可时效强化<strong>Mg-Sn</strong>基合金的研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00049

金属学报

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (10): 1231-1242 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00049

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

可时效强化Mg-Sn基合金的研究进展

石章智^1,²(

),张敏³,黄雪飞⁴,刘雪峰^1,^2,⁵,张文征⁶

1. 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院北京100083
2. 北京科技大学现代交通金属材料与加工技术北京实验室北京100083
3. 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院北京 100044
4. 四川大学材料科学与工程学院成都 610065
5. 北京科技大学材料先进制备技术教育部重点实验室北京 100083
6. 清华大学材料科学与工程学院先进材料教育部重点实验室北京 100084

Research Progress in Age-Hardenable Mg-Sn Based Alloys

SHI Zhangzhi^1,²(

),ZHANG Min³,HUANG Xuefei⁴,LIU Xuefeng^1,^2,⁵,ZHANG Wenzheng⁶

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2. Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3. School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
4. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
5. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
6. Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

引用本文:

石章智, 张敏, 黄雪飞, 刘雪峰, 张文征. 可时效强化Mg-Sn基合金的研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(10): 1231-1242.
Zhangzhi SHI, Min ZHANG, Xuefei HUANG, Xuefeng LIU, Wenzheng ZHANG. Research Progress in Age-Hardenable Mg-Sn Based Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(10): 1231-1242.

全文: PDF(6682 KB) HTML

摘要:

Mg-Sn基合金是可时效强化镁合金，主要析出相是Mg₂Sn。Mg-Sn二元相图中富Mg端的共晶温度显著高于Mg-Al和Mg-Zn二元相图中富Mg端的共晶温度，与Mg-RE的相近，有望发展成为不含稀土的低成本耐热镁合金。本文系统总结了可时效强化Mg-Sn基合金的研究进展，澄清了该类合金组织研究中的基本问题，梳理了合金化的发展脉络，全面且深入地分析了Mg/Mg₂Sn固态相变系统的特征，并对Mg-Sn基合金未来的研究进行了展望。

关键词 ：镁合金, 时效强化, 合金设计, 固态相变

Abstract：

Mg-Sn based alloy system is a typical age-hardenable Mg alloy system with Mg₂Sn as the major precipitation phase. Eutectic temperature at Mg-rich end of Mg-Sn phase diagram is much higher than those of Mg-Al and Mg-Zn phase diagrams, which is comparable to that of Mg-RE phase diagram. So Mg-Sn based alloys are hopeful candidates of rare-earth free heat resistant Mg alloys with low cost. This paper systematically reviews research progress in age-hardenable Mg-Sn based alloys. The main second phase β-Mg₂Sn has a fcc structure with different lattice parameters reported, one of which the most frequently adopted is a_β≈0.676 nm, agreeing well with calculations of interfacial orientations. Twelve orientation relationships (ORs) between Mg₂Sn precipitates and Mg matrix have been identified. Those with similar morphologies, i.e., the same long axis direction or the same habit plane, are possibly related to different ORs. Addition of Zn benefits the appearance of β-Mg₂Sn precipitates inclined to the Mg basal plane, which are more effective to hinder dislocation movement on the basal plane and result in a greater strengthening effect. Effects of various alloying elements on age-hardening response and mechanical properties of Mg-Sn binary alloys have been summarized. Elements such as Zn, Al, Ag and Na can enhance age-hardening responses. Due to formation of highly thermal stable compounds with Sn, RE, Ca, Sr and Li exhibit negative effects. Consequently, alloy design of Mg-Sn based alloys faces more difficulties, requiring an in-depth investigation of phase transformation processes. Finally, future research directions have been specified.

Key words： Mg alloy age-hardenable alloy design solid-state phase transformation

收稿日期: 2019-02-25

ZTFLH:

TG146.22

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51601010)

作者简介: 石章智，男，1984年生，副教授，博士

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	石章智
	张敏
	黄雪飞
	刘雪峰
	张文征
44.8K

链接本文:

https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00049 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2019/V55/I10/1231

