Microstructure Evolution of Inconel 718 Superalloy During Hot Working and Its Recent Development Tendency

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00340

Acta Metall Sin

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (11): 1653-1664 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00340

Materials and Processes

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Microstructure Evolution of Inconel 718 Superalloy During Hot Working and Its Recent Development Tendency

Yongchang LIU(

), Hongjun ZHANG, Qianying GUO, Xiaosheng ZHOU, Zongqing MA, Yuan HUANG, Huijun LI

State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China

Cite this article:

Yongchang LIU, Hongjun ZHANG, Qianying GUO, Xiaosheng ZHOU, Zongqing MA, Yuan HUANG, Huijun LI. Microstructure Evolution of Inconel 718 Superalloy During Hot Working and Its Recent Development Tendency. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(11): 1653-1664.

Download:

HTML

PDF(7140KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Here some critical issues existed during forging process of Inconel 718 disks involving recrystallization mechanisms, grain growth, δ-phase morphology control and residual stress are explained. Based on the potential application prospect of selective laser melting in additive manufacture of aerocraft engine components, the specialized anisotropic microstructure and mechanical performance resulted from the rapid solidification process in selective laser melting are analyzed. Furthermore, the importance and difficulty of heat treatment in eliminating Laves-phase as well as tailoring substructure and related mechanical behavior are also discussed. The deformation mechanisms of Inconel 718 alloy at high temperature are illustrated in detail, comprising of dislocation planar slip, twinning and dislocation-shearing γ″ precipitates in complex modes. At last, a newly developed wrought nickel superalloy (Allvac 718Plus, with a increase in service temperature of 55 ℃ as compared to that of Inconel 718) is introduced, and some recent progresses aimed at modifying chemical compositions and phase compositions to improve service temperature on the basis of Inconel 718 alloy are also reviewed. The results indicate that the more stable γ″-γ' composite structure is important for the further design of next-generation wrought nickel superalloys.

Key words: Inconel 718 alloy recrystallization selective laser melting dislocation-shearing mechanism γ″-γ' strengthened superalloy;

Received: 23 July 2018

ZTFLH:

TG113.12

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51474156, 51604193 and U1660201) and National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2015AA042504)

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	Yongchang LIU
	Hongjun ZHANG
	Qianying GUO
	Xiaosheng ZHOU
	Zongqing MA
	Yuan HUANG
	Huijun LI

URL:

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00340 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2018/V54/I11/1653

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of Delta processing for Inconel 718 alloy^[23]

Fig.2 The influence of recrystallized structure on δ precipitation in Inconel 718 alloy (DRX—dynamic recrystallization)^[25]

Fig.3 Anisotropic microstructures of Inconel 718 alloy processed by selective laser melting (SLM)
(a) columnar substructure parallel to the building direction
(b) cellular substructure perpendicular to the building direction

Table 1 Tensile properties of SLM-processed Inconel 718 alloy after experiencing different heat treatments^[47]

Table 2 Influences of building orientation and heat treatment on the creep behavior of SLM-processed Inconel 718 alloy^[48]

Fig.4 Planar slip feature of dislocations (a) and dislocation sheared precipitates (b) during creep deformation of Inconel 718 alloy

Fig.5 TEM image (a) and corresponding SAED pattern (b) for the creep induced twinning in Inconel 718 alloy, and its interaction with precipitates showed by the arrows (c)

Fig.6 HRTEM image (a) and corresponding FFT pattern (b) of γ" phase in Inconel 718 alloy, and the crystal model (c) for its D0₂₂ structure

Fig.7 Dislocation-sheared morphologyies of γ" (a) and γ′ (b) phases in Inconel 718 alloy

Table 3 Nominal composition of Allvac 718Plus compared to Inconel 718 alloy^[81]
(mass fraction / %)

