异构金属材料的设计与制造

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00370

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (11): 1399-1415 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00370

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

异构金属材料的设计与制造

张显程(

), 张勇, 李晓, 王梓萌, 贺琛贇, 陆体文, 王晓坤, 贾云飞, 涂善东

华东理工大学承压系统与安全教育部重点实验室上海 200237

Design and Manufacture of Heterostructured Metallic Materials

ZHANG Xiancheng(

), ZHANG Yong, LI Xiao, WANG Zimeng, HE Chenyun, LU Tiwen, WANG Xiaokun, JIA Yunfei, TU Shantung

Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

引用本文:

张显程, 张勇, 李晓, 王梓萌, 贺琛贇, 陆体文, 王晓坤, 贾云飞, 涂善东. 异构金属材料的设计与制造[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(11): 1399-1415.
Xiancheng ZHANG, Yong ZHANG, Xiao LI, Zimeng WANG, Chenyun HE, Tiwen LU, Xiaokun WANG, Yunfei JIA, Shantung TU. Design and Manufacture of Heterostructured Metallic Materials[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(11): 1399-1415.

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摘要:

通过构筑金属异构材料以实现强韧均衡的材料设计和制造方法,已成为机械工程和材料科学等领域的前沿方向与研究热点。近年来,对异构金属材料内部多种强韧化机制的理解已逐渐深入,而建立强韧化增益效果与微观结构特征参量的定量关联,进而指导强韧化工艺研发,对异构金属材料的设计理论、制造成形及性能表征具有重要意义。本文主要综述了近年来异构金属材料的微观结构调控理论基础与常用制造工艺的进展。首先按照微观调控手段对异构金属材料进行分类,随后综述了异构金属材料微观结构调控的若干理论基础,最后以“自上而下”和“自下而上”对强韧化工艺进行分类,介绍了常见的异构金属材料制备工艺方法。在此基础上,对异构金属材料设计与制造面临的挑战和发展方向进行了讨论与展望。

关键词 ：异构金属材料, 强韧化, 背应力, 微观结构设计, 制备工艺

Abstract：

The design and manufacture of heterostructured metallic materials for the balanced improvement of strength and ductility by interior microstructure construction have been the research frontiers and focus in mechanical engineering and materials science. Recently, the understanding of multiple hardening mechanisms in heterostructured metallic materials has progressively advanced. Although establishing quantitative relationships between hardening effects and microstructural parameters and further instructing the research and development of manufacturing for a superior combination between strength and ductility will be of significant value to the design theory, the manufacturing processes and property characterization of heterostructured metallic materials are crucial. In this article, the research progress on the theoretical foundations of designing microstructures and manufacturing processes for heterostructured metallic materials was reviewed. First, the heterostructured metallic materials from the perspective of their microstructural regulation method were categorized. Second, the theoretical foundations for the microstructural regulation of heterostructured materials were reviewed. Third, the manufacturing process for heterostructured materials was classified in terms of the up-bottom and bottom-up approaches as well as reviewed. Finally, the challenges and future development of the design and manufacture of heterostructured metallic materials were addressed.

Key words： heterostructured metallic material strength and ductility back stress microstructural design manufacturing process

收稿日期: 2022-08-04

ZTFLH:

TH114

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51725503)

作者简介: 张显程,男,1979年生,教授,博士

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	张显程
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	李晓
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	贺琛贇
	陆体文
	王晓坤
	贾云飞
	涂善东
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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00370 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I11/1399

图1 异构金属材料的分类[19~23,25,26]

图2 均匀结构与异构金属材料强韧性示意图[11,19,20,22,25~28,30]

图3 背应力计算方法与机理示意图[33,35]

图4 微观结构特征参量对异构金属材料力学性能的影响[26,38,50]

图5 软相排布对力学性能的影响[62]

图6 微观结构参数对纳米孪晶金属力学性能的影响[63,71,72,74]

图7 孪晶厚度对多级孪晶金属力学性能的影响[76,77]

图8 异质金属材料制造技术手段的分类原理图

图9 表面强化工艺示意图以及其主要的工艺参数[29,84,87,89,91]

图10 块体剧烈塑性变形工艺以及其主要的工艺参数[96,99,100,103]

图11 自下而上设计法及其主要工艺参数[104,107,108,119]

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