INVESTIGATION ON PITTING CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF ULTRAFINE-GRAINED 304L STAINLESS STEEL IN Cl- CONTAINING SOLUTION

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00062

Acta Metall Sin

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (9): 1077-1084 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00062

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INVESTIGATION ON PITTING CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF ULTRAFINE-GRAINED 304L STAINLESS STEEL IN Cl^- CONTAINING SOLUTION

Nan PIAO^1,²,Ji CHEN¹(

),Chengjiang YIN^1,³,Cheng SUN⁴,Xinghang ZHANG⁴,Zhanwen WU⁵

1 Center of Corrosion and Protection Technology in Petro-Chemical Industry, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001
2 Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College station, TX 77843-3123, USA
5 CNOOC Energy Technology and Services-Pipe Engineering Co., Tianjin 300452

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Nan PIAO,Ji CHEN,Chengjiang YIN,Cheng SUN,Xinghang ZHANG,Zhanwen WU. INVESTIGATION ON PITTING CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF ULTRAFINE-GRAINED 304L STAINLESS STEEL IN Cl^- CONTAINING SOLUTION. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(9): 1077-1084.

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Abstract

The electrochemical behavior and pitting corrosion in a Cl^- containing solution (0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+0.05 mol/L NaCl) of the ultrafine-grained 304L stainless steel (304L SS) with average grain size of (130±30) nm prepared by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) technique were examined using potentiodynamic polarization curves, cycle polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott-Schottky (M-S) curve measurements together with SEM observation of surface morphology. As compared to the coarse-grained counterpart, the ultrafine-grained sample exhibited a higher corrosion current density i_corr of 81.74 Acm² and a lower corrosion potential E_corr (vs SCE) of -466 mV, and having a higher passivation current density i_p of 32.38 mAcm² and a narrower passive region (-315~450 mV) together with a breakdown potential E_b decrease of 100 mV and a protection potential E_bp decrease of 190 mV. On one hand, the grain refinement induced by severe plastic deformation deteriorates the compactness of the passive films and is helpful for the Cl^- absorption, resulting in a 1.6 times increase of the carrier density and one order of magnitude increase of the diffusion coefficient in the passive films. On the other hand, the significant increase of grain boundaries provides more possibility for Cl^- diffusion along grain boundaries, and thus promotes the pitting nucleation and growth.

Key words: 304L stainless steel equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) ultrafine grain passive film pitting corrosion

Fund: Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.201202127)

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	Nan PIAO
	Ji CHEN
	Chengjiang YIN
	Cheng SUN
	Xinghang ZHANG
	Zhanwen WU

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00062 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2015/V51/I9/1077

Fig.1 Potentiodynamic polarization curves (a) and cyclic polarization curves (b) of UFG-304L stainless steel (SS) and CG-304L SS in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄ + 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution ( i^UFG_p and i^CG_p—passive current densities of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS, E^UFG_p and E^CG_p—passivation potentials of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS, E^UFG_b and E^CG_b—breakdown potentials of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS, E^UFG_bp and E^CG_bp—protection potentials of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS)

Table 1 Fitting results of the potentiodynamic polarization curves and cyclic polarization curves of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution

Fig.2 SEM images of surface morphology for UFG-304L SS (a) and CG-304L SS (b) after cyclic polarization in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl

Fig.3 M-S curves of passive films formed on UFG-304L SS (a) and CG-304L SS (b) at different E_f in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution (C—space charges capacitance of passive film, E—applied potential, E_f—formation potential of passive film, k—slope)

Fig.4 Relationships between N_d and E_f for the passive films of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS formed in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution for 30 min (N_d—donor concentration)

Table 2 Carrier densities (N_d) of passive films formed on UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS at different E_f in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution

Fig.5 Relationships between L_ss and E_f for the passive films of UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS formed in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution for 30 min (L_ss—thickness of passive film)

Fig.6 Nyquist plots of passive films on the UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS formed in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution at E_f =0.1 V (a), 0.2 V (b), 0.3 V (c) and 0.4 V (d) (Inset in Fig.6a shows the equivalent circuit. R_s—solution resistance, R_f—passive film resistance, Q_f—passive film capacitance)

Fig.7 Schematics of pitting corrosion for UFG-304L SS (a) and CG-304L SS (b) in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+0.05 mol/L NaCl (D_B—diffusion coefficient of Cl^- along grain-boundary, D_L—diffusion coefficient of Cl^- in lattice)

Table 3 Fitting impendance parameters of Nyquist plots of the passive films on the UFG-304L SS and CG-304L SS formed in 0.05 mol/L H₂SO₄+ 0.05 mol/L NaCl solution at different E_f

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