Research Progress of Cold Sprayed Ni and Ni-Based Composite Coatings: A Review

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00270

Acta Metall Sin

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (1): 1-16 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00270

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Research Progress of Cold Sprayed Ni and Ni-Based Composite Coatings: A Review

LI Wenya¹(

), ZHANG Zhengmao¹, XU Yaxin¹, SONG Zhiguo², YIN Shuo³

^1.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
^2.Department of Intelligent Equipment, Changzhou College of Information Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
^3.Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Cite this article:

LI Wenya, ZHANG Zhengmao, XU Yaxin, SONG Zhiguo, YIN Shuo. Research Progress of Cold Sprayed Ni and Ni-Based Composite Coatings: A Review. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(1): 1-16.

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Abstract

Nickel and its alloys have good corrosion and high-temperature oxidation resistance. Cold-spraying (CS) can be applied to Ni and Ni-based composite coatings with good corrosion resistance, due to its advantages of low heat input, dense microstructure, high deposition efficiency, and fast deposition rate, etc. In terms of the open publications, this study summarized the prediction of the critical and particle velocities of Ni-powder particles during CS and then analyzed its deposition characteristics and bonding mechanisms; the property improvement of cold-sprayed Ni and Ni-based composite coatings can be achieved by adjusting the nozzle, powder, and gas parameters; CS combined with laser processing, shot peening, hot rolling, and other technologies can further improve the coating quality; the addition of ceramic particles can increase the strength and corrosion resistance of Ni and Ni-based composite coatings. Finally, several expectations for the widespread application of cold-sprayed Ni and Ni-based composite coatings were presented.

Key words: cold spraying nickel nickel alloy composite coating coating property post treatment

Received: 02 July 2021

ZTFLH:

TG174

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52061135101);Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NPU), China(2021-TZ-01);Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NPU), China(SKLSP-202011)

About author: LI Wenya, professor, Tel: (029)88495226, E-mail: liwy@nwpu.edu.cn

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00270 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2022/V58/I1/1

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of cold spray system and principle^[6]

Fig.2 Critical velocities estimated by the equation (Eq.(1)), and the finite element analysis value (FEA) and experimental measurement value (Exp.) of Cu and Al (v_cr—critical velocity)^[28]

Fig.3 The relationship between critical velocity, particle impact velocity and particle size (ν_impact—particle impact velocity, DE—deposition efficiency)^[29]

Fig.4 Coefficients of restitution for Al, Ni, Cu, and Zn (The coefficient of restitution is equal to zero above the critical velocity)^[36]

Table 1 The critical velocities of Ni particles measured by different methods and their respective pros and cons^{[28,30,35,36]}

Fig.5 TEM image of cold sprayed Ni coating (Particle-particle boundary is marked with arrow)^[48]

Fig.6 EBSD characterizations of Ni coating section (N₂; 600^oC; 3.0 MPa)^[49]

Fig.7 Schematics of dynamic recrystallization process (a-e)^[49]

Fig.8 Cross-sectional SEM images of the coating at different powder preheating temperatures^[60]

Fig.9 Nitrogen deposition efficiency of different metals at different temperatures^[62]

Fig.10 The deposition efficiency of cold sprayed Ni coating varies with the spraying angle (The inset at the upper left shows the set of the spraying angle)^[63]

Fig.11 The temperature evolution of a single Ni particle deposited on a Cu substrate with the substrate temperature of 25^oC, 200^oC, and 400^oC^[67]

Fig.12 Inverse pole figures (IPFs) (a, c) and image quality (IQ) maps (b, d) of the cross section of cold sprayed Ni coating annealed at 400^oC (a, b) and 600^oC (c, d) for 1 h^[69]

Table 2 Main results of existing literature on cold sprayed Ni coatings^{[24,31,45,60,63,66,71]}

Fig.13 Cross-sectional OM image of 50Ni-50Ti coating^[86]

Table 3 Results of some cold sprayed nickel-based composite coatings^{[71,79,80,85-87]}

Fig.14 SEM surface morphology of Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coating after spraying^[93]

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