Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability Mechanism of a High Solid Solution Al-Mg Alloy Processed by Cryogenic High-Reduction Hard-Plate Rolling

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00239

Acta Metall Sin

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (4): 473-484 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00239

Research paper

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability Mechanism of a High Solid Solution Al-Mg Alloy Processed by Cryogenic High-Reduction Hard-Plate Rolling

TIAN Teng¹, ZHA Min¹^,²^,³(

), YIN Haoliang¹, HUA Zhenming¹, JIA Hailong¹^,³, WANG Huiyuan¹^,²^,³(

)

1 Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Super Hard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
3 International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Cite this article:

TIAN Teng, ZHA Min, YIN Haoliang, HUA Zhenming, JIA Hailong, WANG Huiyuan. Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability Mechanism of a High Solid Solution Al-Mg Alloy Processed by Cryogenic High-Reduction Hard-Plate Rolling. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(4): 473-484.

Download:

HTML

PDF(6737KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Al-Mg series alloys are highly desirable for structural applications, owing to their high specific strength, good formability, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, high-strength Al-Mg alloys prepared via severe plastic deformation generally exhibit poor thermal stability, which is caused by the high-density grain boundaries (GBs). Achieving simultaneous high strength and thermal stability in binary Al-Mg alloys remains a challenge. In this study, Al-9Mg alloys with a combination of high strength (~597 MPa), decent elongation (~7.7%), and enhanced thermal stability were developed via cryogenic high-reduction hard-plate rolling (CHR-HPR). The effects of solute Mg content on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys were systematically investigated using EBSD, TEM, microhardness measurements, and tensile tests. The high yield strength is derived from high-density dislocations and low-angle GBs promoted via the high content of solute Mg atoms and low deformation temperature. In addition to the positive roles of Mg atoms and low deformation temperature on work-hardening ability, the simultaneous improvement in the ultimate tensile strength and ductility of CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys with increasing solute Mg content is partially attributed to the enhanced work hardening induced via the dynamic strain aging. Furthermore, the recrystallization temperature of the CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys gradually increased with increasing solute Mg content, and the recrystallization temperature of CHR-HPR Al-9Mg could reach 400^oC. The enhanced thermal stability of CHR-HPR Al-9Mg alloy is due to the high content Mg solute atoms, which strongly retard recovery and recrystallization by dragging dislocations and pinning GBs.

Key words: Al-Mg alloy cryogenic hard-plate rolling work hardening mechanical property microstructure recrystallization

Received: 12 May 2022

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(51922048);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51625402);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51790483)

Corresponding Authors: ZHA Min, professor, Tel:(0431)85094699, E-mail: minzha@jlu.edu.cn;
WANG Huiyuan, professor, Tel:(0431)85095415, E-mail: wanghuiyuan@jlu.edu.cn

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Collect articles（）
	Articles by authors
	TIAN Teng
	ZHA Min
	YIN Haoliang
	HUA Zhenming
	JIA Hailong
	WANG Huiyuan

URL:

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00239 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I4/473

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the investigated Al-Mg alloys

Fig.1 XRD spectra of the as-extruded and cryogenic high-reduction hard-plate rolling (CHR-HPR) Al-Mg alloys (Dotted vertical lines represent the theoretical diffraction peaks of pure Al)

Table 2 Lattice parameters and the losses of Mg concentration in solid solution determined from XRD spectra of the pure Al^[8], as-extruded, and CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys

Fig.2 EBSD analyses of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a, d), CHR-HPR Al-5Mg (b, e), and CHR-HPR Al-9Mg (c, f) alloys (High-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) are defined by misorientation angle (θ) > 15°, and low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) are defined by 2° < θ < 15°, respectively. TD—transverse direction, RD—rolling direction) (a-c) inverse pole figure maps (d-f) kernel average misorientation (KAM) images

Fig.3 TEM images of the CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a-c), CHR-HPR Al-5Mg (d-f), and CHR-HPR Al-9Mg (g-i) alloys (Insets in Figs.3c, f, and i are the corresponding selected area electron diffraction patterns of the matrix)

Fig.4 Tensile properties of CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys
(a) engineering stress-strain curves
(b) true stress-strain curves (Inset in Fig.4b shows the locally magnified section)
(c) work hardening rate as a function of true strain

Fig.5 Microhardness evolution of CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys annealed at different temperatures for 30 min

Fig.6 Engineering stress-strain curves of CHR-HPR Al-Mg alloys annealed at 275^oC (a), 300^oC (b), 350^oC (c), and 400^oC (d) for 30 min

Fig.7 EBSD analyses of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a, d), Al-5Mg (b, e), and Al-9Mg (c, f) alloys annealed at 275^oC for 30 min (ND—normal direction) (a-c) inverse pole figure maps (d-f) different types of grains

