含<strong>Zr</strong>镁合金晶粒细化机理与研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00241

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (2): 129-142 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00241

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

含Zr镁合金晶粒细化机理与研究进展

刘勇(

), 曾刚, 刘洪, 王煜, 李建龙

南昌大学先进制造学院江西省轻质高强结构材料重点实验室南昌 330031

Grain Refinement Mechanism and Research Progress of Magnesium Alloy Incorporating Zr

LIU Yong(

), ZENG Gang, LIU Hong, WANG Yu, LI Jianlong

Key Laboratory of Lightweight and High Strength Structural Materials of Jiangxi Province, School of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

引用本文:

刘勇, 曾刚, 刘洪, 王煜, 李建龙. 含Zr镁合金晶粒细化机理与研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(2): 129-142.
Yong LIU, Gang ZENG, Hong LIU, Yu WANG, Jianlong LI. Grain Refinement Mechanism and Research Progress of Magnesium Alloy Incorporating Zr[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(2): 129-142.

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摘要:

细晶强化是镁合金的主要强化方式。Zr是镁合金(不含Al、Si等元素)最有效的晶粒细化剂，通常以Mg-Zr中间合金的形式加入。如何调控Zr元素在Mg-Zr中间合金中的存在形态(颗粒Zr与溶质Zr)是实现含Zr镁合金晶粒有效细化的关键。本文综述了镁合金晶粒细化的理论研究，基于生长抑制理论与异质形核理论，探讨了溶质Zr与颗粒Zr细化镁合金的机理，指出了含Zr镁合金晶粒细化的工程应用瓶颈。从颗粒Zr与溶质Zr 2方面综述了镁合金晶粒细化的研究进展，提出了Zr细化镁合金晶粒的协同设计策略。最后，对Zr细化镁合金晶粒的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词 ：镁合金, 晶粒细化, 生长抑制, 异质形核, Mg-Zr中间合金

Abstract：

Grain refinement stands out as the primary strengthening mechanism in magnesium alloys. Zr emerges as the most effective grain refiner for magnesium alloys in the absence of Al, Si, etc. Typically, Zr is introduced in the form of an Mg-Zr master alloy. The crucial factor for achieving effective grain refinement in magnesium alloys incorporating Zr lies in regulating the morphology of Zr elements in the Mg-Zr master alloy, distinguishing between particle Zr and solute Zr. This study presents the theoretical groundwork for grain refinement. Drawing upon the growth restriction theory and heterogeneous nucleation theory, the refinement mechanism of soluble Zr and particle Zr on magnesium alloys is discussed. The discussion also identifies the engineering application bottleneck associated with Zr-refined magnesium alloys. A comprehensive review of advancements in Zr-refined magnesium alloy research is conducted, encompassing particle Zr and solute Zr. This review highlights the synergistic design strategy proposed for Zr-refined magnesium alloys. Ultimately, the anticipated development trends for Zr-refined magnesium alloys is prospected.

Key words： magnesium alloy grain refinement growth restriction heterogeneous nucleation Mg-Zr master alloy

收稿日期: 2023-06-02

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3501001);国家自然科学基金项目(52061028);江西省重大研发专项项目(20223BBE51021)

通讯作者: 刘勇，liuyong@ncu.edu.cn，主要从事高性能镁合金成形研究

Corresponding author: LIU Yong, professor, Tel: 13576087535, E-mail: liuyong@ncu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘勇，男，1980年生，教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2023.00241 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V60/I2/129

表1 镁合金中常用溶质元素的生长限制因子(Q)[25,45,46,58]

图1 重熔后镁合金中溶质Zr含量对晶粒尺寸的影响[73]

图2 Zr颗粒尺寸与镁合金临界形核过冷度的关系[79]及镁合金中Zr形核核心尺寸分布[71,79]

图3 镁合金Zr细化晶粒协同策略

图4 工业上应用Mg-Zr中间合金的显微组织及Zr颗粒尺寸分布

图5 在780℃下沉降和再次搅拌对Zr细化镁合金晶粒尺寸的影响[79]

图6 镁合金熔体Zr颗粒尺寸与沉降距离的关系

图7 不同Mg-Zr中间合金的组织形貌及使用不同中间合金细化的Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr合金晶粒尺寸[71](a) extruded rod-EX1 A (ED—extrusion direction)(b) extruded sheet-EX2 A(c) rolled sheet-RL7.5-0.5 A (RD—rolling direction)

表2 不同处理工艺下镁合金细化效果对比[71,80,82,84,86,87,90,93,96]

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