[1]	Liu Y C, Guo Q Y, Li C, et al.Recent progress on evolution of precipitates in Inconel 718 superalloy[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2016, 52: 1259(刘永长, 郭倩颖, 李冲等. Inconel 718高温合金中析出相演变研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52: 1259)
[2]	Xie X S, Dong J X, Fu S H, et al.Research and development of γ" and γ′ strengthened Ni-Fe base superalloy GH4169[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2010, 46: 1289(谢锡善, 董建新, 付书红等. γ"和γ′相强化的Ni-Fe基高温合金GH4169的研究与发展[J]. 金属学报, 2010, 46: 1289)
[3]	Paulonis D F, Oblak J M, Duvall D S.Precipitation in nickel-base alloy 718[J]. ASM Trans. Quart., 1969, 62: 611
[4]	Chaturvedi M C, Han Y F.Strengthening mechanisms in Inconel 718 superalloy[J]. Met. Sci., 1983, 17: 145
[5]	Oblak J M, Paulonis D F, Duvall D S.Coherency strengthening in Ni base alloys hardened by D022 γ" precipitates[J]. Metall. Trans., 1974, 5: 143
[6]	Barker J F, Ross E W, Radavich J F.Long time stability of Inconel 718[J]. J. Met., 1970, 22: 31
[7]	Mei Y P, Liu Y C, Liu C X, et al.Effect of base metal and welding speed on fusion zone microstructure and HAZ hot-cracking of electron-beam welded Inconel 718[J]. Mater. Des., 2016, 89: 964
[8]	Zhang H J, Li C, Liu Y C, et al.Effect of hot deformation on γ″ and δ phase precipitation of Inconel 718 alloy during deformation&isothermal treatment[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 716: 65
[9]	Zhang H J, Li C, Guo Q Y, et al.Hot tensile behavior of cold-rolled Inconel 718 alloy at 650 ℃: The role of δ phase[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A722: 136
[10]	Thomas J P, Montheillet F, Dumont C. Microstructural evolutions of superalloy 718 during dynamic and metadynamic recrystallizations [J]. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2003, 426-432: 791
[11]	Lin Y C, Wu X Y, Chen X M, et al.EBSD study of a hot deformed nickel-based superalloy[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2015, 640: 101
[12]	Azarbarmas M, Aghaie-Khafri M, Cabrera J M, et al.Dynamic recrystallization mechanisms and twining evolution during hot deformation of Inconel 718[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2016, A678: 137
[13]	Thomas J P, Bauchet E, Dumont C, et al.EBSD investigation and modeling of the microstructural evolutions of superalloy 718 during hot deformation [A]. Superalloys 2004[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 2004: 959
[14]	Zhang J M, Gao Z Y, Zhuang J Y, et al.Mathematical modeling of the hot-deformation behavior of superalloy IN718[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 1999, 30A: 2701
[15]	De Jaeger J, Solas D, Fandeur O, et al.3D numerical modeling of dynamic recrystallization under hot working: Application to Inconel 718[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A646: 33
[16]	Schwant R C, Thamboo S V, Anderson A F, et al.Large 718 forgings for land based turbines [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 1997: 141
[17]	Uginet J F, Jackson J J.Alloy 718 forging development for large land-based gas turbines [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 2005: 57
[18]	Uginet J F, Pieraggi B.Study of secondary grain growth on 718 alloy [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 1997: 343
[19]	Zouari M, Logé R, Bozzolo N.In situ characterization of Inconel 718 post-dynamic recrystallization within a scanning slectron microscope[J]. Metals, 2017, 7: 476
[20]	Zouari M, Logé R E, Beltran O, et al.Multipass forging of Inconel 718 in the delta-supersolvus domain: Assessing and modeling microstructure evolution [A]. 2nd European Symposium on Superalloys and Their Applications[C]. Giens, France: EDP Sciences, 2014: 12001
[21]	Chen X M, Lin Y C, Wu F.EBSD study of grain growth behavior and annealing twin evolution after full recrystallization in a nickel-based superalloy[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2017, 724: 198
[22]	Desvallées Y, Bouzidi M, Bois F, et al.Delta phase in Inconel 718: Mechanical properties and forging process requirements [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1994: 281
[23]	Ruiz C, Obabueki A, Gillespie K.Evaluation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of delta processed alloy 718 [A]. Superalloys 1992[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 1992: 33
