新型低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金研究进展及展望

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00370

金属学报

2025, Vol. 61

Issue (3): 372-382 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00370

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新型低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金研究进展及展望

王慧远¹^,²^,³(

), 孟昭元¹^,³, 贾海龙¹^,³, 徐新宇⁴(

), 花珍铭²

1 吉林大学材料科学与工程学院汽车材料教育部重点实验室长春 130025
2 河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院天津 300130
3 吉林大学未来科学国际合作联合实验室长春 130012
4 香港大学机械工程系香港 999077

Research Progress and Future Prospect on New Low-Alloyed Bake-Hardenable Magnesium Alloys

WANG Huiyuan¹^,²^,³(

), MENG Zhaoyuan¹^,³, JIA Hailong¹^,³, XU Xinyu⁴(

), HUA Zhenming²

1 Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
3 International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

引用本文:

王慧远, 孟昭元, 贾海龙, 徐新宇, 花珍铭. 新型低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金研究进展及展望[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(3): 372-382.
Huiyuan WANG, Zhaoyuan MENG, Hailong JIA, Xinyu XU, Zhenming HUA. Research Progress and Future Prospect on New Low-Alloyed Bake-Hardenable Magnesium Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2025, 61(3): 372-382.

全文: PDF(2791 KB) HTML

摘要:

镁合金作为最轻的工程结构金属材料，在航空航天、汽车、轨道交通等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。然而，在确保成型性的同时提高强度是制约低合金含量镁合金应用的瓶颈问题。烘烤硬化处理通过充分利用有限的固溶原子，在一定程度上突破了低合金含量镁合金成型性与强度之间的矛盾。本工作分别从位错偏聚、孪晶界偏聚、Guinier-Preston (GP)区诱导烘烤硬化3种机制出发，概述了低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金的研究进展，并从扩展应用范围的角度展望了低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金的发展趋势。

关键词 ：镁合金, 低合金含量, 烘烤硬化, 溶质偏聚, GP区

Abstract：

Magnesium alloys are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and rail transit industries as the lightest structural metallic materials. Minor alloying additions have proven to be effective in enhancing processability and ductility. Recent studies demonstrate that low-alloyed Mg-Zn-Ca(-Al) alloys exhibit exceptional room-temperature formability due to their weak texture after rolling and annealing. This advancement indicates that magnesium alloy sheets could potentially replace steel and aluminum alloy in body panel applications. However, achieving improved strength while maintaining formability remains a substantial challenge, limiting the broader adoption of low-alloyed magnesium alloys. Bake hardening (BH) treatment, a technique commonly employed for steel and Al body panels to enhance post-forming strength, has recently been shown to strengthen Mg-Zn-Ca(-Al) alloy sheets. BH treatment partially addresses the trade-off between formability and strength in low-alloyed magnesium alloys by utilizing the limited solid solution atoms. As the development of BH magnesium alloy sheets progresses, further improvements in properties or the design of new alloy compositions require a thorough understanding of the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties and the underlying mechanisms. This review examines recent advancements in low-alloyed bake-hardenable magnesium alloys, focusing on three mechanisms: dislocation segregation, twin boundary segregation, and Guinier-Preston (GP) zone-induced bake hardening. Additionally, it provides a brief outlook on the future development trends aimed at expanding the application range of these materials. The insights presented here are expected to guide the design and optimization of BH magnesium alloys with enhanced performance and broader industrial applicability.

Key words： magnesium alloy low alloying bake-hardening solute segregation GP zone

收稿日期: 2024-11-04

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52334010);国家自然科学基金项目(52271103)

通讯作者: 王慧远，wanghuiyuan@hebut.edu.cn，主要从事高强韧轻合金设计与制备研究;
徐新宇，xinyuxu@connect.hku.hk，主要从事金属材料变形行为的研究

Corresponding author: WANG Huiyuan, professor, Tel: (022)60201981, E-mail: wanghuiyuan@hebut.edu.cn;
XU Xinyu, Tel: (022)60201981, E-mail: xinyuxu@connect.hku.hk

作者简介: 王慧远，男，1974年生，教授，博士

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图1 2%拉伸预应变态和烘烤硬化态AZMX1110合金的透射电镜-三维原子探针(TEM-APT)联用表征结果[15]

图2 退火态、直接时效态、预应变态和烘烤硬化态的ZXTM1000合金的拉伸工程应力-应变曲线及烘烤硬化态样品与其他镁合金的屈服强度、断裂应变对比图[31]

表1 低合金含量烘烤硬化镁合金与烘烤硬化钢/铝合金的力学性能[31~36]

图3 预应变态ZXTM1000合金原位加热过程中的HAADF-STEM像及EDS分析[31]

图4 Mg-4.7Zn合金和压缩退火后Mg-6.1Gd-1.0Zn-0.7Zr合金孪晶界上的周期性溶质偏聚[39]

图5 烘烤硬化态Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Ca合金的TEM分析[32]

图6 固溶态和烘烤硬化态Mg-1.61Zn-0.57Mn-0.54Ca-0.46Al (ZMXA2110)合金TEM和APT分析及力学性能[33]

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