Fig.8 EBSD analyses of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a, d), Al-5Mg (b, e), and Al-9Mg (c, f) alloys annealed at 300^oC for 30 min (a-c) inverse pole figure maps (d-f) different types of grains

Fig.9 EBSD analyses of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a, d), Al-5Mg (b, e), and Al-9Mg (c, f) alloys annealed at 350^oC for 30 min (a-c) inverse pole figure maps (Insets in Figs.9a and b are the corresponding grain size distribution charts. d_ave— average grain size) (d-f) different types of grains

Fig.10 EBSD analyses of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a, d), Al-5Mg (b, e), and Al-9Mg (c, f) alloys annealed at 400^oC for 30 min (a-c) inverse pole figure maps (Insets in Figs.10a-c are the corresponding grain size distribution charts) (d-f) different types of grains

Fig.11 Microstructure evolution models of CHR-HPR Al-1Mg (a_i-e_i), Al-5Mg (a_ii-e_ii), and Al-9Mg (a_iii-e_iii) alloys before (a_i-a_iii) and after annealing at 275^oC (b_i-b_iii), 300^oC (c_i-c_iii), 350^oC (d_i-d_iii), and 400^oC (e_i-e_iii) (Red lines represent deformation bands and green hexagons represent recrystallized grains, while black and gray curve lines represent HAGBs and LAGBs, respectively)

