钛合金切削用Ti1-xAlxN涂层的制备及其切削性能研究*

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00454

金属学报

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (6): 741-746 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00454

论文

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钛合金切削用Ti_1-_xAl_xN涂层的制备及其切削性能研究^*

隋旭东¹(

),李国建¹,王强¹,秦学思¹,周向葵¹,王凯¹,左立建²

1 东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110819
2 中国石油大庆石化分公司炼油厂, 大庆 163714

PREPARATION OF Ti_1-_xAl_xN COATING IN CUTTING TITANIUM ALLOY AND ITS CUTTING PERFORMANCE

Xudong SUI¹(

),Guojian LI¹,Qiang WANG¹,Xuesi QIN¹,Xiangkui ZHOU¹,Kai WANG¹,Lijian ZUO²

1 Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
2 Petrochina Daqing Petrochemical Company Oil Refinery, Daqing 163714, China

引用本文:

隋旭东,李国建,王强,秦学思,周向葵,王凯,左立建. 钛合金切削用Ti_1-_xAl_xN涂层的制备及其切削性能研究^*[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(6): 741-746.
Xudong SUI, Guojian LI, Qiang WANG, Xuesi QIN, Xiangkui ZHOU, Kai WANG, Lijian ZUO. PREPARATION OF Ti_1-_xAl_xN COATING IN CUTTING TITANIUM ALLOY AND ITS CUTTING PERFORMANCE[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(6): 741-746.

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摘要:

采用磁控溅射法制备了不同Al含量的Ti_1-_xAl_xN涂层. 经XRD, SEM, EDX和纳米压痕仪分析发现, Al含量在0.50~0.58 (原子分数, 下同)之间时, Ti_1-_xAl_xN涂层为(111)择优生长的fcc结构. 当Al含量增加到0.63时, 涂层中有六方纤锌矿结构的AlN生成, 涂层硬度降低. 另外, 随着Al含量的增加, 涂层表面颗粒尺寸变大, 涂层变疏松. 钛合金切削实验表明, 涂层刀具的磨损形式主要为黏结磨损和崩刃. 在低速切削(65 m/min)时, Ti_0.50Al_0.50N涂层刀具的切削性能略好于无涂层刀具, 并且都好于Ti_0.42Al_0.58N和Ti_0.37Al_0.63N涂层刀具. 在高速切削(100 m/min)时, Ti_0.50Al_0.50N涂层刀具有最好的切削性能, 其切削距离比无涂层刀具提高4倍多. 这主要因为Ti_0.50Al_0.50N涂层表面致密、硬度高, 在钛合金切削时形成的切屑瘤致密而整齐.

关键词 ： Ti1-xAlxN, 磁控溅射, 硬质涂层, 钛合金切削, 磨损机理

Abstract：

High-strength lightweight titanium alloy structural materials have been widely used in aerospace and other industry. However, the titanium is hard to machine due to its characteristics of low thermal conductivity, high chemical affinity and low elastic modulus. Coating tools provide a solution to overcome the problem of cutting titanium alloy. Ti_1-_xAl_xN coating is one of the most popular candidates in cutting titanium alloy. However, the cutting performance and wear mechanism of the sputtering Ti_1-_xAl_xN coating should be studied further in order to meet the demands of cutting titanium alloy. In this work, Ti_1-_xAl_xN coatings with different Al contents have been prepared by magnetron sputtering. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings were examined by XRD, SEM, EDX and nanoindenter. Results show that the coatings is a single fcc structure with a (111) preferred orientation when x is in the range of 0.50~0.58 (atomic fraction). When the Al content is 0.63, the hexagonal AlN is formed in the coating and the hardness declines. In addition, the surface particle size of Ti_1-_xAl_xN coatings increases and the coating density decreases with increasing the Al content. The results of titanium cutting experiment indicate that the tool wear is mainly adhesive wear and chipping. The cutting performances of Ti_0.50Al_0.50N coated tool is slightly better than uncoated tool and are much better than those of Ti_0.42Al_0.58 and Ti_0.37Al_0.63N coated tools at a lower cutting speed (65 m/min). The cutting performance of Ti_0.50Al_0.50N coated tool is the best at a higher cutting speed of 100 m/min and is four times larger than that of uncoated tool. The excellent cutting performance of Ti_0.50Al_0.50N coating is mainly due to its high surface density and high hardness, which lead to the formation of regular and dense built-up edge during titanium cutting. Therefore, Ti_0.50Al_0.50N coating with a (111) preferred orientation, dense surface and relatively low Al content is recommended in high speed turning titanium.

Key words： Ti1-xAlxN magnetron sputtering hard coating titanium cutting wear mechanism

收稿日期: 2015-08-25

基金资助:*国家科技重大专项基金资助项目2012ZX04003061

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图1 不同Al含量的Ti1-xAlxN涂层的XRD谱

图2 Ti1-xAlxN涂层的表面SEM像

图3 不同Al含量的Ti1-xAlxN涂层的硬度和弹性模量

图4 车削钛合金速度为65和100 m/min时无涂层和不同Al含量涂层刀具的后刀面磨损量及磨损形貌

图5 车削钛合金速度为65 m/min时无涂层和不同Al 含量涂层刀具的后刀面磨损SEM像

图6 车削钛合金速度为100 m/min时无涂层和不同Al 含量涂层刀具的后刀面磨损SEM像

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