图1 Mg2Sn晶体结构示意图

No.	OR	Morphology
1	{110}_β//(0001)_α, <001>_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Basal lath, long axis //<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α^[24]
	<1 $1 ˉ$ 0>_β//< $1 ˉ$ 100>_α
2	{110}_β//{0001}_α, <1 $1 ˉ$ 1>_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Basal lath, long axis about 3.0°^[18] or
	<1 $1 ˉ$ $2 ˉ$ >_β//< $1 ˉ$ 100>_α	10.2°^[25] away from < $1 ˉ$ 100>_α
3	{111}_β//{0001}_α, <1 $1 ˉ$ 0>_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	(I) Basal faceted plate, side facets //{11 $2 ˉ$ }_β//{ $1 ˉ$ 100}_α;
	<11 $2 ˉ$ >_β//< $1 ˉ$ 100>_α	(II) Faceted particle, F1//{111}_β//(0001)_α,
		F2//{11 $3 ˉ$ }_β, F3//{115}_β^[23]; (III) Basal lath^[26]
4	{111}_β//{0001}_α, <11 $2 ˉ$ >_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	(I) Basal lath; (II) Faceted particle^[24]
	< $1 ˉ$ 10>_β//< $1 ˉ$ 100>_α
5	{111}_β//{0001}_α,	Basal faceted plate, side facets //
	<1 $1 ˉ$ 0>_β about -9.2° from < $2 ˉ$ 110>_α	{7.05, $7.45 ˉ$ , 0.40}_β//{ $3.16 ˉ$ , 2.16, 1, 0}_α^[27]
6	{110}_β//{0001}_α, <1 $1 ˉ$ 0>_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Basal lath, long axis //<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α^[28]
	<001>_β//<1 $1 ˉ$ 00>_α
7	{110}_β//{0001}_α, < $1 ˉ$ 12>_β//<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Basal lath, long axis //<11 $2 ˉ$ 0>_α^[28]
	< $1 ˉ$ 1 $1 ˉ$ >_β//<1 $1 ˉ$ 00>_α
8	<011>_β//<01 $1 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Inclined lath, when OR angle is 0.39°,
	{01 $1 ˉ$ }_β about 0.36°~1.20°	F1 (i.e., HP) //{011}_β//{01 $1 ˉ$ 0}_α,
	from {0001}_α OR angle of	F2//{1, 9.1, $9.1 ˉ$ }_β//{2, $1 ˉ$ , $1 ˉ$ , $38.3 ˉ$ }_α
	0.39° appears most frequently	(Major side facet, 4.7° from the basal plane)^[29]
9	<011>_β//<01 $1 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Inclined lath, long axis about 39° from the basal plane,
	{100}_β about -15.6° from {0001}_α	F1//{11 $1 ˉ$ }_β//{2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 4}_α,
	RM: g{11 $1 ˉ$ }_β//g{2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 4}_α,	F2//{3 $1 ˉ$ 1}_β//{ $2 ˉ$ 114}_α, F3//{100}_β//{ $2 ˉ$ , 1, 1, 12}_α,
	<011>_β//<01 $1 ˉ$ 0>_α	F4//{1 $3 ˉ$ 3}_β//{ $30 ˉ$ , 15, 15, $2 ˉ$ }_α^[17]
10	<0 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ >_β//<01 $1 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Inclined lath, long axis about 39° from the basal plane,
	{100}_β about 4.0° from { $2 ˉ$ 110}_α	F1//{ $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 1}_β//{2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 4}_α,
	RM, twin OR with respect to OR9	F2//{1 $1 ˉ$ 1}_β//{ $2 ˉ$ 115}_α, F3//{100}_β//{ $18 ˉ$ , 9, 9, 2}_α^[17]
11	<011>_β//<2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Inclined lath, long axis 79.6° from the basal plane,
	{1 $1 ˉ$ 1}_β about -15.4° from {0001}_α	F1//{53 $3 ˉ$ }_β//{0 $3 ˉ$ 31}_α,
	RM: g{53 $3 ˉ$ }_β//g{0 $3 ˉ$ 31}_α，	F2//{01 $1 ˉ$ }_β//{0 $2 ˉ$ 2 $3 ˉ$ }_α^[14,16]
	<011>_β//<2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 0>_α
12	<011>_β//<2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 0>_α,	Inclined faceted plate, F1//{51 $1 ˉ$ }_β//{01 $1 ˉ$ 4}_α,
	{11 $1 ˉ$ }_β about 13.7° from {0001}_α	which is 26.0° from the basal plane,
	RM: g{51 $1 ˉ$ }_β//g{01 $1 ˉ$ 4}_α，	F2 and F3 are 46.8° and 75.3° from the basal plane,
	<011>_β//<2 $1 ˉ$ $1 ˉ$ 0>_α	respectively^[14,16]