[24]	Watson R, Preuss M, da Fonseca J Q, et al. Characterization of abnormal grain coarsening in Alloy 718 [A]. 2nd European Symposium on Superalloys and Their Applications[C]. Giens, France: EDP Sciences, 2014: 07004
[25]	Zhang H J, Li C, Guo Q Y, et al.Delta precipitation in wrought Inconel 718 alloy; the role of dynamic recrystallization[J]. Mater. Charact., 2017, 133: 138
[26]	Dye D, Conlon K T, Reed R C.Characterization and modeling of quenching-induced residual stresses in the nickel-based superalloy IN718[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2004, 35A: 1703
[27]	Dahan Y, Nouveau S, Georges E, et al.Residual stresses in Inconel 718 engine disks [A]. 2nd European Symposium on Superalloys and Their Applications[C]. Giens, France: EDP Sciences, 2014: 10003
[28]	Rist M A, James J A, Tin S, et al.Residual stresses in a quenched superalloy turbine disc: Measurements and modeling[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2006, 37A: 459
[29]	Qin H L, Bi Z N, Yu H Y, et al.Influence of stress on γ″ precipitation behavior in Inconel 718 during aging[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 740: 997
[30]	Qin H L, Bi Z N, Yu H Y, et al.Assessment of the stress-oriented precipitation hardening designed by interior residual stress during ageing in IN718 superalloy[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A728: 183
[31]	Sun S B, Zheng L J, Liu J H, et al.Selective laser melting of an Al-Fe-V-Si alloy: Microstructural evolution and thermal stability[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33: 389
[32]	Murr L E.Frontiers of 3D printing/additive manufacturing: From human organs to aircraft fabrication[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2016, 32: 987
[33]	Song K, Yu K, Lin X, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of heat treatment laser solid forming superalloy Inconel 718[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2015, 51: 935(宋衎, 喻凯, 林鑫等. 热处理态激光立体成形Inconel 718高温合金的组织及力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51: 935)
[34]	Yap C Y, Chua C K, Dong Z L, et al.Review of selective laser melting: Materials and applications[J]. Appl. Phys. Rev., 2015, 2: 041101
[35]	Wang X Q, Gong X B, Chou K.Review on powder-bed laser additive manufacturing of Inconel 718 parts[J]. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., 2016, 231B: 1890
[36]	Lu Z L, Cao J W, Jing H, et al.Review of main manufacturing processes of complex hollow turbine blades[J]. Virtual Phys. Prototyping, 2013, 8: 87
[37]	Zhang J L, Guo Q Y, Liu Y C, et al.Effect of cold rolling and first precipitates on the coarsening behavior of γ″-phases in Inconel 718 alloy[J]. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 2016, 239: 1087
[38]	Zhang H J, Li C, Liu Y C, et al.Precipitation behavior during high-temperature isothermal compressive deformation of Inconel 718 alloy[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2016, A677: 515
[39]	Lingenfelter A.Welding of Inconel alloy 718: A historical overview [A]. Superalloy 718—Metallurgy and Applications[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 1989: 673
[40]	Chlebus E, Gruber K, Ku?nicka B, et al.Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 processed by selective laser melting[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A639: 647
[41]	DebRoy T, Wei H L, Zuback J S, et al. Additive manufacturing of metallic components—Process, structure and properties[J]. Prog. Mater. Sci., 2018, 92: 112
[42]	Wang Z M, Guan K, Gao M, et al.The microstructure and mechanical properties of deposited-IN718 by selective laser melting[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2012, 513: 518
[43]	Parimi L L, Ravi G A, Clark D, et al.Microstructural and texture development in direct laser fabricated IN718[J]. Mater. Charact., 2014, 89: 102
[44]	Tucho W M, Cuvillier P, Sjolyst-Kverneland A, et al.Microstructure and hardness studies of Inconel 718 manufactured by selective laser melting before and after solution heat treatment[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A689: 220
[45]	Jia Q B, Gu D D.Selective laser melting additive manufacturing of Inconel 718 superalloy parts: Densification, microstructure and properties[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 585: 713
