激冷Ti-47Ni合金薄带的组织、相变和形状记忆行为

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00410

金属学报

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (8): 1157-1164 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00410

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激冷Ti-47Ni合金薄带的组织、相变和形状记忆行为

贺志荣, 吴佩泽, 刘康凯, 冯辉, 杜雨青, 冀荣耀

陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院汉中 723001

Microstructure, Phase Transformation and Shape Memory Behavior of Chilled Ti-47Ni Alloy Ribbons

Zhirong HE, Peize WU, Kangkai LIU, Hui FENG, Yuqing DU, Rongyao JI

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China

引用本文:

贺志荣, 吴佩泽, 刘康凯, 冯辉, 杜雨青, 冀荣耀. 激冷Ti-47Ni合金薄带的组织、相变和形状记忆行为[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(8): 1157-1164.
Zhirong HE, Peize WU, Kangkai LIU, Hui FENG, Yuqing DU, Rongyao JI. Microstructure, Phase Transformation and Shape Memory Behavior of Chilled Ti-47Ni Alloy Ribbons[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(8): 1157-1164.

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摘要:

为了开发微机电系统用快响应微执行器材料,采用熔体快淬法制备了激冷Ti-47Ni (原子分数,%)形状记忆合金薄带,利用CLSM、XRD、DSC和弯曲实验研究了铜辊速率和退火工艺对Ti-47Ni合金薄带显微组织、相组成、相变行为和形状记忆行为的影响。结果表明,不同辊速制备的铸态和300~800 ℃退火态Ti-47Ni合金薄带的显微组织均呈纵横排列的柱状,辊速越高合金薄带的晶粒越细,退火工艺对合金薄带显微组织影响不大。Ti-47Ni合金薄带的组成相为马氏体(B19'相,单斜结构)+母相(B2相,CsCl型结构),冷却/加热时发生B2→B19'/B19'→B2一阶段马氏体相变,正、逆马氏体相变温度分别约为54和81 ℃,相变热滞约为27 ℃。随辊速增加,合金薄带马氏体相变温度降低,形状记忆恢复率提高。随退火温度升高,合金薄带相变行为变化不大,形状记忆恢复率在93%~98%之间变化。铸态和退火态Ti-47Ni合金薄带皆具有优异的形状记忆效应。

关键词 ： Ti-Ni形状记忆合金, 激冷薄带, 显微组织, 相变, 形状记忆效应

Abstract：

The micro-actuater materials are needed urgently in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) which are developing rapidly. The melt-spun Ti-Ni shape memory alloy ribbons have become candidate materials since their fast heat response and large acting density. The bulk Ti-47Ni (atom fraction, %) shape memory alloy is an ideal material to make thermosensitive actuators since its one-stage martensitic transformation and small temperature hysteresis. In order to develop the micro-actuator materials with fast response using in MEMS, the chilled Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt-spinning in this research. The effects of the roller speed and the annealing processes on microstructure, phase composition, phase transformation behaviors and shape memory effect of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons were investigated by CLSM, XRD, DSC and bending test. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast and 300~800 ℃ annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons fabricated under different roller speeds is vertically and horizontally arrayed columnar. The higher the roller speed, the finer the grain is. The annealing processes do nearly affect the microstructure of the alloy ribbons. The composition phases of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons are martensite (B19' phase, monoclinic structure) and parent phase (B2 phase, CsCl-type structure). The B2→B19'/B19'→B2 type one-stage martensitic transformation occurs in Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons upon cooling and heating, the martensitic transformation temperature and the reverse martensitic transformation temperature are about 54 and 81 ℃, respectively, and the temperature hysteresis is about 27 ℃. With increasing the roller speed, the martensitic transformation temperatures of the alloy ribbons decrease, and the recovery rate of shape memory of the alloy ribbons increases. With increasing the annealing temperature, the transformation behaviors of the alloy ribbons change a little, and the recovery rate of shape memory changes in the range of 93%~98%. The as-cast and annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons are all of excellent shape memory effect.

Key words： Ti-Ni shape memory alloy chilling ribbon microstructure phase transformation shape memory effect

收稿日期: 2017-09-25

ZTFLH:

TG113.25

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目No.2016YFE0111400,陕西省自然科学基金项目No.2012JM6016,汉中市科技计划项目No.HZGXW1602和陕西理工大学研究生创新基金项目No.SLGYCX1823

作者简介:

作者简介贺志荣,男,1960生,教授,博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00410 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V54/I8/1157

图1 辊速对Ti-47Ni合金薄带显微组织的影响

图2 退火温度对1000 r/min转速制备的Ti-47Ni合金薄带显微组织的影响

图3 不同辊速和退火温度下Ti-47Ni合金薄带的XRD谱

图4 辊速对Ti-47Ni合金薄带DSC曲线、冷却和加热相变峰温度TM、TA和热滞ΔT的影响

图5 转速为1000 r/min时退火温度对Ti-47Ni合金薄带DSC曲线、TM、TA和ΔT的影响

图6 转速为1000 r/min、退火温度为500 ℃时退火保温时间对Ti-47Ni合金薄带DSC曲线、TM、TA和ΔT的影响

图7 辊速为1000和1500 r/min时得到的铸态Ti-47Ni合金薄带的原始形貌、室温下形变后的形貌和加热恢复后的形貌

图8 800 ℃退火态Ti-47Ni合金薄带的原始形貌、形变后的形貌和加热恢复后的形貌

图9 退火温度对Ti-47Ni合金薄带形状记忆恢复率的影响

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