表1 Mg2Sn (β)析出相和Mg (α)的位向关系(OR)及其形貌[14,16,17,18,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]

图2 Mg/Mg2Sn固态相变系统中Δg平行法则和列匹配示例

图3 运用二次重位点阵模型解释多种镁合金中析出相的形貌和位向关系[24,27,34,35]

图4 OR11型Mg2Sn析出相的倒空间和正空间列匹配[16]

图5 合金化对Mg-Sn基合金力学性能的影响(图中数据来自文献[15,22,26,43,45~77])

表2 合金元素对Mg-Sn基合金时效强化的作用

[1]	Hu H, Yu A, Li N Y ,et al. Potential magnesium alloys for high temperature die cast automotive applications: A review [J]. Mater. Manuf. Processes, 2003, 18: 687
[2]	Witte F. The history of biodegradable magnesium implants: A review [J]. Acta Biomater., 2010, 6: 1680
[3]	Joost W J, Krajewski P E. Towards magnesium alloys for high-volume automotive applications [J]. Scr. Mater., 2017, 128: 107
[4]	Sezer N, Evis Z, Kayhan S M, et al. Review of magnesium-based biomaterials and their applications [J]. J. Magn. Alloys, 2018, 6: 23
[5]	Xu W Q, Birbilis N, Sha G, et al. A high-specific-strength and corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy [J]. Nat. Mater., 2015, 14: 1229
[6]	Pan F S, Yang M B, Chen X H. A review on casting magnesium alloys: Modification of commercial alloys and development of new alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2016, 32: 1211
[7]	Zhang J H, Liu S J, Wu R Z, et al. Recent developments in high-strength Mg-RE-based alloys: Focusing on Mg-Gd and Mg-Y systems [J]. J. Magn. Alloys, 2018, 6: 277
[8]	Hono K, Mendis C L, Sasaki T T, et al. Towards the development of heat-treatable high-strength wrought Mg alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2010, 63: 710
[9]	Jung I H, Zhu Z J, Kim J ,et al. Recent progress on the factsage thermodynamic database for new Mg alloy development [J]. JOM, 2017, 69: 1052
[10]	Nayeb-Hashemi A A, Clark J B. The Mg-Sn (magnesium-tin) system [J]. Bull. Alloy Phase Diag., 1984, 5: 466
[11]	Nie J F. Precipitation and hardening in magnesium alloys [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2012, 43A: 3891
[12]	Brauer G, Tiesler J. über dichte und gitterbau der verbindungen Mg2Pb, Mg2Sn und Mg2Ge [J]. Z.Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1950, 262: 319
[13]	Villars P, Calvert L D. Pearson’s Handbook Desk Edition: Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases [M]. Metals Park, OH: ASM International, 1997: 2347
[14]	Liu C Q, Chen H W, Nie J F. Interphase boundary segregation of Zn in Mg-Sn-Zn alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2016, 123: 5
[15]	Shi Z Z, Xu J Y, Yu J, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and as-hot-rolled novel Mg-xSn-2.5Zn-2Al alloys (x=2, 4 wt%) [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A712: 65
[16]	Shi Z Z, Sun Z P, Gu X F, et al. Row-matching in pyramidal Mg2Sn precipitates in Mg-Sn-Zn alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2017, 52: 7110
[17]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Characterization and interpretation of twin related row-matching orientation relationships between Mg2Sn precipitates and the Mg matrix [J]. J. Appl. Cryst., 2015, 48: 1745
[18]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z, Gu X F. Characterization and interpretation of the morphology of a Mg2Sn precipitate with irrational facets in a Mg-Sn-Mn alloy [J]. Philos. Mag., 2012, 92: 1071
[19]	Nie X, Guan Y M, Zhao D S, et al. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystallography of precipitates in Mg-Sn alloys aged at high temperatures [J]. J. Appl. Cryst., 2014, 47: 1729
[20]	Makarov E S, Muntyanu S, Sokolov E B, et al. Study of the MgSn-Mg2Ge system [J]. Inorg. Mater., 1966, 2: 1830
[21]	Bolshakov K A, Bulonkov N A, Rastorguev L N ,et al. The Mg3Sb2-Mg2Sn system [J]. Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 1963, 8: 1421
[22]	Sasaki T T, Oh-Ishi K, Ohkubo T ,et al. Effect of double aging and microalloying on the age hardening behavior of a Mg-Sn-Zn alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2011, A530: 1
[23]	Zhang M, Zhang W Z, Zhu G Z. The morphology and crystallography of polygonal Mg2Sn precipitates in a Mg-Sn-Mn-Si alloy [J]. Scr. Mater., 2008, 59: 866
[24]	Shi Z Z. Control on microstructure of Mg-Sn-based alloys and research on the precipitates crystallography in several Mg alloys [D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2011
[24]	(石章智. 镁锡基合金组织调控和几种镁合金中沉淀相晶体学的研究 [D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2011)
[25]	Shi Z Z. The crystallography of lath-shaped Mg2Sn precipitates in a Mg-Sn-Zn-Mn alloy [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 559: 158
