定向凝固Al-Mn-Be合金初生金属间化合物相生长行为及力学性能

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00559

金属学报

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (5): 809-823 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00559

金属材料的凝固专刊

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

定向凝固Al-Mn-Be合金初生金属间化合物相生长行为及力学性能

康慧君¹, 李金玲¹, 王同敏¹(

), 郭景杰²

1大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁省凝固控制与数字化制备技术重点实验室大连 116024
2哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室哈尔滨 150001

Growth Behavior of Primary Intermetallic Phases and Mechanical Properties for Directionally Solidified Al-Mn-Be Alloy

Huijun KANG¹, Jinling LI¹, Tongmin WANG¹(

), Jingjie GUO²

1 Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
2 National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

引用本文:

康慧君, 李金玲, 王同敏, 郭景杰. 定向凝固Al-Mn-Be合金初生金属间化合物相生长行为及力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(5): 809-823.
Huijun KANG, Jinling LI, Tongmin WANG, Jingjie GUO. Growth Behavior of Primary Intermetallic Phases and Mechanical Properties for Directionally Solidified Al-Mn-Be Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(5): 809-823.

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摘要:

对Al-3Mn-7Be合金(原子分数,%)在1~1500 μm/s的抽拉速率下进行定向凝固实验,研究了抽拉速率对合金组织演化、金属间化合物形貌演变和合金力学性能等的影响规律。结果表明,Be元素的加入使二元相图向高Mn区移动,引入了金属间化合物λ相、T相、Be₄AlMn和准晶I相,而且Be的加入明显细化了合金的组织。随着抽拉速率的增加,固/液界面过冷度和溶质过饱和度增加,引起初生金属间化合物相的竞争生长,初生相先由λ相转变为T相,后转变为准晶I相,伴随着形成初生Be₄AlMn相。同时,初生相的形貌、尺寸和生长方式也随抽拉速率的增加而发生改变。随着抽拉速率的增加,定向凝固合金的强度先下降后提高,在抽拉速率较低和较高时,定向凝固合金均呈现了较大延伸率,这主要由其定向凝固组织、强化相的种类、形貌以及与基体构成的界面结构决定。

关键词 ： Al-Mn-Be合金, 定向凝固, 金属间化合物, 微观组织, 三维形貌, 力学性能

Abstract：

Intermetallic compounds (including quasicrystals) have been widely employed as reinforced phases in many alloys due to their high strength, high hardness and good thermal stability. The growth behavior and growth pattern of these intermetallic compounds affect the mechanical properties of materials significantly. However, the intermetallic compound, which exhibits complex crystal structures and directional bonding usually shows a faceted growth pattern with strong anisotropy and forms crystals with a wide range of morphologies and coarse grains during solidification. The inappropriate morphology and size of the intermetallic compound will destroy the integrity of the matrix and thus deteriorate the mechanical properties of materials. In this work, the microstructural evolution, morphology evolution of intermetallic compounds and mechanical properties have been investigated in directionally solidified Al-3Mn-7Be (atomic fraction, %) alloy with a wide pulling rates of 1~1500 μm/s. The addition of Be results in the shift of Al-Mn binary phase diagram toward the Mn-rich side, the appearance of intermetallic compounds, namely λ-phase, T-phase, Be₄AlMn, and icosahedral quasicrystal (I-phase) and significantly refines the microstructures of the as-cast and directionally solidified samples. With increasing pulling rates, a transition of primary phase is observed from λ-phase to T-phase, and then I-phase, accompanied by the formation of the primary Be₄AlMn phase, which can be attributed to the increase of supersaturation and supercooling near the solid/liquid interface. Meanwhile, the morphology, size and growth pattern of primary phases vary with the increase of pulling rates. The mechanical properties of directionally solidified Al-3Mn-7Be alloy have been investigated. It is indicated that the room-temperature strength of this alloy decreases first and then increases as the pulling rates increase, and a larger elongation is presented at the lowest and highest pulling rates, which can be attributed to the microstructures of alloys, properties of strengthening phases and the interfaces between matrix and strengthening phase.

Key words： Al-Mn-Be alloy directional solidification intermetallic compound microstructure 3D morphology mechanical property

收稿日期: 2017-12-27

ZTFLH:

TG111.4

基金资助:资助项目国家自然科学基金项目Nos.51774065、51525401、51690163和 51601028

作者简介:

作者简介康慧君,男,1982年生,副教授,博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00559 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V54/I5/809

图1 铸态Al-3Mn和Al-3Mn-7Be合金的XRD谱、微观组织及Al-3Mn-7Be合金组成相的AES分析和降温DSC曲线

图2 不同抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金的纵截面组织及对应初生相的SAED谱

图3 抽拉速率为1 μm/s时获得的λ相三维形貌

图4 λ相单胞沿[0001]和[1010]方向的投影图

图5 不同抽拉速率下T相的三维形貌演变

图6 Be4AlMn相和T相的TEM明场相及SAED谱

图7 Be4AlMn相的三维形貌

图8 不同抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金的室温应力-应变曲线及对应的微观组织

表1 不同抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金的室温拉伸性能

图9 定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金试样室温拉伸断口附近的变形区显微组织

图10 1000 μm/s抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金试样的TEM分析

图11 1000 μm/s抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金拉伸试样的TEM明场像

图12 铸态和不同抽拉速率下定向凝固Al-3Mn-7Be合金试样的拉伸断口形貌

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