渐进法向力对金属材料微米划痕响应的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00400

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (10): 1333-1342 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00400

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

渐进法向力对金属材料微米划痕响应的影响

刘明(

), 严富文, 高诚辉

福州大学机械工程及自动化学院福州 350116

Effects of Progressive Normal Force on Microscratch Responses of Metallic Materials

LIU Ming(

), YAN Fuwen, GAO Chenghui

School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China

引用本文:

刘明, 严富文, 高诚辉. 渐进法向力对金属材料微米划痕响应的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(10): 1333-1342.
Ming LIU, Fuwen YAN, Chenghui GAO. Effects of Progressive Normal Force on Microscratch Responses of Metallic Materials[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(10): 1333-1342.

全文: PDF(1887 KB) HTML

摘要:

通过Rockwell C 120°金刚石压头对16种金属材料进行微米划痕测试，研究渐进法向力对材料划痕响应的影响。结果表明：随着法向力从5 mN线性增大到30 N，压入深度和残余深度均线性增加；弹性回复率先迅速增大，然后趋于一个常数。当压入深度小于压头的球锥转变深度时，仅有压头顶端的圆球与材料接触，残余划痕宽度非线性增加；当压头的圆锥部分与材料接触时，残余划痕宽度线性增大。稳定弹性回复率和划痕硬度随屈服强度的增加而线性增大。纯Mo、纯W和40Cr的划痕摩擦系数随法向力的增加始终非线性增大，其余金属的划痕摩擦系数先非线性增加，之后趋于稳定；划痕摩擦系数的变化趋势可通过几何接触模型进行解释。在较大法向力下，QT500的摩擦机制中黏着摩擦和犁沟摩擦起到几乎相同的作用，其余材料的摩擦机制主要为犁沟摩擦。稳定划痕摩擦系数随稳定划痕硬度及其与弹性模量比值的增加而线性减小。

关键词 ：微米划痕, 渐进法向力, 金属材料, 划痕摩擦系数, 几何接触模型

Abstract：

Metallic materials are widely used in automotive, medical equipment, architecture, aerospace, and other fields. However, friction and wear are inevitable with the use of metallic materials. Therefore, it is important to study the friction and wear mechanisms of these materials for prolonging their service life. In the present work, microscratch test was carried out on sixteen metallic materials with a Rockwell C 120° diamond indenter to investigate the effects of the progressive normal force on the scratch responses of the materials. By increasing the normal force linearly from 5 mN to 30 N, both the penetration and residual depths increase linearly. The elastic recovery rate firstly increases rapidly, and then remains nearly stable. When the penetration depth is smaller than the transition depth of the indenter, only the sphere is in contact with the material, resulting in a nonlinear increase in the residual scratch width; when the conical part of the indenter is in contact with the material, the residual scratch width increases linearly. The asymptotic elastic recovery rate and scratch hardness increase linearly with the yield strength. The scratch friction coefficients of pure Mo, pure W, and 40Cr always increase nonlinearly with normal force, and the scratch friction coefficients of other metals firstly increase nonlinearly and then remain nearly stable. The variation of the scratch friction coefficient can be explained by a geometrical contact model. Adhesion friction and ploughing friction play almost the same role in the friction mechanism of QT500, and ploughing friction plays the major role in the friction mechanism of other materials under large normal forces. The asymptotic scratch friction coefficient decreases linearly with the increase of the asymptotic scratch hardness and the ratio of asymptotic scratch hardness over the elastic modulus.

Key words： microscratch progressive normal force metallic material scratch friction coefficient geometrical contact model

收稿日期: 2020-10-09

ZTFLH:

TB931

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51705082、51875106);晋江市福大科教园区科研项目(2019-JJFDKY-11)

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00400 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I10/1333

图1 压头与材料间的几何接触模型示意图(a) front view (b) side view (c) top view

图2 压入深度和残余深度与法向力的关系

图3 弹性回复率与法向力的关系

图4 Q235、45钢和Mo的残余划痕形貌OM像

图5 划痕宽度与法向力和dp / dt的关系

图6 划痕硬度和接触压力与法向力的关系

图7 稳定弹性恢复率、屈服强度和努氏硬度与稳定划痕硬度的关系

表1 16种金属材料的力学性能[36~59]

图8 侧向力和划痕摩擦系数与法向力的关系

图9 犁沟摩擦系数和黏着摩擦系数与法向力的关系

图10 μ0与Have和Have / E的关系

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