[26]	Elsayed F R, Sasaki T T, Mendis C L, et al. Significant enhancement of the age-hardening response in Mg-10Sn-3Al-1Zn alloy by Na microalloying [J]. Scr. Mater., 2013, 68: 797
[27]	Shi Z Z, Dai F Z, Zhang M ,et al. Secondary coincidence site lattice model for truncated triangular β-Mg2Sn precipitates in a Mg-Sn-based alloy [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2013, 44A: 2478
[28]	Shi Z Z, Dai F Z, Zhang W Z. Crystallography of Mg2Sn precipitates with two newly observed orientation relationships in an Mg-Sn-Mn alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2012, 28: 411
[29]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Newly observed prismatic Mg2Sn laths in a Mg-Sn-Zn-Mn alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2013, 48: 7551
[30]	Nie J F. Effects of precipitate shape and orientation on dispersion strengthening in magnesium alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2003, 48: 1009
[31]	Sasaki T T, Oh-ishi K, Ohkubo T ,et al. Enhanced age hardening response by the addition of Zn in Mg-Sn alloys [J]. Scr. Mater., 2006, 55: 251
[32]	Zhang W Z, Gu X F, Dai F Z. Faceted interfaces: A key feature to quantitative understanding of transformation morphology [J]. npj Comput. Mater., 2016, 2: 16021
[33]	Zhang W Z, Weatherly G C. On the crystallography of precipitation [J]. Prog. Mater. Sci., 2005, 50: 181
[34]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. A transmission electron microscopy investigation of crystallography of τ-Mg32(Al, Zn)49 precipitates in a Mg-Zn-Al alloy [J]. Scr. Mater., 2011, 64: 201
[35]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Prediction of the morphology of Mg32(Al, Zn)49 precipitates in a Mg-Zn-Al alloy [J]. Intermetallics, 2013, 39: 34
[36]	Huang X F, Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Transmission electron microscopy investigation and interpretation of the morphology and interfacial structure of the ε'-Mg54Ag17 precipitates in an Mg-Sn-Mn-Ag-Zn alloy [J]. J. Appl. Cryst., 2014, 47: 1676
[37]	Li Y J, Zhang W Z, Marthinsen K. Precipitation crystallography of plate-shaped Al6(Mn,Fe) dispersoids in AA5182 alloy [J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60: 5963
[38]	Radmilovic V, Kilaas R, Dahmen U ,et al. Structure and morphology of S-phase precipitates in aluminum [J]. Acta Mater., 1999, 47: 3987
[39]	Tang Y R, Dai F Z, Gu X F, et al. Secondary dislocation structures in a Ni-TiN system from the GMS and O-lattice theory [J]. Physica, 2016, 77E: 97
[40]	Shi Z Z, Yu J, Ji Z K ,et al. Influence of solution heat treatment on microstructure and hardness of as-cast biodegradable Zn-Mn alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2019, 54: 1728
[41]	Zhang W Z, Sun Z P, Zhang J Y, et al. A near row matching approach to prediction of multiple precipitation crystallography of compound precipitates and its application to a Mg/Mg2Sn system [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2017, 52: 4253
[42]	Gu X F, Furuhara T, Zhang W Z. PTCLab: Free and open-source software for calculating phase transformation crystallography [J]. J. Appl. Cryst., 2016, 49: 1099
[43]	Mendis C L, Bettles C J, Gibson M A ,et al. An enhanced age hardening response in Mg-Sn based alloys containing Zn [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2006, A435-436: 163
[44]	Mendis C L, Bettles C J, Gibson M A, et al. Refinement of precipitate distributions in an age-hardenable Mg-Sn alloy through microalloying [J]. Philos. Mag. Lett., 2006, 86: 443
[45]	Behdad S, Zhou L, Henderson H B, et al. Improvement of aging kinetics and precipitate size refinement in Mg-Sn alloys by hafnium additions [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2016, A651: 854
[46]	Li W D, Huang X F, Huang W G. Effects of Ca, Ag addition on the microstructure and age-hardening behavior of a Mg-7Sn (wt%) alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A692: 75
[47]	Elsayed F R, Sasaki T T, Mendis C L ,et al. Compositional optimization of Mg-Sn-Al alloys for higher age hardening response [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2013, A566: 22
[48]	Huang X F, Zhang W Z, Ma Y S, et al. Enhancement of hardening and thermal resistance of Mg-Sn-based alloys by addition of Cu and Al [J]. Philos. Mag. Lett., 2014, 94: 460
[49]	Huang X F, Zhang W Z. Improved age-hardening behavior of Mg-Sn-Mn alloy by addition of Ag and Zn [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2012, A552: 211
