Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Linear Friction Welding Joint of GH4169 Alloy/S31042 Steel
LI Yanmo1,2, GUO Xiaohui1, CHEN Bin1, LI Peiyue1, GUO Qianying2, DING Ran2, YU Liming2(), SU Yu3, LI Wenya3
1.Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471000, China 2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China 3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Cite this article:
LI Yanmo, GUO Xiaohui, CHEN Bin, LI Peiyue, GUO Qianying, DING Ran, YU Liming, SU Yu, LI Wenya. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Linear Friction Welding Joint of GH4169 Alloy/S31042 Steel. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(3): 363-374.
S31042 steel is a typical 25Cr-20Ni type austenitic heat-resistant steel with excellent resistance to oxidation and creep rupture strength near 600oC. This austenitic steel is widely used as a super-heater or re-heater in ultra-super critical plants with steam specifications as high as 600oC and 25 MPa. To reduce CO2 emissions and improve power generation, the application of advanced ultra-super critical plants (steam parameters 700oC and 30 MPa) can be promoted. Owing to its excellent mechanical properties as well as good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature above 650oC, GH4169 alloys have the potential to be used in advanced ultra-super critical plants. Practically, it is meaningful to investigate the welding process of GH4169/S31042 dissimilar materials. In this work, the joint between dissimilar materials (S31042/GH4169) was studied by linear friction welding, and the microstructures and mechanical properties of the joint were investigated by OM, SEM, TEM, hardness testing, tensile testing, and creep testing at 700oC. Good metallurgic bonding was obtained under the optimized welding process parameters of 25 Hz (frequency), 2 mm (amplitude), 100 MPa of frictional pressure, and 150 MPa of forging pressure. Dynamic recrystallization occurred and the secondary phase particles precipitated within the weld zone. The microhardness of the welded joint was higher than that of the base metal, and the tensile properties of the joint were higher than S31042 steel, which is attributed to both fine grain and dispersion strengthening.
Fig.1 Appearance of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.2 OM image of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint (A—weld zone, B—near-weld line thermo-mechanically affected zone, C—far-weld line thermo-mechanically affected zone, D—heat affected zone, E—parent metal)
Fig.3 SEM images of weld zone (and EDS) (a) and precipitates in GH4169 alloy (b) of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.4 TEM images (a, b), HRTEM image (c), and EDS analysis of precipitate (d) of weld zone in GH4169 superalloy (Inset in Fig.3c shows fast Fourier transform (FFT) pattern of TiAl3)
Fig.5 SEM images of various zones in S31042 steel
Fig.6 TEM image (a) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern (b) of precipitates in heat affected zone of S31042 steel
Fig.7 SEM images of various zones in GH4169 superalloy
Fig.8 EBSD maps of weld zone and thermo-mechanically affected zone of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.9 TEM images of S31042 steel from thermo-mechanically affected zone to weld zone
Fig.10 Microhardness of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.11 Engineering stress-strain curves of GH4169 superallloy, S31042 steel, and S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.12 Full view (a) and SEM fractographies (b, c) of the fractured tensile specimen of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
Fig.13 Creep strain-time curves of S31042 steel and S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint at 700oC and 200 MPa
Fig.14 Longitudinal sections (a, b) and fractographies (c, d) of fractured creep specimens in S31042 steel (a, c) and S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint (b, d)
Fig.15 TEM image (a) and SAED pattern (b) of σ phase in fractured creep specimen of S31042/GH4169 linear friction welded joint
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