新型耐热合金<strong>SP2215</strong>组织与性能的关联性

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00539

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (6): 797-811 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00539

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

新型耐热合金SP2215组织与性能的关联性

梁凯, 姚志浩(

), 谢锡善, 姚凯俊, 董建新

北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院北京 100083

Correlation Between Microstructure and Properties of New Heat-Resistant Alloy SP2215

LIANG Kai, YAO Zhihao(

), XIE Xishan, YAO Kaijun, DONG Jianxin

School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

引用本文:

梁凯, 姚志浩, 谢锡善, 姚凯俊, 董建新. 新型耐热合金SP2215组织与性能的关联性[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(6): 797-811.
Kai LIANG, Zhihao YAO, Xishan XIE, Kaijun YAO, Jianxin DONG. Correlation Between Microstructure and Properties of New Heat-Resistant Alloy SP2215[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(6): 797-811.

全文: PDF(7109 KB) HTML

摘要:

针对新型SP2215耐热合金，通过一系列持久及冲击实验，研究了其在不同温度和时间时效处理后组织与性能之间的关联性。结果表明，SP2215合金具有优良的高温组织稳定性，在时效过程中会析出富Cu相、MX相、NbCrN相和M₂₃C₆等多种纳米级析出相。在时效早期，随着时效温度升高和时效时间的延长，析出相迅速增多，由于析出相的强化作用，合金的强度迅速增加；同时，合金的冲击韧性显著降低，并发生沿晶断裂，JMA相变动力学模型定量计算表明其主要与M₂₃C₆碳化物在晶界的连续析出与长大有关。在时效后期，析出相逐渐保持稳定，无有害相析出，晶粒度始终保持在4.5~5级，优异的高温组织稳定性使得SP2215耐热合金在时效后期具有稳定的力学性能，650和700℃的1 × 10⁵ h持久强度分别达到120和70 MPa级别，可实现对HR3C、Super304H等同类耐热合金的国产替代。

关键词 ： SP2215耐热合金, 长期时效, 析出相, 持久强度, 性能

Abstract：

With the improvement of the steam parameters of thermal power units, the requirements put forward for the stress rupture strength and structural stability of heat-resistant materials for boiler superheater/reheater pipes become higher. SP2215, as a new heat-resistant alloy, is an excellent candidate for 620-650°C ultra-supercritical boiler superheater/reheater. In this study, the correlation between microstructure evolution and properties of the SP2215 heat-resistant alloy aging at different temperatures and time was studied via a series of creep and impact tests. The results show that the SP2215 alloy has excellent microstructure stability in high-temperature condition. Moreover, various nanoscale precipitations such as Cu-rich, MX, NbCrN, and M₂₃C₆ phases occur during aging. In the early period of aging, with the increase in aging temperature and aging time, the precipitations increase rapidly, improving the strength of the material; however, the impact toughness of the SP2215 alloy decreases considerably, with substantial intergranular fracture caused by the continuous precipitation and growth of M₂₃C₆ at the boundary, as shown with the quantitative calculation using the JMA model. In the late period of aging, the precipitations gradually stabilize, and the grain size remains in the range of 4.5-5 grade. As a result, the 1 × 10⁵ h stress rupture strength of the SP2215 alloy at 650 and 700^oC still remain more than 120 and 70 MPa, respectively. Hence, the alloy can be used as a domestic replacement for foreign HR3C, Super304H, and other similar heat-resistant alloys.

Key words： SP2215 heat-resistant alloy long term aging precipitation stress rupture strength property

收稿日期: 2022-10-24

ZTFLH:

TG132.3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51771017);国家自然科学基金项目(52271087)

通讯作者: 姚志浩，zhihaoyao@ustb.edu.cn，主要从事先进高温结构材料研究

Corresponding author: YAO Zhihao, professor, Tel:(010)62332884, E-mail: zhihaoyao@ustb.edu.cn

作者简介: 梁凯，男，1998年生，硕士生

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图1 时效过程中不同时效温度和时间下SP2215耐热合金的晶粒度变化

图2 650℃时效500 h后SP2215耐热合金的微观组织的OM像

图3 时效过程中富Cu相演变的TEM像

图4 图3b中白色球形颗粒及基体的EDS分析

表1 时效过程中富Cu相平均尺寸变化 (nm)

图5 SP2215耐热合金时效过程中晶界及其附近析出相演变的SEM像

图6 650℃时效6000 h后晶界析出相的EDS面扫结果

图7 M23C6含量随时效时间的变化曲线

图8 SP2215耐热合金在不同时效温度下lnln[1 / (1 - f)]与lnt的关系曲线

图9 不同时效温度下SP2215合金中M23C6的JMA动力学曲线

图10 在孪晶界、晶内和晶界处析出的M23C6碳化物SEM像及其EDS面扫元素分布图

图11 650℃时效500 h的MX相、6000 h的NbCrN相，及700℃时效6000 h的NbCrN相的TEM像

表2 650℃时效过程中基体和MX相主要成分含量变化 (atomic fraction / %)

表3 700℃时效过程中基体和MX相的主要成分含量变化 (atomic fraction / %)

图12 650℃时效过程中NbCrN相EDS面扫结果

图13 椭球状NbCrN相的TEM像及其选区电子衍射(SAED)花样

图14 SP2215耐热合金在不同温度下的直线外推曲线

图15 C值的拟合计算

图16 SP2215耐热合金的Larson-Miller曲线

图17 高温短时拉伸性能随温度变化曲线

图18 时效过程中SP2215合金硬度随时效时间的变化

表4 650和700℃长期时效后SP2215、HR3C[30]和Super304H[6]耐热合金冲击功对比 (J)

图19 700℃时效过程中SP2215合金冲击功随时效时间的变化

图20 SP2215合金的V型冲击断口宏观形貌

图21 SP2215合金冲击断口微观形貌

图22 M23C6含量对SP2215合金冲击功的影响

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