[50]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Designing Mg-Sn-Mn alloy based on crystallography of phase transformation [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2011, 47: 41
[50]	(石章智, 张文征. 用相变晶体学指导Mg-Sn-Mn合金优化设计 [J]. 金属学报, 2011, 47: 41)
[51]	Shi Z Z, Zhang W Z. Enhanced age-hardening response and microstructure study of an Ag-modified Mg-Sn-Zn based alloy [J]. Philos. Mag. Lett., 2013, 93: 473
[52]	Jung J G, Park S H, You B S. Effect of aging prior to extrusion on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7Sn-1Al-1Zn alloy [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 627: 324
[53]	Yang M B, Li H L, Duan C Y ,et al. Effects of minor Ti addition on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Sn-2Sr (wt.%) magnesium alloy [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 579: 92
[54]	Luo D, Wang H Y, Chen L ,et al. Strong strain hardening ability in an as-cast Mg-3Sn-1Zn alloy [J]. Mater. Lett., 2013, 94: 51
[55]	Fang C F, Meng L G, Wu Y F ,et al. Effect of Gd on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Sn-Zn-Al alloy [J]. Appl. Mech. Mater., 2013, 312: 411
[56]	Qiu K Q, Liu B, You J H, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-5Sn-5Zn-xCa alloys [A]. Magnesium Technology2012 C]. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012: 537
[57]	El Mahallawy N, Ahmed Diaa A, Akdesir M ,et al. Effect of Zn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast, rolled and extruded Mg-6Sn-xZn alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A680: 47
[58]	Cheng W L, Tian Q W, Huo R ,et al. Improved tensile properties of Mg-8Sn-1Zn alloy induced by minor Ti addition [J]. China Found., 2016, 13: 151
[59]	Wang Q H, Shen Y Q, Jiang B ,et al. A micro-alloyed Mg-Sn-Y alloy with high ductility at room temperature [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A735: 131
[60]	She J, Pan F, Zhang J, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Sn extruded alloys [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2016, 657: 893
[61]	Pan H C, Qin G W, Xu M, et al. Enhancing mechanical properties of Mg-Sn alloys by combining addition of Ca and Zn [J]. Mater. Des., 2015, 83: 736
[62]	Pan H C, Qin G W, Huang Y M, et al. Development of low-alloyed and rare-earth-free magnesium alloys having ultra-high strength [J]. Acta Mater., 2018, 149: 350
[63]	Chen Y A, Jin L, Song Y ,et al. Effect of Zn on microstructure and mechanical property of Mg-3Sn-1Al alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2014, A612: 96
[64]	Tang W N, Park S S, You B S. Effect of the Zn content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of indirect-extruded Mg-5Sn-xZn alloys [J]. Mater. Des., 2011, 32: 3537
[65]	Kim B, Baek S M, Jeong H Y ,et al. Grain refinement and reduced yield asymmetry of extruded Mg-5Sn-1Zn alloy by Al addition [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2016, 660: 304
[66]	She J, Pan F S, Hu H H, et al. Microstructures and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg-5Sn-1Zn-xAl (x=1, 3 and 5) alloys [J]. Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int., 2015, 25: 267
[67]	Chang L L, Tang H, Guo J. Strengthening effect of nano and micro-sized precipitates in the hot-extruded Mg-5Sn-3Zn alloys with Ca addition [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 703: 552
[68]	Sasaki T T, Elsayed F R, Nakata T, et al. Strong and ductile heat-treatable Mg-Sn-Zn-Al wrought alloys [J]. Acta Mater., 2015, 99: 176
[69]	Cheng W L, Kim H S, You B S ,et al. Strength and ductility of novel Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn alloys extruded at different speeds [J]. Mater. Lett., 2011, 65: 1525
[70]	Cheng W L, Tian Q W, Yu H ,et al. Strengthening mechanisms of indirect-extruded Mg-Sn based alloys at room temperature [J]. J. Magn. Alloys, 2014, 2: 299
[71]	Cheng W L, Bai Y, Wang L F ,et al. Strengthening effect of extruded Mg-8Sn-2Zn-2Al alloy: Influence of micro and nano-size Mg2Sn precipitates [J]. Materials, 2017, 10: 822
[72]	Park S H, You B S. Effect of homogenization temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-7Sn-1Al-1Zn alloy [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 637: 332
[73]	Park S H, Lee J H, Yu H ,et al. Effect of cold pre-forging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2014, A612: 197
[74]	Wang Y J, Peng J, Zhong L P. On the microstructure and mechanical property of as-extruded Mg-Sn-Zn alloy with Cu addition [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 744: 234
[75]	Sasaki T T, Yamamoto K, Honma T ,et al. A high-strength Mg-Sn-Zn-Al alloy extruded at low temperature [J]. Scr. Mater., 2008, 59: 1111
