<strong>Allvac 718Plus</strong>高温合金第二相演变与性能研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00191

金属学报

2025, Vol. 61

Issue (1): 43-58 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00191

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Allvac 718Plus高温合金第二相演变与性能研究进展

唐丽婷, 郭倩颖, 李冲, 丁然, 刘永长(

)

天津大学材料科学与工程学院天津 300354

Advances in Secondary Phase Evolution and Performance Enhancement of Allvac 718Plus Superalloy

TANG Liting, GUO Qianying, LI Chong, DING Ran, LIU Yongchang(

)

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China

引用本文:

唐丽婷, 郭倩颖, 李冲, 丁然, 刘永长. Allvac 718Plus高温合金第二相演变与性能研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(1): 43-58.
Liting TANG, Qianying GUO, Chong LI, Ran DING, Yongchang LIU. Advances in Secondary Phase Evolution and Performance Enhancement of Allvac 718Plus Superalloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2025, 61(1): 43-58.

全文: PDF(3777 KB) HTML

摘要:

Allvac 718Plus合金是在Inconel 718合金的基础上通过成分优化研制出的一种新型镍基高温合金，最高服役温度较Inconel 718合金提高约55 ℃，因其具有优异的抗蠕变、抗疲劳性能以及锻造、焊接等加工性能，在制造700 ℃服役部件上具有巨大潜力。作为一种应用时间较短的沉淀强化型高温合金，阐明其热处理过程中的第二相演变规律对于通过热处理调控组织从而优化合金性能具有重要意义。本文主要介绍了合金中的第二相，包括强化相γ′相、晶界相η相，以及在特定条件下析出的γ″相、δ相、σ相和C14 Laves相；分析了Allvac 718Plus合金标准热处理过程中γ′相和η相的析出行为，预固溶处理和直接时效处理的应用，以及长期时效过程中的第二相演变规律，提出复合γ″-γ′结构是实现合金长时服役的策略；结合高温服役过程中第二相的组织演变，分析了2种主要第二相对抗疲劳性能和抗蠕变性能的影响；确定了合金中缓慢的γ′相析出动力学与合金可焊性的匹配性，总结了Laves相和η相对焊接过程中的开裂及应变时效开裂的影响。

关键词 ： Allvac 718Plus合金, 第二相, 热处理, 高温性能, 焊接性能

Abstract：

Allvac 718Plus is a newly developed nickel-based superalloy derived from Inconel 718 alloy via composition optimization. Its maximum service temperature is approximately 55 ^oC higher than that of Inconel 718. With its excellent combination of creep resistance, fatigue resistance, machinability, and weldability, the Allvac 718Plus is highly suitable for manufacturing high-temperature components that can operate at up to 700 ^oC. As a precipitation-strengthened superalloy that is relatively new with limited application history, understanding the evolution of its secondary phases during heat treatment is crucial for optimizing its properties via microstructure control. In this context, the secondary phases found in Allvac 718Plus are introduced, including the primary strengthening γ′ phase, the main grain-boundary η phase, and the γ″, δ, σ, and C14 Laves phases that form under specific conditions. The precipitation behaviors of the γ′ and η phases during standard heat treatments are examined, along with the effects of presolidification and direct aging treatments. Additionally, the evolution of secondary phases during prolonged thermal exposure are explored. The results demonstrate that the formation of a more stable composite γ″-γ′ structure is a promising strategy to achieve long-term serviceability for the alloy. The influence of the microstructural evolution of secondary phases during high-temperature service on fatigue and creep resistance is also analyzed, focusing on the roles of the two primary secondary phases. Furthermore, this paper highlights the correlation between the sluggish kinetics of γ′ phase precipitation in Allvac 718Plus and its weldability. A comprehensive overview of the harmful effects of the Laves and η phases on cracking during welding and strain-age cracking is also provided.

Key words： Allvac 718Plus alloy secondary phase heat treatment high-temperature property weldability

收稿日期: 2024-06-05

ZTFLH:

TG166.7

基金资助:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52034004);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3705300)

通讯作者: 刘永长，ycliu@tju.edu.cn，主要从事金属成形与加工研究

Corresponding author: LIU Yongchang, professor, Tel: 13512214280, E-mail: ycliu@tju.edu.cn

作者简介: 唐丽婷，女，1999年生，博士生

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表1 Allvac 718Plus高温合金主要相的晶体结构及组成[4,18~22]

图1 Allvac 718Plus合金中主要第二相γ′和η的晶体结构

图2 Allvac 718Plus合金中2种拓扑密堆(TCP)相(σ相和Laves相)的晶体结构[18]

图3 Allvac 718Plus合金中Laves相[34]和σ相的TEM-EDS面扫结果

图4 经1000 ℃、1 h和920 ℃、1 h固溶处理后Allvac 718Plus合金晶界处的粒状η相和导致晶界锯齿化的针状η相[10]

图5 快速凝固Allvac 718Plus合金在960 ℃固溶处理过程中的第二相演变过程[34]

表2 经单级时效和双级时效处理Allvac 718Plus合金的显微硬度和等效的最大压力[46]

表3 快速凝固和锻造态Allvac 718Plus合金在704和760 ℃长期时效的γ′相粗化速率[29] (nm3·h-1)

图6 快速凝固Allvac 718Plus合金经长期时效后形成的γ″/γ′复合结构[29]

图7 快速凝固Allvac 718Plus合金经760 ℃、1000 h长期时效后形成的δ、η和σ相[29]

表4 锻造态Allvac 718Plus合金经704和760 ℃长期时效后的组织参数及相应室温和高温拉伸性能[38]

图8 经704 ℃、100 h和760 ℃、1000 h长期时效后锻造态Allvac 718Plus合金的室温和高温(704 ℃)沉淀强化机制[38]

图9 经固溶处理后炉冷至时效温度的锻造态Allvac 718Plus在长期时效过程中γ″/γ′复合结构的演变示意图[28]

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