1	Zha M, Zhang H M, Jia H L, et al. Prominent role of multi-scale microstructural heterogeneities on superplastic deformation of a high solid solution Al-7Mg alloy[J]. Int. J. Plast., 2021, 146: 103108 doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2021.103108
2	Tang Y P, Goto W, Hirosawa S, et al. Concurrent strengthening of ultrafine-grained age-hardenable Al-Mg alloy by means of high-pressure torsion and spinodal decomposition[J]. Acta Mater., 2017, 131: 57 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.04.002
3	Yuan T, Zhao X H, Jiang X Q, et al. Mechanism of grain refinement of pulse current assisted plasma arc welded Al-Mg alloy[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2024, 60: 323 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00036
	袁涛, 赵晓虎, 蒋晓青等. 脉冲电流辅助等离子弧焊Al-Mg合金晶粒细化机理[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60: 323
4	Zha M, Zhang H M, Meng X T, et al. Stabilizing a severely deformed Al-7Mg alloy with a multimodal grain structure via Mg solute segregation[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 89: 141 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.01.086
5	Jang D H, Park Y B, Kim W J. Significant strengthening in superlight Al-Mg alloy with an exceptionally large amount of Mg (13 wt%) after cold rolling[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2019, A744: 36
6	Morishige T, Hirata T, Uesugi T, et al. Effect of Mg content on the minimum grain size of Al-Mg alloys obtained by friction stir processing[J]. Scr. Mater., 2011, 64: 355 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.10.033
7	Sun J X, Yang K, Wang Q Y, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of 5356 aluminum alloy fabricated by TIG arc additive manufacturing[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2021, 57: 665 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00266
	孙佳孝, 杨可, 王秋雨等. 5356铝合金TIG电弧增材制造组织与力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57: 665 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00266
8	Zha M, Li Y J, Mathiesen R H, et al. Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of a binary Al-7Mg alloy processed by equal-channel angular pressing[J]. Acta Mater., 2015, 84: 42 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.10.025
9	Liu Y, Liu M P, Chen X F, et al. Effect of Mg on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys produced by high pressure torsion[J]. Scr. Mater., 2019, 159: 137
10	Ruppert M, Schunk C, Hausmann D, et al. Global and local strain rate sensitivity of bimodal Al-laminates produced by accumulative roll bonding[J]. Acta Mater., 2016, 103: 643 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.11.009
11	Luo X, Feng Z Q, Yu T B, et al. Transitions in mechanical behavior and in deformation mechanisms enhance the strength and ductility of Mg-3Gd[J]. Acta Mater., 2020, 183: 398 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2019.11.034
12	Konkova T, Mironov S, Korznikov A, et al. Microstructural response of pure copper to cryogenic rolling[J]. Acta Mater., 2010, 58: 5262 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.05.056
13	Wang Y M, Chen M W, Zhou F H, et al. High tensile ductility in a nanostructured metal[J]. Nature, 2002, 419: 912 doi: 10.1038/nature01133
14	Zha M, Li Y J, Mathiesen R H, et al. High ductility bulk nanostructured Al-Mg binary alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing and inter-pass annealing[J]. Scr. Mater., 2015, 105: 22 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.04.018
15	Krymskiy S, Sitdikov O, Avtokratova E, et al. 2024 aluminum alloy ultrahigh-strength sheet due to two-level nanostructuring under cryorolling and heat treatment[J]. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2020, 30: 14 doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(19)65176-9
16	Kumar V, Kumar D. Investigation of tensile behaviour of cryorolled and room temperature rolled 6082 Al alloy[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A691: 211
17	Zhang H M, Zha M, Jia H L, et al. Influences of the Al₃Sc particle content on the evolution of bimodal grain structure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Sc alloys processed by hard-plate rolling[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, A802: 140451
18	Zha M, Meng X T, Zhang H M, et al. High strength and ductile high solid solution Al-Mg alloy processed by a novel hard-plate rolling route[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 728: 872 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.017
19	Zha M, Liang J W, Xing H, et al. Spheroiding and refining of coarse CaMgSn phase in Mg-Al-Sn-Ca alloys for simultaneously improved strength and ductility via sub-rapid solidification and controlled rolling[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2022, A834: 142598
20	Li Y K, Zha M, Jia H L, et al. Tailoring bimodal grain structure of Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy for strength-ductility synergy: Co-regulating effect from coarse Al₂Y and submicron Mg₁₇Al₁₂ particles[J]. J. Magnes. Alloy., 2021, 9: 1556 doi: 10.1016/j.jma.2021.01.008
21	Li Y K, Zha M, Rong J, et al. Effect of large thickness-reduction on microstructure evolution and tensile properties of Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy processed by hard-plate rolling[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 88: 215 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.01.050
22	Jin Z Z, Zha M, Jia H L, et al. Balancing the strength and ductility of Mg-6Zn-0.2Ca alloy via sub-rapid solidification combined with hard-plate rolling[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 81: 219 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.069
23	Zhang H, Zha M, Tian T, et al. Prominent role of high-volume fraction Mg₁₇Al₁₂ dynamic precipitations on multimodal microstructure formation and strength-ductility synergy of Mg-Al-Zn alloys processed by hard-plate rolling (HPR)[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, A808: 140920
24	Zhou F, Liao X Z, Zhu Y T, et al. Microstructural evolution during recovery and recrystallization of a nanocrystalline Al-Mg alloy prepared by cryogenic ball milling[J]. Acta Mater., 2003, 51: 2777 doi: 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00083-1
25	Alyani A, Kazeminezhad M. Annealing behavior of aluminum after low-temperature severe plastic deformation[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, A824: 141810
26	Dhal A, Panigrahi S K, Shunmugam M S. Insight into the microstructural evolution during cryo-severe plastic deformation and post-deformation annealing of aluminum and its alloys[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 726: 1205 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.062
27	Gao Y H, Liu G, Sun J. Recent progress in high-temperature resistant aluminum-based alloys: Microstructural design and precipitation strategy[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2021, 57: 129 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00347
	高一涵, 刘刚, 孙军. 耐热铝基合金研究进展: 微观组织设计与析出策略[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57: 129 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00347
28	Hasegawa H, Komura S, Utsunomiya A, et al. Thermal stability of ultrafine-grained aluminum in the presence of Mg and Zr additions[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1999, A265: 188
29	Hayes J S, Keyte R, Prangnell P B. Effect of grain size on tensile behaviour of a submicron grained Al-3wt%-Mg alloy produced by severe deformation[J]. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2000, 16: 1259 doi: 10.1179/026708300101507479
30	Zha M, Meng X T, Yu Z Y, et al. Enhancing thermal stability of binary Al-Mg alloys by tailoring grain orientations using a high solute Mg content[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2019, 50A: 5264
31	Jin S B, Tao N R, Marthinsen K, et al. Deformation of an Al-7Mg alloy with extensive structural micro-segregations during dynamic plastic deformation[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A628: 160
32	Han B S, Wei L J, Xu Y J, et al. Effect of pre-deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy after ageing treatment[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2020, 56: 1007 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00402
	韩宝帅, 魏立军, 徐严谨等. 预变形对超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金时效组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56: 1007 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00402
33	Kreyca J, Kozeschnik E. State parameter-based constitutive modelling of stress strain curves in Al-Mg solid solutions[J]. Int. J. Plast., 2018, 103: 67 doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.01.001
34	Fu S H, Cheng T, Zhang Q C, et al. Two mechanisms for the normal and inverse behaviors of the critical strain for the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect[J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60: 6650 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.035
35	Jobba M, Mishra R K, Niewczas M. Flow stress and work-hardening behaviour of Al-Mg binary alloys[J]. Int. J. Plast., 2015, 65: 43 doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2014.08.006
36	Ma K K, Wen H M, Hu T, et al. Mechanical behavior and strengthening mechanisms in ultrafine grain precipitation-strengthened aluminum alloy[J]. Acta Mater., 2014, 62: 141 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.09.042
37	Pan H C, Kang R, Li J R, et al. Mechanistic investigation of a low-alloy Mg-Ca-based extrusion alloy with high strength-ductility synergy[J]. Acta Mater., 2020, 186: 278 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2020.01.017
38	Hansen N. Hall-Petch relation and boundary strengthening[J]. Scr. Mater., 2004, 51: 801 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002
39	Valiev R Z, Enikeev N A, Murashkin M Y, et al. On the origin of the extremely high strength of ultrafine-grained Al alloys produced by severe plastic deformation[J]. Scr. Mater., 2010, 63: 949 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.07.014
40	Liu G, Zhang P, Yang C, et al. Aluminum alloys: Solute atom clusters and their strengthening[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2021, 57: 1484 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00301
	刘刚, 张鹏, 杨冲等. 铝合金中的溶质原子团簇及其强韧化[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57: 1484
41	Chen Y J, Roven H J, Gireesh S S, et al. Quantitative study of grain refinement in Al-Mg alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing at cryogenic temperature[J]. Mater. Lett., 2011, 65: 3472 doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.07.067