[76]	Hu T, Xiao W L, Wang F, et al. Improving tensile properties of Mg-Sn-Zn magnesium alloy sheets using pre-tension and ageing treatment [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 735: 1494
[77]	Kim Y K, Sohn S W, Kim D H ,et al. Role of icosahedral phase in enhancing the strength of Mg-Sn-Zn-Al alloy [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 549: 46
[78]	Lee S G, Jeon J J, Park K C ,et al. Investigation on microstructure and creep properties of as-cast and aging-treated Mg-6Sn-5Al-2Si alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2011, A528: 5394
[79]	Harosh S, Miller L, Levi G ,et al. Microstructure and properties of Mg-5.6%Sn-4.4%Zn-2.1%Al alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2007, 42: 9983
[80]	Gorny A, Bamberger M, Katsman A. High temperature phase stabilized microstructure in Mg-Zn-Sn alloys with Y and Sb additions [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2007, 42: 10014
[81]	Liu C Q, Liu C L, Chen H W, et al. Heat-treatable Mg-9Al-6Sn-3Zn extrusion alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34: 284
[82]	Wang J, Han J J, Jung I H ,et al. Thermodynamic optimizations on the binary Li-Sn system and ternary Mg-Sn-Li system [J]. Calphad, 2014, 47: 100
[83]	Ma L N, Yang Y, Wang X L ,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Li-xAl-0.8Sn alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34: 2078
[84]	Fu X S, Yang Y, Hu J W ,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and extruded Mg-8Li-1Al-0.5Sn alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A709: 247
[85]	Yarkada? G, Kumruo?lu L C, ?evik H. The effect of cerium addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of high pressure die cast Mg-5Sn alloy [J]. Mater. Charact., 2018, 136: 152
[86]	Yang M B, Qin C Y, Pan F S ,et al. Comparison of effects of cerium, yttrium and gadolinium additions on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Sn-1Mn magnesium alloy [J]. J. Rare Earths, 2011, 29: 550
[87]	Liu H M, Chen Y G, Tang Y B, et al. The microstructure and mechanical properties of permanent-mould cast Mg-5wt%Sn-(0-2.6) wt%Di alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2006, A437: 348
[88]	Hort N, Huang Y, Leil T A ,et al. Microstructural investigations of the Mg-Sn-xCa system [J]. Adv. Eng. Mater., 2006, 8: 359
[89]	Suresh K, Rao K P, Prasad Y V R K ,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-Sn-Ca alloys and effect of alloying elements [J]. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2013, 23: 3604
[90]	Rao K P, Prasad Y V R K, Dharmendra C ,et al. Review on hot working behavior and strength of calcium-containing magnesium alloys [J]. Adv. Eng. Mater., 2018, 20: 1701102
[91]	Jiang Y, Chen Y A, Liu H ,et al. Microstructure evolution of as-cast Mg-5Sn alloy with Ba addition [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2016, 657: 68
[92]	Pan F S, Yang M B. Preliminary investigations about effects of Zr, Sc and Ce additions on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt.%) magnesium alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2011, A528: 4973
[93]	Kim Y K, Kim D H, Kim W T, et al. Precipitation of D019 type metastable phase in Mg-Sn alloy [J]. Mater. Lett., 2013, 113: 50
[94]	Gao X, He S M, Zeng X Q ,et al. Microstructure evolution in a Mg-15Gd-0.5Zr (wt.%) alloy during isothermal aging at 250 ℃ [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2006, A431: 322
[95]	Liu C Q, Chen H W, Liu H ,et al. Metastable precipitate phases in Mg-9.8 wt%Sn alloy [J]. Acta Mater., 2018, 144: 590
[96]	Cannon P, Conlin E T. Magnesium compounds: New dense phases [J]. Science, 1964, 145: 487
[97]	Fu H, Guo J X, Wu W S ,et al. High pressure aging synthesis of a hexagonal Mg2Sn strengthening precipitate in Mg-Sn alloys [J]. Mater. Lett., 2015, 157: 172
[98]	Zhao C Y, Pan F S, Zhao S ,et al. Microstructure, corrosion behavior and cytotoxicity of biodegradable Mg-Sn implant alloys prepared by sub-rapid solidification [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, C54: 245
[99]	Kubásek J, Vojtěch D, Lipov J ,et al. Structure, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior and cytotoxicity of biodegradable Mg-X (X=Sn, Ga, In) alloys [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2013, C33: 2421
[100]	Bowen P K, Drelich J, Goldman J. Zinc exhibits ideal physiological corrosion behavior for bioabsorbable stents [J]. Adv. Mater., 2013, 25: 2577

