The micro-actuater materials are needed urgently in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) which are developing rapidly. The melt-spun Ti-Ni shape memory alloy ribbons have become candidate materials since their fast heat response and large acting density. The bulk Ti-47Ni (atom fraction, %) shape memory alloy is an ideal material to make thermosensitive actuators since its one-stage martensitic transformation and small temperature hysteresis. In order to develop the micro-actuator materials with fast response using in MEMS, the chilled Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt-spinning in this research. The effects of the roller speed and the annealing processes on microstructure, phase composition, phase transformation behaviors and shape memory effect of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons were investigated by CLSM, XRD, DSC and bending test. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast and 300~800 ℃ annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons fabricated under different roller speeds is vertically and horizontally arrayed columnar. The higher the roller speed, the finer the grain is. The annealing processes do nearly affect the microstructure of the alloy ribbons. The composition phases of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons are martensite (B19' phase, monoclinic structure) and parent phase (B2 phase, CsCl-type structure). The B2→B19'/B19'→B2 type one-stage martensitic transformation occurs in Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons upon cooling and heating, the martensitic transformation temperature and the reverse martensitic transformation temperature are about 54 and 81 ℃, respectively, and the temperature hysteresis is about 27 ℃. With increasing the roller speed, the martensitic transformation temperatures of the alloy ribbons decrease, and the recovery rate of shape memory of the alloy ribbons increases. With increasing the annealing temperature, the transformation behaviors of the alloy ribbons change a little, and the recovery rate of shape memory changes in the range of 93%~98%. The as-cast and annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons are all of excellent shape memory effect.
Fund: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFE0111400), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No.2012JM6016), Scientific Research Program of Hanzhong City (No.HZGXW1602) and Innovation Fund Program of Graduate Student of Shaanxi University of Technology (No.SLGYCX1823)
Fig.1 Effects of roller speed on microstructure of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons (a) 500 r/min (b) 1000 r/min (c) 1500 r/min
Fig.2 Effects of annealing temperature on microstructure of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons fabricated under roller speed of 1000 r/min (a) 300 ℃ (b) 400 ℃ (c) 500 ℃ (d) 600 ℃ (e) 700 ℃ (f) 800 ℃
Fig.3 XRD spectra of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons under different roller speeds (a) and annealing temperatures (b)
Fig.4 Effects of roller speed on DSC curves (a), transformation peak temperature upon cooling and heating TM, TA and temperature hysteresis ΔT (b) of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons
Fig.5 Effects of annealing temperature on DSC curves (a) and TM, TA and ΔT (b) of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons fabricated under roller speed of 1000 r/min
Fig.6 Effects of annealing holding time on DSC curves (a) and TM, TA and ΔT (b) of 500 ℃ annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons fabricated under roller speed of 1000 r/min
Fig.7 Original macrostructures (a, d), deformed macrostructures (b, e) and recovery macrostructures after heating (c, f) of as-cast Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons under roller speeds of 1000 r/min (a~c) and 1500 r/min (d~f)
Fig.8 Original macrostructure (a), deformed macrostructure (b) and recovery macrostructure after heating (c) of 800 ℃ annealed Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons
Fig.9 Effect of annealing temperature on recovery rate of shape memory of Ti-47Ni alloy ribbons
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