[46]	Trosch T, Str??ner J, V?lkl R, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted Inconel 718 compared to forging and casting[J]. Mater. Lett., 2016, 164: 428
[47]	Schneider J, Lund B, Fullen M.Effect of heat treatment variations on the mechanical properties of Inconel 718 selective laser melted specimens[J]. Addit. Manuf., 2018, 21: 248
[48]	Hautfenne C, Nardone S, Bruycher E D.Influence of heat treatments and build orientation on the creep strength of additive manufactured IN718 [A]. 4th International ECCC Conference[C]. Düsseldorf, Germany: Steel Institute VDEh, 2017: 1
[49]	Pr?bstle M, Neumeier S, Hopfenmüller J, et al.Superior creep strength of a nickel-based superalloy produced by selective laser melting[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2016, A674: 299
[50]	Yoo Y S J, Book T A, Sangid M D, et al. Identifying strain localization and dislocation processes in fatigued Inconel 718 manufactured from selective laser melting[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A724: 444
[51]	Kone?ná R, Kunz L, Nicoletto G, et al.Long fatigue crack growth in Inconel 718 produced by selective laser melting[J]. Int. J. Fatigue, 2016, 92: 499
[52]	Zhou Z J, Hua X, Li C P, et al.The effects of texture on the low cycle fatigue property of Inconel 718 by selective laser melting [A]. 12th International Fatigue Congress[C]. Poitiers Futuroscope, France: EDP Sciences, 2018: 02007
[53]	Thijs L, Sistiaga M L M, Wauthle R, et al. Strong morphological and crystallographic texture and resulting yield strength anisotropy in selective laser melted tantalum[J]. Acta Mater., 2013, 61: 4657
[54]	Popovich V A, Borisov E V, Popovich A A, et al.Functionally graded Inconel 718 processed by additive manufacturing: Crystallographic texture, anisotropy of microstructure and mechanical properties[J]. Mater. Des., 2017, 114: 441
[55]	Ni M, Chen C, Wang X J, et al.Anisotropic tensile behavior of in situ precipitation strengthened Inconel 718 fabricated by additive manufacturing[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A701: 344
[56]	Deng D Y, Peng R L, Brodin H, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 produced by selective laser melting: Sample orientation dependence and effects of post heat treatments[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A713: 294
[57]	Sangid M D, Book T A, Naragani D, et al.Role of heat treatment and build orientation in the microstructure sensitive deformation characteristics of IN718 produced via SLM additive manufacturing[J]. Addit. Manuf., 2018, 22: 479
[58]	Reed R C, translated by He Y H, Zhao W X, Qu S Y. Superalloys Fundamentals and Applications [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2016: 224(Reed R C著, 何玉怀, 赵文侠, 曲士昱译. 高温合金基础与应用 [M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2016: 224)
[59]	Xiao L, Chen D L, Chaturvedi M C.Shearing of γ″ precipitates and formation of planar slip bands in Inconel 718 during cyclic deformation[J]. Scr. Mater., 2005, 52: 603
[60]	Sundararaman M, Mukhopadhyay P, Banerjee S.Deformation behaviour of γ″ strengthened Inconel 718[J]. Acta Metall., 1988, 36: 847
[61]	McAllister D, Lv D, Deutchman H, et al. Characterization and modeling of deformation mechanisms in Ni-base superalloy 718 [A]. Superalloys 2016[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 2016: 821
[62]	Tanimura M, Koyama Y.The role of antiphase boundaries in the kinetic process of the L12→D022 structural change of an Ni3Al0.45V0.50 alloy[J]. Acta Mater., 2006, 54: 4385
[63]	Sundararaman M, Mukhopadhyay P, Banerjee S.Some aspects of the precipitation of metastable intermetallic phases in Inconel 718[J]. Metall. Trans., 1992, 23A: 2015
[64]	Yuan Y, Gu Y F, Zhong Z H.Controlling the deformation mechanism in disk superalloys at low and intermediate temperatures [A]. Superalloys 2012[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 2012: 35
[65]	Kovarik L, Unocic R R, Li J, et al.Microtwinning and other shearing mechanisms at intermediate temperatures in Ni-based superalloys[J]. Prog. Mater. Sci., 2009, 54: 839
[66]	Kear B H, Oblak J M, Giamei A F.Stacking faults in gamma prime Ni3(Al, Ti) precipitation hardened nickel-base alloys[J]. Metall. Trans., 1970, 1: 2477
[67]	Raynor D, Silcock J M.Strengthening Mechanisms in γ′-precipitating alloys[J]. Met. Sci. J., 1970, 4: 121
[68]	Kear B H, Oblak J M.Deformation modes in γ′ precipitation hardened nickel-base alloys[J]. J. Phys. Colloq., 1974, 35: 35
[69]	Jena A K.On the stability of precipitating phases in nickel base superalloys[J]. Mater. Sci. Forum, 1985, 3: 281
[70]	Pope D P, Ezz S S.Mechanical properties of Ni3AI and nickel-base alloys with high volume fraction of γ′[J]. Int. Met. Rev., 1984, 29: 136
[71]	McAllister D, Lv D, Peterson B, et al. Lower temperature deformation mechanisms in a γ″-strengthened Ni-base superalloy[J]. Scr. Mater., 2016, 115: 108
[72]	Lv D C, McAllister D, Mills M J, et al. Deformation mechanisms of D022 ordered intermetallic phase in superalloys[J]. Acta Mater., 2016, 118: 350
[73]	Phillips P J, McAllister D, Gao Y, et al. Nano γ′/γ″ composite precipitates in Alloy 718[J]. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2012, 100: 211913
[74]	Schafrik R E, Ward D D, Groh J R.Application of alloy 718 in GE aircraft engines: Past, present and next five years [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 2001: 1
[75]	Wang H P, Zheng C H, Zou P F, et al.Density determination and simulation of Inconel 718 alloy at normal and metastable liquid states[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34: 436
[76]	Furrer D, Fecht H.Ni-based superalloys for turbine discs[J]. JOM, 1999, 51(1): 14
[77]	Collier J P, Wong S H, Phillips J C, et al.The effect of varying AI, Ti, and Nb content on the phase stability of Inconel 718[J]. Metall. Trans., 1988, 19A: 1657
[78]	Cozar R, Pineau A.Morphology of γ′ and γ″ precipitates and thermal stability of Inconel 718 type Alloys[J]. Metall. Trans., 1973, 4: 47
[79]	Groh J R, Radavich J F.Effects of iron, nickel, and cobalt on precipitation hardening of alloy 718 [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 1991: 351
[80]	Kennedy R L.Allvac? 718PlusTM, superalloy for the next forty years [A]. Superalloys 718, 625 706 and Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 2005: 1
[81]	Cao W D, Kennedy R L.Role of chemistry in 718-type alloys—Allvac 718Plus alloy development [A]. Superalloys 2004[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 2004: 91
[82]	Ott E A, Groh J, Sizek H.Metals affordability initiative: Application of Allvac alloy 718PlusTM for aircraft engine static structural components [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 2005: 35
[83]	Cao W D, Kennedy R L.New developments in wrought 718-type superalloys[J]. Acta Metall. Sin.(Engl. Lett.), 2005, 18: 39
[84]	Srinivasan D, LawLess L U, Ott E A. Experimental determination of TTT diagram for alloy 718Plus [A]. 12th International Symposium on Superalloys[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 2012: 759
[85]	Pickering E J, Mathur H, Bhowmik A, et al.Grain-boundary precipitation in Allvac 718Plus[J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60: 2757
[86]	Xie X S, Wang G L, Dong J X, et al.Structure stability study on a newly developed nickel-base superalloy-Allvac 718Plus [A]. Superalloys 718, 625, 706 and Various Derivatives[C]. Pittsburgh, PA: TMS, 2005: 179
[87]	Krakow R, Johnstone D N, Eggeman A S, et al.On the crystallography and composition of topologically close-packed phases in ATI 718Plus? [J]. Acta Mater., 2017, 130: 271
[88]	Axter S E, Polonis D H.The influence of cobalt, iron and aluminum on the precipitation of metastable phases in the Ni-Ta system[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1983, 60: 151
[89]	He J, Han G, Fukuyama S, et al.Interfaces in a modified Inconel 718 with compact precipitates[J]. Acta Mater., 1998, 46: 215
[90]	Manriquez J A, Bretz P L, Rabenberg L, et al.The high temperature stability of In718 derivative alloys [A]. Superalloys 1992[C]. Champion, PA: TMS, 1992: 507
[91]	Detor A J, DiDomizio R, Moshtaghin R S, et al. Enabling large superalloy parts using compact coprecipitation of γ′ and γ″[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2018, 49A: 708
[92]	Mignanelli P M, Jones N G, Pickering E J, et al.Gamma-gamma prime-gamma double prime dual-superlattice superalloys[J]. Scr. Mater., 2017, 136: 136
[93]	Mignanelli P M, Jones N G, Hardy M C, et al.On the time-temperature-transformation behavior of a new dual-superlattice nickel-based superalloy[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2018, 49A: 699

[1]	ZHAO Peng, XIE Guang, DUAN Huichao, ZHANG Jian, DU Kui. Recrystallization During Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue of Two High-Generation Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1221-1229.
[2]	CHANG Songtao, ZHANG Fang, SHA Yuhui, ZUO Liang. Recrystallization Texture Competition Mediated by Segregation Element in Body-Centered Cubic Metals[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(8): 1065-1074.
[3]	LI Fulin, FU Rui, BAI Yunrui, MENG Lingchao, TAN Haibing, ZHONG Yan, TIAN Wei, DU Jinhui, TIAN Zhiling. Effects of Initial Grain Size and Strengthening Phase on Thermal Deformation and Recrystallization Behavior of GH4096 Superalloy[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(7): 855-870.
[4]	ZHANG Dongyang, ZHANG Jun, LI Shujun, REN Dechun, MA Yingjie, YANG Rui. Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Porous Ti55531 Alloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 647-656.
[5]	HOU Juan, DAI Binbin, MIN Shiling, LIU Hui, JIANG Menglei, YANG Fan. Influence of Size Design on Microstructure and Properties of 304L Stainless Steel by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 623-635.
[6]	XU Lei, TIAN Xiaosheng, WU Jie, LU Zhengguan, YANG Rui. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Powder Alloy Prepared by Hot Isostatic Pressing[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 693-702.
[7]	TANG Weineng, MO Ning, HOU Juan. Research Progress of Additively Manufactured Magnesium Alloys: A Review[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(2): 205-225.
[8]	LOU Feng, LIU Ke, LIU Jinxue, DONG Hanwu, LI Shubo, DU Wenbo. Microstructures and Formability of the As-Rolled Mg- xZn-0.5Er Alloy Sheets at Room Temperature[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(11): 1439-1447.
[9]	QI Zhao, WANG Bin, ZHANG Peng, LIU Rui, ZHANG Zhenjun, ZHANG Zhefeng. Effects of Stress Ratio on the Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Under Steady State of Selective Laser Melted TC4 Alloy with Defects[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(10): 1411-1418.
[10]	LU Haifei, LV Jiming, LUO Kaiyu, LU Jinzhong. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy by Laser Integrated Additive Manufacturing with Alternately Thermal/Mechanical Effects[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 125-135.
[11]	WANG Meng, YANG Yongqiang, Trofimov Vyacheslav, SONG Changhui, ZHOU Hanxiang, WANG Di. Effects of Particle Size on Processability of AlSi10Mg Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 147-156.
[12]	ZHU Guoliang, KONG Decheng, ZHOU Wenzhe, HE Jian, DONG Anping, SHU Da, SUN Baode. Research Progress on the Crack Formation Mechanism and Cracking-Free Design of γ' Phase Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 16-30.
[13]	PENG Liming, DENG Qingchen, WU Yujuan, FU Penghuai, LIU Ziyi, WU Qianye, CHEN Kai, DING Wenjiang. Additive Manufacturing of Magnesium Alloys by Selective Laser Melting Technology: A Review[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 31-54.
[14]	YANG Chao, LU Haizhou, MA Hongwei, CAI Weisi. Research and Development in NiTi Shape Memory Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(1): 55-74.
[15]	YANG Tianye, CUI Li, HE Dingyong, HUANG Hui. Enhancement of Microstructure and Mechanical Property of AlSi10Mg-Er-Zr Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(9): 1108-1117.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed