1 Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China 2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China 3 School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Cite this article:
Yanxin QIAO,Shuo WANG,Bin Liu,Yugui ZHENG,Huabing LI,Zhouhua JIANG. SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF CORROSION AND CAVITATION EROSION OF HIGH NITROGEN STAINLESS STEEL. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(2): 233-240.
The cavitation erosion (CE) is a serious problem in engineering components in contact with a liquid in which the pressure fluctuates. The CE resistance of material is related to the microstructure, hardness, work hardening ability, superelasticity and superplasticity, or strain or stress induced phase transformation of material. The high nitrogen stainless steel (HNSS) is attractive for its low cost in application where a combination of good strength and toughness, high work hardening capacity, and corrosion resistance is required. These attractive properties cause the nitrogen alloyed stainless steels to be the good candidates with relatively high CE resistance. In this work, the CE behavior of HNSS in distilled water, 0.5 mol/L NaCl and 0.5 mol/L HCl solutions was investigated on the base of mass loss and polarization curve. The micrographs of damaged surface were observed by using SEM. The results showed that the cumulative mass loss of HNSS after subject to CE for 8 h was the highest in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution and lowest in distilled water. There existed an incubation period in mass loss rate curve and the incubation period shorted with the increase of the corrosive of tested solution. The plastic fracture was the dominant damage mode of HNSS subject to CE condition. The plastic deformation and dislocation motion of HNSS were facilitated by diffusion of hydrogen in HCl solution, therefore the initiation and propagation of crack were accelerated and removal of materials was accelerated by propagation and connection of cracks.
Fig.1 Schematic a magnetostrictive-induced cavitation facility with electrochemical test system (1: computer, 2: Zahner electrochemical system, 3: water inlet, 4: cooling bath, 5: reference electrode, 6: sound-proof enclosure, 7: transducer, 8: horn, 9: counter electrode, 10: horn tip or specimen for mass loss test, 11: working electrode, 12: water outlet, 13: ultrasonic generator)
Fig.2 Microstructure of high nitrogen stainless steel (HNSS)
Fig.3 Mass loss (a) and mass loss rate (b) curves of HNSS in tested solutions
Fig.4 Potentiodynamic polarization curves for HNSS in 0.5 mol/L NaCl and 0.5 mol/L HCl solutions under static and cavitating conditions
Fig.5 SEM images of HNSS after cavitation erosion (CE) in distilled water (DW) for 1 h (a), 3 h (b), 5 h (c) and 8 h (d)
Fig.6 SEM images of HNSS after CE in 0.5 mol/L NaCl solution for 1 h (a), 3 h (b), 5 h (c) and 8 h (d)
Fig.7 SEM images of HNSS after CE in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution for 1 h (a), 3 h (b), 5 h (c) and 8 h (d)
Fig.8 Cross section morphologies of HNSS after CE in DW (a), 0.5 mol/L NaCl (b) and 0.5 mol/L HCl (c) solutions for 8 h
Solution
Mass loss / mg
Damage fraction / %
WT
WC
WE
WEIC
WCIE
fC
fE
fEIC
fCIE
NaCl
6.55
0.01
5.35
0.67
0.52
0.15
81.68
10.22
7.95
HCl
7.90
0.05
5.35
1.45
1.05
0.63
67.71
18.35
13.31
Table 1 Mass loss induced by pure corrosion (WC), pure erosion (WE), erosion-induced corrosion (WEIC) and corrosion-induced erosion (WCIE) and ratios of each factor for HNSS in NaCl and HCl solutions
Fig.9 Schematic showing CE mechanism of HNSS ( O—center of grain, OP, PN and PM—slip systems, θ, φ—angle between two slip directions, n1—number of dislocations, τ—critical resolved shear stress, ⊥—dislocation, M n+ —dissolution of metal as cation)
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