[1]	HUANG Jiansong, PEI Wen, XU Shitong, BAI Yong, YAO Meiyi, HU Lijuan, XIE Yaoping, ZHOU Bangxin. Degradation Mechanism on Corrosion Resistance of High Nb-Containing Zirconium Alloys in Oxygen-Containing Steam[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 509-521.
[2]	JIANG Haowen, PENG Wei, FAN Zengwei, WANG Yangxin, LIU Tengshi, DONG Han. Effect of Ag on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 434-442.
[3]	ZHANG Guangying, LI Yan, HUANG Liying, DING Wei. Process Design and Microstructure Control of Medium Manganese Steel with Continuous Yield and High Strength Yield Ratio[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 443-452.
[4]	CAI Jie, GAO Jie, HUA Yinqun, YE Yunxia, GUAN Qingfeng, ZHANG Xiaofeng. Effect of High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation on Microstructure and Properties of MCrAlY Coating Prepared by Low-Pressure Plasma Spraying[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 495-508.
[5]	FAN Lihua, LI Jinlin, SUN Jiudong, LV Mengtian, WANG Qing, DONG Chuang. Effect of Cr/Mo/W on the Thermal Stability ofγ/γ′Coherent Microstructure in Ni-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(4): 453-463.
[6]	CHEN Shenghu, WANG Qiyu, JIANG Haichang, RONG Lijian. Effect of δ-Ferrite on Hot Deformation and Recrystallization of 316KD Austenitic Stainless Steel for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor Application[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(3): 367-376.
[7]	YANG Jie, HUANG Sensen, YIN Hui, ZHAI Ruizhi, MA Yingjie, XIANG Wei, LUO Hengjun, LEI Jiafeng, YANG Rui. Inhomogeneity Analyses of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC21 Titanium Alloy Variable Cross-section Die Forgings for Aviation[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(3): 333-347.
[8]	YUAN Tao, ZHAO Xiaohu, JIANG Xiaoqing, REN Xuelei, LI Boyang. Mechanism of Grain Refinement of Pulse Current Assisted Plasma Arc Welded Al-Mg Alloy[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(3): 323-332.
[9]	SUN Laibo, HUANG Lujun, HUANG Ruisheng, XU Kai, WU Pengbo, LONG Weimin, JIANG Fengchun, FANG Naiwen. Progress in the Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on Microstructure Improvement and Strengthening Mechanism in Additive Manufacturing[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(3): 273-286.
[10]	NI Mingjie, LIU Renci, ZHOU Haohao, YANG Chao, GE Shuyu, LIU Dong, SHI Fengling, CUI Yuyou, YANG Rui. Influence of Grinding Depth on the Surface Integrity and Fatigue Property of γ-TiAl Alloy[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(2): 261-272.
[11]	HU Baojia, ZHENG Qinyuan, LU Yi, JIA Chunni, LIANG Tian, ZHENG Chengwu, LI Dianzhong. Recrystallization Controlling in a Cold-Rolled Medium Mn Steel and Its Effect on Mechanical Properties[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(2): 189-200.
[12]	YANG Junjie, ZHANG Changsheng, LI Hongjia, XIE Lei, WANG Hong, SUN Guang'ai. Effect of Tension-Torsion Coupled Loading on the Mechanical Properties and Deformation Mechanism of GH4169 Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 30-42.
[13]	ZHENG Xiong, LAI Yuxiang, XIANG Xuemei, CHEN Jianghua. Impacts of Rare Earth Element La on Properties and Microstructure of AlMgSi Alloys[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 107-116.
[14]	ZHANG Chao, XIONG Zhiping, YANG Dezhen, CHENG Xingwang. Effect of Mn Heterogeneous Distribution on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Quenching and Partitioning Steels[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 69-79.
[15]	WANG Xiuqi, LI Tianrui, LIU Guohuai, GUO Ruiqi, WANG Zhaodong. Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Ti-44Al-5Nb-1Mo-2V-0.2B Alloys in the Cross Hot-Pack Rolling Process[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(1): 95-106.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed