Study on the Uniformity of Structure and Mechanical Properties of TC4-DT Alloy Deposited by CMT Process

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00104

Acta Metall Sin

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (12): 1667-1680 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00104

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Study on the Uniformity of Structure and Mechanical Properties of TC4-DT Alloy Deposited by CMT Process

DU Zijie¹^,², LI Wenyuan²(

), LIU Jianrong², SUO Hongbo³, WANG Qingjiang²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3 Qingdao JointX Intelligent Manufacturing Limited, Qingdao 266109, China

Cite this article:

DU Zijie, LI Wenyuan, LIU Jianrong, SUO Hongbo, WANG Qingjiang. Study on the Uniformity of Structure and Mechanical Properties of TC4-DT Alloy Deposited by CMT Process. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(12): 1667-1680.

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Abstract

TC4-DT alloy is developed based on TC4 alloy, with medium strength and high damage-tolerance, showing a great promise to be widely used in aerospace field. However, the traditional method to fabricate large and complicated parts has the problems of hot working difficulty, long processing cycle, low "buy-to-fly" ratio and high-cost. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is a good alternative and has been used to manufacture titanium parts since year 2006. Compared to other AM technologies, cold metal transfer mode wire and arc additive manufacturing (CMT WAAM), as a kind of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) technology, has several advantages like simple structure, good spatial accessibility and high efficiency. In this study, a TC4-DT deposit was fabricated by CMT WAAM method. The macrostructure and microstructure, texture, and tensile properties in the overlapping zone and ordinary deposition zone were investigated and compared. The bottom of the ordinary deposition zone consisted of columnar and equiaxed prior β grains, and in higher zone the coarse equiaxed prior β grains were in the majority. The microstructure of the ordinary deposition zone was mainly characterized by basketweave α phase platelets. Microstructure of both sides of the overlapping line was characterized by a mixture of fine basketweave, lamellar and coarse basketweave α phase due to temperature gradient. Transformed α texture from {001}_β//Z silk texture existed in different zones, and the texture of overlapping zone was complicated due to the complexity of heat dissipation conditions, including transformed α texture and other complicated texture. EBSD results showed that there was a strong <0001>_α//X texture at the overlapping line, resulting in low Schmid factors for both prismatic slip and basal slip at the overlapping line, hindering the slip of dislocation. Combined with the Hall-Petch relationship, it was concluded that the prior β grain boundary and the overlapping line were main factors affecting the uniformity of mechanical properties. The average effective dislocation slip distances in different zones had the following relationship: overlapping zone<bottom of the ordinary deposition zone<top of the ordinary deposition zone, leading to different yield strengths in different zones of the ordinary deposition zone.

Key words: CMT WAAM TC4-DT titanium alloy uniformity of microstructure texture uniformity of mechanical property

Received: 01 April 2020

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	Zijie DU
	Wenyuan LI
	Jianrong LIU
	Hongbo SUO
	Qingjiang WANG

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00104 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2020/V56/I12/1667

Fig.1 Schematics of the deposition path (unit: mm) (a) and the deposition sample (b)

Fig.2 The schematic of tensile sample (unit: mm) (a), sampling position (b) and the observation areas of D sample after 1% plastic deformation (c) (D: overlapping zone; 1#: top of the ordinary deposition zone; 2#: bottom of the ordinary deposition zone)

Fig.3 The macrostructures of the TC4-DT sample deposited by cold metal transfer (CMT)

Fig.4 Microstructures of the top (a) and bottom (b) of the ordinary deposition zone of the TC4-DT sample deposited by CMT

Fig.5 Microstructures of the overlapping zone of the TC4-DT sample deposited by CMT

Fig.6 Inverse pole figures in X-direction (IPF-X) of different zones of the TC4-DT sample deposited by CMT

Table 1 Room temperature tensile properties of different zones

Fig.7 True stress-stain curves of different tensile samples

Table 2 Fitting results of Hollomon equation

Fig.8 Fracture morphologies of samples D (a, b), 1# (c, d) and 2# (e, f) with different magnifications

Fig.9 Macrostructures (a, c, e) and SEM images of fracture side (b, d, f) of samples D (a, b), 1# (c, d) and 2# (e, f)

Fig.10 Height maps of different zones on sample D after 1% plastic deformation (Insets show the prior β grain boundaries)

Fig.11 Slip characteristics (a, d, g), the relative EBSD maps (b, e, h) and IPF-X (c, f, i) for transformed α phase of different areas on sample D after 1% plastic deformation (μ—Schmid factor)

Fig.12 Organization division and the fastest cooling directions of overlapping zone (T_β—β fransformation temperature)

Fig.13 {100} pole figures of prior β phase of different areas on sample D after 1% plastic deformation

Fig.14 The schematics of slip length of overlapping zone (a), top of the ordinary deposition zone (b) and bottom of the ordinary deposition zone (c) of the TC4-DT sample deposited by CMT

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