Hot Isostatic Densification of Inconel 718 Powder Alloy and Elimination of Prior Particle Boundaries

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00481

Acta Metall Sin

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (11): 1487-1498 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00481

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Hot Isostatic Densification of Inconel 718 Powder Alloy and Elimination of Prior Particle Boundaries

TIAN Xiaosheng¹^,², LU Zhengguan¹, XU Lei¹, WU Jie¹(

), YANG Rui¹

1 Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

Cite this article:

TIAN Xiaosheng, LU Zhengguan, XU Lei, WU Jie, YANG Rui. Hot Isostatic Densification of Inconel 718 Powder Alloy and Elimination of Prior Particle Boundaries. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(11): 1487-1498.

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Abstract

Inconel 718 alloy is widely used in aeronautical fields owing to its excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance. Hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) is a powder metallurgy (PM) processing technology that produces near or net-shape components and solves the problems of macro-segregation and microstructure inhomogeneity. However, the application of PM Inconel 718 alloys has been limited by prior particle boundaries (PPBs), which can negatively impact mechanical properties, such as elongation at elevated temperatures and impact properties. To address this issue, the formation of PPBs can be suppressed during HIPing, or they can be eliminated through subsequent processing. Pre-alloyed powder of Inconel 718 was prepared using the electrode induction melting gas atomization (EIGA) method, and PM Inconel 718 alloys were prepared through the HIPing route. The resulting compacts were subjected to special high-temperature heat treatment, and their mechanical properties were tested. The mechanical properties of PM Inconel 718 test bars were found to be comparable to those of the wrought version of the alloy. However, large and complex components of PM Inconel 718 can contain undesirable PPBs due to mold shielding and insufficient degassing, resulting in poor ductility and impact properties after standard heat treatment. Special high-temperature heat treatment can effectively eliminate the PPBs in the compacts, leading to a substantial improvement in tensile ductility and impact properties. This improvement makes it possible to prepare large and complex components through HIPing with improved mechanical properties.

Key words: Inconel 718 alloy hot isostatic pressing heat treatment prior particle boundary mechanical property

Received: 28 September 2022

ZTFLH:

TG132.32

Fund: National Science and Technology Major Project of China(J2019-VⅡ-0005-0145);NStrategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA22010102);CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-025)

Corresponding Authors: WU Jie, associate professer, Tel: (024)83978843, E-mail: jwu10s@imr.ac.cn

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	TIAN Xiaosheng
	LU Zhengguan
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	YANG Rui

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00481 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2024/V60/I11/1487

Fig.1 SEM image (a) and differential size distributions (D₁₀ = 18 μm indicates 10% of the powder has a particle size of less than 18 μm, D₅₀ = 50 μm indicates 50% of the powder has a particle size of less than 50 μm, and D₉₀ = 96 μm indicates 90% of the powder has a particle size of less than 96 μm) (b) of Inconel 718 pre-alloyed powders

Table 1 Mechanical properties of powder metallurgy (PM) Inconel 718 component and test bars

Fig.2 SEM image of PM Inconel 718 test bar

Fig.3 Equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ) distributions of Inconel 718 pre-alloy powder with different grain sizes
(a) 50 µm, 0% (b) 50 µm, 60% (c) 50 µm, 100%
(d) 100 µm, 0% (e) 100 µm, 60% (f) 100 µm, 100%

Fig.4 SEM images showing the fracture surfaces of the RT tensile PM Inconel 718 powder samples with grain sizes of 15-53 µm (a) and 53-106 µm (b)

Fig.5 SEM image of PM Inconel 718 component (PPBs—prior particle boundaries)

Fig.6 Schematic of PPBs formation (EIGA—electrode induction melting gas atomization, HIP—hot isostatic pressing)

Table 2 Mechanical properties of PM Inconel 718 before and after special high-temperature heat treatments

Fig.7 SEM images of PM Inconel 718 alloys
(a) HT (b) SHT1 (c) SHT2 (d) SHT3

Fig.8 EBSD images (a, b) and grain size distribution histograms (c, d) of PM Inconel 718 alloys (A_ave.—average grain area)
(a, c) HT (b, d) SHT2

Fig.9 TEM analyses of carbide in PM Inconel 718 alloys by HT
(a) TEM image
(b) selected area electron diffraction pattern mark-ed as 1 in Fig.9a
(c) EDS marked as 1 in Fig.9a

Fig.10 SEM fractographs of tensile samples of Inconel 718 component
(a) HT (b) SHT1 (c) SHT2 (d) SHT3

Fig.11 SEM images of longitudinal sections near the fractures of tensile samples of Inconel 718 component
(a) HT (b) SHT2

Fig.12 Low (a) and locally high (b) magnified SEM fractographs of 650^oC tensile SHT2 samples of Inconel 718 component, and EDS of the dashed circle in Fig.12b (c)

Fig.13 SEM fractographs of impact samples of Inconel 718 component at room temperature
(a) HT (b) SHT2

Fig.14 Anatomical parts of PM Inconel 718 large complex component

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