,肖仁政. 金属Nb级联碰撞的分子动力学模拟[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(2): 249-256.
Xiaoqiang MA, Kunjie YANG, Yuqiong XU, Xiaochao DU, Jianjun ZHOU, Renzheng XIAO. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of DisplacementCascades in Nb[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(2): 249-256.

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摘要: 

运用分子动力学方法研究了bcc结构Nb在辐照损伤初期因辐照诱发位移损伤形成和演化的微观过程以及原子机制。选取初级离位原子(primary knock-on atom,PKA)能量5~50 keV,模拟温度300 K,研究了Nb中级联碰撞产生的缺陷数量及其分布随模拟时间的演化,PKA能量对稳定Frenkel缺陷数目的影响,缺陷团簇的分布等。研究结果显示,级联碰撞会在体系中产生辐照缺陷,Frenkel 缺陷对数目和不同的PKA能量区间(5~30 keV和30~50 keV)之间满足不同的幂函数关系,所形成的缺陷大多数以点缺陷的形式存在,空位团簇成团率17%~35%,间隙原子团簇成团率23%~40%,PKA能量越高,空位越容易形成较大的团簇;级联碰撞产生的间隙原子形成了大量的沿<110>方向的哑铃型结构;当PKA能量高于30 keV时,级联碰撞将产生1/2<111>间隙型位错环和<100>空位型位错环。

关键词 Nb分子动力学位移级联Frenkel缺陷缺陷团簇    
Abstract

Refractory metal Nb and its alloys are considered as promising materials in fusion reactor, where they are required to withstand a high neutron irradiation, because their excellent high temperature properties such as high temperature strength, good thermal conductivity and compatibility with most liquid metal coolants. The defects are created in atomic displacement cascade from the primary state of damage and subsequent evolution gives rise to important change in their microstructures and engineering properties. However, the evolution and aggregation of induced radiation defects in atomic level cannot be observed by experiment so far. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) method is used to explore the microstructural formation and evolution of defects from the atomic displacement cascades in bcc-Nb. In the simulation, the energy range of primary knock-on atom (PKA) is chosen 5~50 keV and the simulation temperature 300 K. It is observed that the most of defects in bcc Nb are point defects at different PKA energies. The vacancy cluster rate varies from 17% to 35% and self-interstitial cluster rate varies from 23% to 40%. As the PKA energy increasing, vacancies usually tend to form larger clusters. The self-interstitial atoms form a dumbbell structure along the direction <110>. The 1/2<111> intermittent dislocation loop and <100> vacancy dislocation loop are produced when the PKA energy greater than 30 keV. The quantitative relationship between energy of PKA (EPKA) and number of survivals Frenkel pairs (NFP) is fitted by a power function with different parameters at low-energies (5~30 keV) and the high-energies (30~50 keV).

Key wordsNb    molecular dynamics (MD)    displacement cascade    Frenkel pair    defect cluster
收稿日期: 2019-06-20     
ZTFLH:  TG132  
基金资助:三峡大学人才专项经费项目(2016KJX03);水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2019KJX08)
作者简介: 马小强,男,1976年生,讲师,博士
EPKA / keVCell sizeNumber of atomSimulation time / ps
520a×20a×20a1600020
1020a×20a×20a1600020
2030a×30a×30a5400025
3040a×40a×40a12800025
4060a×60a×60a43200030
5080a×80a×80a102400040
表1  不同PKA能量级联碰撞模拟盒子尺寸和原子数
图1  能量30 keV沿方向[235]的初级离位原子(PKA)产生的Frenkel缺陷对随时间的演化
图 2  能量30 keV、沿方向[235]运动的PKA级联碰撞过程产生的缺陷随时间演化过程可视化截图
图3  不同能量PKA级联碰撞过程中产生的缺陷数目随时间的演化
图4  存活Frenkel对数目和级联碰撞效率随PKA能量的变化
图 5  间隙原子和空位的成团率随EPKA的变化
图6  不同能量PKA间隙原子团簇和空位团簇的尺寸和数量分布
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