固态相变和软化效应对超高强钢焊接残余应力的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00243

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (12): 1613-1623 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00243

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

固态相变和软化效应对超高强钢焊接残余应力的影响

王重阳¹, 韩世伟², 谢峰², 胡龙¹, 邓德安¹(

)

¹重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆 400045
²重庆铁马工业集团有限公司重庆 400050

Influence of Solid-State Phase Transformation and Softening Effect on Welding Residual Stress of Ultra-High Strength Steel

WANG Chongyang¹, HAN Shiwei², XIE Feng², HU Long¹, DENG Dean¹(

)

¹College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
²Chongqing Tiema Industries Group Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400050, China

引用本文:

王重阳, 韩世伟, 谢峰, 胡龙, 邓德安. 固态相变和软化效应对超高强钢焊接残余应力的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1613-1623.
Chongyang WANG, Shiwei HAN, Feng XIE, Long HU, Dean DENG. Influence of Solid-State Phase Transformation and Softening Effect on Welding Residual Stress of Ultra-High Strength Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(12): 1613-1623.

全文: PDF(2210 KB) HTML

摘要:

以板厚为5 mm的1600 MPa级超高强钢为研究对象，采用熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)焊接方法和ER307Si焊丝制备了单道对接接头，分别利用盲孔法和显微硬度仪测量残余应力和接头硬度分布。基于接头热影响区和软化区的硬度测量结果，以SYSWELD软件为平台，开发了考虑超高强钢固态相变和软化效应以及焊缝金属加工硬化和退火软化的“热-冶金-力学”多场耦合的有限元计算方法。采用该方法模拟了超高强钢单道对接接头的温度场及残余应力，并与实验结果进行了比较。基于数值模拟结果探讨了固态相变和软化效应对焊接残余应力的影响机制。数值模拟结果表明，固态相变对纵向残余应力的大小和分布有显著影响；对横向残余应力的大小和分布有一定程度的影响。软化效应对纵向残余应力的峰值有较显著的影响，对横向残余应力几乎没有影响。将数值模拟结果与实验结果比较可知，在同时考虑固态相变和软化效应的情况下，平板对接接头的焊接残余应力计算结果与实验测量结果最为吻合。

关键词 ：超高强钢, 固态相变, 软化效应, 焊接残余应力, 数值模拟

Abstract：

In recent years, ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) has been widely utilized in engineering structures, mining machinery, and military equipment. However, UHSS is prone to brittle fracture and fatigue failure due to high strength and relatively low plasticity. Moreover, residual stress induced by welding process affects both brittle fracture and fatigue failure. In this work, a single-pass butt-welded joint was fabricated by metal inert-gas welding. The base metal was 1600 MPa grade UHSS with a 5 mm thickness, and the filler metal was ER307Si. The distributions of welding residual stress and hardness of the butt-welded joint were measured using the hole drilling method and a microhardness tester, respectively. Based on measured values of hardness in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and softening zone (SZ), SYSWELD software was used to develop an advanced computational approach with consideration of “thermal-metallurgical-mechanical” coupling behaviors. In addition to the strain hardening and annealing effects of weld metal, the established computational model accounted for both the solid-state phase transformation (SSPT) of HAZ and softening effect of SZ. The temperature field and residual stress distribution of the UHSS single-pass butt-welded joint were simulated. Furthermore, the simulated results were compared with the corresponding measured data. The simulation results revealed the effect of SSPT and softening on welding residual stress. The numerical results indicated that SSPT has a strong influence on both the magnitude and distribution of the longitudinal residual stress; however, it has a limited effect on transverse residual stress. Meanwhile, the softening effect drastically affects the peak values of the longitudinal residual stress, while it hardly influences transverse residual stress. When both SSPT and softening effects are simultaneously considered in the numerical model, the computed results of welding residual stress are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.

Key words： ultra-high strength steel solid-state phase transformation softening effect welding residual stress numerical simulation

收稿日期: 2022-05-13

ZTFLH:

TG404

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51875063)

通讯作者: 邓德安，deandeng@cqu.edu.cn，主要从事计算焊接力学、焊接物理冶金及结构完整性等方面的研究

作者简介: 王重阳，男，1996年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00243 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I12/1613

图1 焊接试件几何尺寸示意图

图2 应变片布置位置示意图

图3 显微硬度测量点位置示意图

图4 有限元模型示意图

图5 超高强钢的热物理性能参数

图6 超高强淬火钢加热和冷却过程中的温度-应变曲线

图7 软化模型示意图

图8 超高强钢的力学性能参数

表1 计算案例

图9 焊接接头的显微硬度分布

图10 焊接温度循环计算结果和实验结果对比

图11 沿L1的峰值温度分布

图12 上表面、中央断面和中央断面上表面示意图

图13 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的上表面纵向残余应力云图

图14 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的中央断面纵向残余应力云图

图15 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的中央断面上表面纵向应力分布计算结果与实验测量结果对比

图16 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的上表面横向残余应力云图

图17 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的中央断面横向残余应力云图

图18 超高强钢对接接头3种计算案例的中央断面上表面横向应力分布计算结果与实验测量结果对比

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