FUNCTION OF MICROELEMENT Hf IN POWDER METALLURGY NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00704

Acta Metall Sin

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (8): 967-975 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00704

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FUNCTION OF MICROELEMENT Hf IN POWDER METALLURGY NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS

Yiwen ZHANG^1,²(

),Benfu HU³

1 High Temperature Material Institute, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081
2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Materials, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081
3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083

Cite this article:

Yiwen ZHANG,Benfu HU. FUNCTION OF MICROELEMENT Hf IN POWDER METALLURGY NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(8): 967-975.

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Abstract

Hafnium (Hf) is one of the most important microelements in powder metallurgy (P/M) superalloy. Hf modifies the microstructure and drastically improves mechanical properties in P/M superalloy. The effect of Hf in a nickel-based P/M superalloy was systematically studied by means of FEG-SEM, TEM, AES, EDS and physical and chemical phase analysis. Hf mainly distributes at interdendritic region of the solidification powder in form of solid solution, which is helpful to reduce prior particle boundary (PPB). Hf facilitates morphology of g′ phase to be unstable and enhances the large cubic g′ phase to split into smaller ones, so the g′ phase turns into a stable state with a lower energy faster. Hf is mainly distributed in g′ phase and MC carbides, which changes the distribution of element between the g′ phase, MC and g solid solution, which is beneficial to eliminate notch sensitivity and improves overall mechanical properties of the alloy.

Key words: powder metallurgy superalloy Hf MC carbide g′ phase morphology stability prior particle boundary (PPB)

Fund: Supported by International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (No.2014DFR50330) and Sino-Russion Intergovernmental Cooperation in Science & Technology Project (No.CR14-20)

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00704 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2015/V51/I8/967

Fig.1 TEM image (a) and indexed SAED of MC′ (inset) and its EDS result (b) in FGH97 powder with 0.3%Hf

Fig.2 OM images of FGH97 alloys without (a) and with 0.30%Hf (b) after hot isostatic pressing (PPB—prior particle boundary)

Fig.3 TEM image (a) and indexed SAED of MC (inset) and its EDS result (b) in FGH97 alloy without Hf after hot isostatic pressing

Table 1 Distribution of Hf in different phases of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy

Table 2 Partition ratios of Hf content in g′ to that in MC carbide and to that in g of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy

Fig.4 SEM images of g’ precipitates in standard heat treated FGH97 alloys with Hf contents of 0 (a), 0.16% (b), 0.30% (c), 0.58% (d) and 0.89% (e) (Arrows in Figs.4c and d indicate the caves in the center of edge along <100> of g’ phase before g’ split)

Fig.5 SEM images of g’ precipitates in the FGH97 alloys with different Hf contents and cooling rates

Fig.6 SEM images of g’ precipitates in the FGH97 alloys with 0.30%Hf aging at 750 ℃ for 100 h (a), 500 h (b) and 1000 h (c)

Fig.7 SEM images of g’ precipitates in FGH97 alloy with 0.30%Hf after aging at 750 ℃ (a), 800 ℃ (b) and 900 ℃ (c) for 100 h

Fig.8 Tensile properties of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy with different Hf contents at 650 ℃ (s_b—tensile strength; s_0.2—yield strength; d—elongation; y—reduction of cross sectional area)

Fig.9 Stress rupture properties of smooth and notched specimen of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy at 650 ℃ and 1020 MPa with different Hf contents (Notch radius R=0.15 mm)

Fig.10 Elongation after creeping of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy at 750 ℃ and 460 MPa with different Hf contents and aging times

Fig.11 Fatigue crack propagation rate (da/dN) of standard heat treated FGH97 alloy at 650 ℃ with different Hf contents (DK—stress intensity factor range)

Fig.12 Fracture morphologies of fatigue crack growth at initiation region (a) and propagation region (b) for standard heat treated FGH97 alloy at 650 ℃ with 0.30%Hf

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