[1]	张健, 王莉, 谢光, 王栋, 申健, 卢玉章, 黄亚奇, 李亚微. 镍基单晶高温合金的研发进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1109-1124.
[2]	冯强, 路松, 李文道, 张晓瑞, 李龙飞, 邹敏, 庄晓黎. γ' 相强化钴基高温合金成分设计与蠕变机理研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1125-1143.
[3]	李景仁, 谢东升, 张栋栋, 谢红波, 潘虎成, 任玉平, 秦高梧. 新型低合金化高强Mg-0.2Ce-0.2Ca合金挤压过程中的组织演变机理[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(8): 1087-1096.
[4]	邵晓宏, 彭珍珍, 靳千千, 马秀良. 镁合金LPSO/SFs结构间{ $10 1 ¯ 2$ }孪晶交汇机制的原子尺度研究[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(4): 556-566.
[5]	沈朝, 王志鹏, 胡波, 李德江, 曾小勤, 丁文江. 镁合金抗高温氧化机理研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(3): 371-386.
[6]	朱云鹏, 覃嘉宇, 王金辉, 马鸿斌, 金培鹏, 李培杰. 机械球磨结合粉末冶金制备AZ61超细晶镁合金的组织与性能[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(2): 257-266.
[7]	唐伟能, 莫宁, 侯娟. 增材制造镁合金技术现状与研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(2): 205-225.
[8]	王重阳, 韩世伟, 谢峰, 胡龙, 邓德安. 固态相变和软化效应对超高强钢焊接残余应力的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1613-1623.
[9]	张开元, 董文超, 赵栋, 李世键, 陆善平. 固态相变对Fe-Co-Ni超高强度钢长臂梁构件焊接-淬火过程应力和变形的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1633-1643.
[10]	彭立明, 邓庆琛, 吴玉娟, 付彭怀, 刘子翼, 武千业, 陈凯, 丁文江. 镁合金选区激光熔化增材制造技术研究现状与展望[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 31-54.
[11]	陈扬, 毛萍莉, 刘正, 王志, 曹耕晟. 高速冲击载荷下预压缩AZ31镁合金的退孪生行为与动态力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(5): 660-672.
[12]	曾小勤, 王杰, 应韬, 丁文江. 镁及其合金导热研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(4): 400-411.
[13]	罗旋, 韩芳, 黄天林, 吴桂林, 黄晓旭. 层状异构Mg-3Gd合金的微观组织和力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(11): 1489-1496.
[14]	李少杰, 金剑锋, 宋宇豪, 王明涛, 唐帅, 宗亚平, 秦高梧. “工艺-组织-性能”模拟研究Mg-Gd-Y合金混晶组织[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(1): 114-128.
[15]	王慧远, 夏楠, 布如宇, 王珵, 查敏, 杨治政. 低合金化高性能变形镁合金研究现状及展望[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(11): 1429-1437.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed