金属玻璃中隐藏在长时间尺度下的动力学行为及其对性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00247

金属学报

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (11): 1479-1489 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00247

组织与结构

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

金属玻璃中隐藏在长时间尺度下的动力学行为及其对性能的影响

汪卫华^1,²(

), 罗鹏^1,²(

)

1 中国科学院物理研究所极端条件物理重点实验室北京 1001902
2 中国科学院大学北京 100049

The Dynamic Behavior Hidden in the Long Time Scale of Metallic Glasses and Its Effect on the Properties

Weihua WANG^1,²(

), Peng LUO^1,²(

)

1 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

引用本文:

汪卫华, 罗鹏. 金属玻璃中隐藏在长时间尺度下的动力学行为及其对性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(11): 1479-1489.
Weihua WANG, Peng LUO. The Dynamic Behavior Hidden in the Long Time Scale of Metallic Glasses and Its Effect on the Properties[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(11): 1479-1489.

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摘要:

金属玻璃微观结构无序,没有类似晶体材料中的缺陷,表现出一系列优异的力学和功能特性,具有广泛的应用前景。由于非晶结构上长程无序,难以建立结构和性能的关系。而弛豫动力学研究为认识金属玻璃提供了非常重要的窗口,对于理解其稳定性和形变行为极为关键,也一直是凝聚态物理和材料科学领域的核心问题。近年来,随着更多先进研究手段的使用和研究的不断深入,人们发现在玻璃态极长的时间跨度和不同空间尺度下蕴含着丰富的动力学行为,这些动力学模式之间彼此关联,同时也具有独特性。本文介绍了近期关于金属玻璃弛豫动力学研究的重要进展,及其对于认识和调控材料性能、优化材料制备等方面的影响。

关键词 ：金属玻璃, 弛豫, 动力学, 力学性能, 超稳定玻璃

Abstract：

Metallic glasses (MGs) have disordered microstructure and no defects like in crystalline materials and possess a suite of outstanding mechanical and functional properties, showing thus promising potential for wide applications. Due to the lack of long range structural order, it is fraught with difficulties to construct the structure-property relationship in amorphous materials. The study of relaxation dynamics provides a very important approach to understand MGs, and is vital to understand their stability and deformation behavior and remains a core issue in the field of condensed matter physics and materials science. In recent years, with the use of more advanced research methods and the deepening of research, it was found that there exists rich dynamics covered by the extremely wide time scale and the different length scales of glassy state. Different dynamic modes not only correlate with each other but also show distinction. This article reviews recent progress in the study of relaxation dynamics in MGs, and its role in understanding and modifying material properties and optimizing material preparation.

Key words： metallic glass relaxation dynamics mechanical property ultrastable glass

收稿日期: 2018-06-08

ZTFLH:

TG139

基金资助:国家自然科学基项目Nos.11790291、51571209和51461165101,国家重点基础研究发展计划项目No.2015CB856800,国家重点研发计划项目Nos.2016YFB0300501和2017YFB0903902,前沿科学关键研究项目No.QYZDY-SSW-JSC017,中科院战略重点研究项目No.XDPB0601

作者简介: 作者简介汪卫华,男,1963年生,研究员,博士

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图1 Y60Ni20Al20金属玻璃的损耗模量(E")-温度(T)图谱[87]

图2 单步和两步退火条件下金属玻璃Boson峰强度和热力学能态表现出一致的演化行为[106]

图3 通过XPCS实验测量的Mg65Cu25Y10金属玻璃在不同温度下的关联函数和弛豫指数[109]

图4 4种金属玻璃在不同温度下的流变规律[120]

图5 Zr44Ti11Cu10Ni10Be25金属玻璃在不同温度下的应力弛豫曲线[121]

图6 金属玻璃及其高温前驱液体的动力学行为的Arrhenius图[121]

图7 不同气相沉积速率以及传统液体冷却制备的金属玻璃的Tg对比(插图为晶化温度Tx的对比)[137]

图8 表面弛豫与α和β弛豫的比较[137]

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