高合金化<strong>GH4151</strong>合金复杂析出相演变行为

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00375

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (6): 787-796 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00375

研究论文

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高合金化GH4151合金复杂析出相演变行为

王法, 江河(

), 董建新

北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院北京 100083

Evolution Behavior of Complex Precipitation Phases in Highly Alloyed GH4151 Superalloy

WANG Fa, JIANG He(

), DONG Jianxin

School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

引用本文:

王法, 江河, 董建新. 高合金化GH4151合金复杂析出相演变行为[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(6): 787-796.
Fa WANG, He JIANG, Jianxin DONG. Evolution Behavior of Complex Precipitation Phases in Highly Alloyed GH4151 Superalloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(6): 787-796.

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摘要:

利用OM、SEM及热力学计算等方法研究了GH4151合金在热处理过程中的组织演变行为。结果表明，高合金化导致合金的铸态组织复杂，包括Laves相、γ/γ′共晶、η相等低熔点相。由于各析出相的初熔温度不同，制定了三段式热处理，有效地消除了合金中的有害相。铸态GH4151合金中偏析元素Nb和Ti含量对低熔点相初熔温度的影响较大，Mo含量的影响相对较低，W含量的影响不明显。降低Ti含量，提高Nb、Mo含量可降低η相的初熔温度；提高Ti、Mo含量，降低Nb含量可降低Laves相的初熔温度。高含量的γ′相形成元素导致γ′相的组织演变行为具有冷却速率敏感性。15℃/min是GH4151合金中γ′相发生不规则生长的临界冷却速率。与低含量γ′相形成元素的合金相比，GH4151合金冷却速率高于15℃/min时，γ′相尺寸更大；冷却速率低于15℃/min时，γ′相不规则程度更高。高合金化的特点导致GH4151合金呈现复杂的组织演变行为。

关键词 ： GH4151合金, 热处理温度, 冷却速率, 组织演变

Abstract：

Designing high-performance aeroengine is important for development in the aviation industry. One of the key components is turbine disk material that can operate at 800^oC. Among various methods for strengthening alloys, increasing the alloying degree is important, and GH4151 is one of the typical alloys with a high alloying degree. It comprises a large number of refractory metal elements and γ'-forming elements. OM, SEM, and JMatPro software were used to study the sensitivity of GH4151 microstructure evolution during heat treatment processes. The results show that a high alloying degree produces a complex microstructure with low-melting phases, such as Laves, γ/γ′ eutectic, and η phases. Due to the difference in incipient melting temperature of each precipitated phase, a three-stage heat treatment was developed to effectively eliminate the harmful phases in the alloy. The contents of segregation elements Nb and Ti in the as-cast GH4151 alloy have an obvious influence on the incipient melting temperature, whereas the effect of Mo content is relatively slight, and that of W content is not obvious. Decreasing Ti content while increasing Nb and Mo contents could reduce the incipient melting temperature of the η phase. Furthermore, increasing Ti and Mo contents while decreasing Nb content could reduce the incipient melting temperature of Laves phase. A large amount of γ'-forming elements contributes to the cooling rate sensitivity of γ′ phase evolution. 15^oC/min is the critical value for the irregular growth of the γ' phase in the GH4151 alloy. When compared to alloys with low γ′-forming elements content, the γ′ phase in GH4151 alloy has a larger size when the cooling rate is > 15^oC/min, and exhibits an irregular shape when the cooling rate is < 15^oC/min. Thus, a high alloying degree contributes to the complex and sensitive microstructure evolution behavior of GH4151 alloy.

Key words： GH4151 superalloy heat treatment temperature cooling rate microstructure evolution

收稿日期: 2021-09-03

ZTFLH:

TG156.1

基金资助:高温结构材料重点实验室开放基金项目和中央高校基本科研业务费项目(FRF-TP-19-038A2)

通讯作者: 江河，jianghe@ustb.edu.cn，主要从事高温合金的研究

Corresponding author: JIANG He, associate professor, Tel:13811910685, E-mail: jianghe@ustb.edu.cn

作者简介: 王法，男，1995年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00375 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V59/I6/787

图1 GH4151合金凝固过程的元素分布及凝固路径的热力学计算结果

图2 GH4151合金铸态组织的OM像及SEM像

表1 铸态GH4151合金枝晶间各析出相的化学成分 (atomic fraction / %)

图3 GH4151合金不同温度保温10 min后水冷组织形貌的SEM像

图4 基于关键温度区间确立的热处理条件下GH4151合金显微组织的SEM像

图5 基于JMatPro热力学软件计算得到不同合金的γ'相析出行为

图6 过固溶态GH4151合金在不同冷却速率下γ'相形貌的SEM像(冷却速率≥炉冷)

图7 过固溶态GH4151合金在不同冷却速率下γ′相形貌的SEM像(冷却速率<炉冷)

图8 不同合金γ'相平均尺寸与冷却速率的关系

图9 过固溶态的不同高温合金以10℃/min冷却后的SEM像和不规则因子(ξ)

图10 偏析元素Ti、Nb、Mo和W含量对低熔点相初熔温度的影响

图11 γ'相冷却速率敏感性-合金化程度-冷却速率关联性示意图

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