TiAl基合金非平衡凝固过程中的相选择及凝固特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2013.00441

金属学报

2013, Vol. 49

Issue (11): 1295-1302 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2013.00441

论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

TiAl基合金非平衡凝固过程中的相选择及凝固特征

胡锐,柳翊,张铁邦,寇宏超,李金山

西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室, 西安710072

PHASE SELECTION AND THE SOLIDIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS OF TiAl BASE ALLOYS IN THE NONEQUILIBRIUM SOLIDIFICATION

HU Rui, LIU Yi, ZHANG Tiebang, KOU Hongchao, LI Jinshan

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, NorthwesternPolytechnical University, Xi'an 710072

引用本文:

胡锐,柳翊,张铁邦,寇宏超,李金山. TiAl基合金非平衡凝固过程中的相选择及凝固特征[J]. 金属学报, 2013, 49(11): 1295-1302.
HU Rui, LIU Yi, ZHANG Tiebang, KOU Hongchao, LI Jinshan. PHASE SELECTION AND THE SOLIDIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS OF TiAl BASE ALLOYS IN THE NONEQUILIBRIUM SOLIDIFICATION[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2013, 49(11): 1295-1302.

全文: PDF(3386 KB)

摘要:

通过研究TiAl合金中不同Al含量和不同β相稳定元素含量的变化,分析了Al含量和β相稳定元素对TiAl合金初生相选择与凝固特征的影响.结果表明, 单一β相凝固的TiAl基合金含Al量低, 结晶温度范围窄, 凝固组织均匀细化.采用背散射法(BSE)观察并分析了不同过冷度下铸造TiAl基合金非平衡凝固的枝晶形貌,运用经典竞争形核理论研究了Ti48Al2Cr2Nb (原子分数, %)包晶合金非平衡凝固中β相与α相的形核与过冷度的关系,并计算了Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金深过冷凝固中的β相(bcc)和α相(hcp)的临界形核功及稳态形核率,结果表明, 在约15 K/s的冷速下, Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金在所能达到的过冷度(≤370 K)范围内凝固时,β相始终为领先相优先形核. 以过包晶凝固的TiAl基合金, 其Al含量高,结晶温度范围窄, 凝固枝晶细小, 趋向逐层凝固, 可减少并消除糊状凝固所造成的疏松和热裂趋势.β相稳定元素对凝固路径的影响取决于其Al当量,并可使TiAl合金的凝固路径从过包晶凝固转变为亚包晶凝固;过多的Al含量将导致铸造TiAl合金凝固组织中存在过多γ相,从而影响合金的强度和塑性.

关键词 ： TiAl基合金, 非平衡凝固, 相选择, 过冷, 初生相

Abstract：

The Al content and the β stabilizers in TiAl base alloys were investigated,which have an important effect on the solidification characteristics and phase selection.TiAl base alloys with single β-solidifying have the characteristics of low Al content and narrow crystallization temperature range. It is attributed to forming a homogeneous fine-grained microstructure. Dendrite morphology in TiAl base alloys is investigated by SEM-BSE in the nonequilibrium solidification conditions. The relationships between undercooling and nucleation of two phases are investigated systematically by using the classical nucleation theory in the undercooled Ti48Al2Cr2Nb (atomic fraction, %) peritectic alloy. By calculating the interfacial critical nucleation work and steady state nucleation rates of β phase (bcc) and α phase (hcp), it is obtained that β phase is always prior to nucleate from the Ti48Al2Cr2Nb undercooled melts at the cooling rate about 15 K/s in the achieved undercooling range. Due to narrow crystallization temperature range, microstructures of TiAl base alloys with high Al content as the hyper-peritectic solidification path take on the gradual solidification style and finer dendrite morphology. It is conducive to reducing and eliminating shrinkage porosity and hot cracking caused by mushy solidification. The β stabilizers have an important effect on solidification path depending on its Al equivalent and will change the solidification path of TiAl alloy from hyper--peritectic solidification to hypo-peritectic solidification. The overmuch Al content in TiAl base alloys leads to the formation of large number of massive γ phase impacting on strength and ductility of alloys.

Key words： TiAl base alloy nonequilibrium solidification phase selection undercooling, primary phase

收稿日期: 2013-07-25

基金资助:

国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目2011CB605503

作者简介: 胡锐, 男, 1968年生, 教授

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1037.2013.00441 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2013/V49/I11/1295

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