Er微合金化对2055 Al-Li合金微观组织及力学性能的影响<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00537

金属学报

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (7): 821-830 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00537

论文

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Er微合金化对2055 Al-Li合金微观组织及力学性能的影响^*

李劲风¹(

),刘丹阳¹,郑子樵¹,陈永来²,张绪虎²

1 中南大学材料科学与工程学院, 长沙 410083。
2 航天材料及工艺研究所, 北京 100076。

EFFECT OF Er MICRO-ALLOYING ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF 2055 Al-Li ALLOY

Jinfeng LI¹(

),Danyang LIU¹,Ziqiao ZHENG¹,Yonglai CHEN²,Xuhu ZHANG²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
2 Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China.

引用本文:

李劲风,刘丹阳,郑子樵,陈永来,张绪虎. Er微合金化对2055 Al-Li合金微观组织及力学性能的影响^*[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(7): 821-830.
Jinfeng LI, Danyang LIU, Ziqiao ZHENG, Yonglai CHEN, Xuhu ZHANG. EFFECT OF Er MICRO-ALLOYING ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF 2055 Al-Li ALLOY[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(7): 821-830.

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摘要:

研究了0.2%及0.4%Er的添加对2055 Al-Li合金T8态时效 (6%预变形+160 ℃时效)微观组织和力学性能的影响. 结果表明, 0.2%Er添加显著降低合金强度, 但延伸率略有增加. 微量Er添加未改变Al-Li合金中时效析出相的种类, 主要强化相仍然为T1相 (Al₂CuLi)及θ'相 (Al₂Cu), 但时效析出相的数量明显减少, 同时时效析出的响应速度减缓. 2055 Al-Li合金中添加微量Er, 凝固时可形成Al₈Cu₄Er相粒子, 这些粒子在后续均匀化及固溶处理时均难以完全溶解至固溶体中, 导致固溶基体中Cu含量降低, 因而时效时含Cu析出相T1相及θ'相含量减少, 合金强度降低.

关键词 ： 2055 Al-Li合金, Er微合金化, 微观组织, 强度

Abstract：

Al-Li alloys are considered as the ideal structural materials for aerospace industry because of their low density, high specific strength and specific elastic modulus as well as low fatigue crack growth rate and good low temperature performance. 2055 Al-Li alloy among new Al-Li alloys developed recently is a super-high strength Al-Li alloy. An important method to improve the performance of Al-Li alloys is to add micro-alloying elements. Er-microalloying in Al alloy has been investigated much, but the study on Al-Li alloy is still seldom reported. In this work, the effect of 0.2%Er and 0.4%Er addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2055 Al-Li alloy sheet with T8 aging (6% cold rolling pre-deformation and aging at 160 ℃) were investigated. The results show that the addition of 0.2% Er significantly decreases the strength by about 50 MPa, but enhances the elongation; the strength is further decreased by about 100 MPa with the addition of 0.4%Er. The precipitate types in Er micro-alloyed Al-Li alloy are not changed with the addition of Er, and the aging precipitates are still T1 (Al₂CuLi) and θ' (Al₂Cu) phases. In the Er-microalloyed Al-Li alloy, the incubation time of T1 precipitate is longer, and its precipitation rate is decreased, accordingly the aging response is slowed. Meanwhile, under peak-aging condition, the fraction of T1 precipitates, especially θ' precipitates in the Er-microalloyed Al-Li alloy is decreased, which results in a decrease of strength. As Er is added to the Al-Li alloy, Er-contained particles Al₈Cu₄Er are formed during solidification process, and their amount is increased with the addition increasing. These particles cannot be completely dissolved into the alloy matrix during homogenization process. After solution treatment following cold rolling, they are not yet dissolved into the solid solution. These particles contain Cu and Er simultaneously, and the concentration of dissolved Cu in solid solution is therefore decreased. With increasing Er addition, the Cu concentration in solid solution is further decreased. The precipitation rate of T1 is consequently decreased, slowing the aging response of the Er-microalloyed Al-Li alloy. And this factor also decreases the fraction of T1 and θ' precipitates and lowers the alloy strength.

Key words： 2055 Al-Li alloy Er micro-alloying microstructure strength

收稿日期: 2015-10-18

基金资助:* 国家高技术研究发展计划项目2013AA032401和中南大学教师基金项目2013JSJJ001资助

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00537 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2016/V52/I7/821

表1 实验用Al-Li合金中的Cu, Li含量

图1 Al-Li合金在T8态时效(6%冷轧预变形+160 ℃时效)时力学性能随时效时间的变化曲线

图2 不含Er及含0.2%Er的Al-Li合金在160 ℃时效4 h后的SAED谱和TEM像

图3 不含Er及含0.2%Er的Al-Li合金T8峰时效时的TEM暗场像

图4 不同Er含量Al-Li合金铸态组织的BSE像

图5 含0.2%Er的Al-Li合金铸态组织中第二相粒子EDS分析

图6 不同Er含量Al-Li合金均匀化处理后的BSE像

图7 不含Er的2055 Al-Li合金均匀化组织的BSE像及第二相粒子的EDS分析

图8 含0.2%Er的Al-Li合金均匀化组织的BSE像及第二相粒子的EDS分析

图9 含0.4%Er的Al-Li合金铸态及均匀化后的XRD谱

图10 含0.2%Er的Al-Li合金及2055 Al-Li合金的BSE像

图11 含0.4% Er的Al-Li合金固溶处理后BSE像和未溶第二相粒子EDS分析

表2 Al-Li合金原始Cu和Li含量及固溶处理后固溶体的Cu和Li含量

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