Ti-6Al-4V表面电子束熔覆(Ti, W)C1-x复合涂层的形成及摩擦性能

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00340

金属学报

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (7): 1025-1035 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00340

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Ti-6Al-4V表面电子束熔覆(Ti, W)C₁_-_x复合涂层的形成及摩擦性能

刘东雷¹, 陈情¹, 王德², 张睿², 王文琴¹^,⁴(

)

1.南昌大学机电工程学院南昌 330031
2.南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院南昌 330063
3.Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
4.清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室北京 100084

Formation and Friction Properties of Electron Beam Cladding (Ti, W)C₁_-_x Composite Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V

LIU Donglei¹, CHEN Qing¹, WANG De², ZHANG Rui², Tomiko Yamaguchi³, WANG Wenqin¹^,⁴(

)

1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
2. School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
3. Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
4. State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

引用本文:

刘东雷, 陈情, 王德, 张睿, 王文琴. Ti-6Al-4V表面电子束熔覆(Ti, W)C₁_-_x复合涂层的形成及摩擦性能[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(7): 1025-1035.
Donglei LIU, Qing CHEN, De WANG, Rui ZHANG, Yamaguchi Tomiko, Wenqin WANG. Formation and Friction Properties of Electron Beam Cladding (Ti, W)C₁_-_x Composite Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(7): 1025-1035.

全文: PDF(4567 KB) HTML

摘要:

通过高能电子束熔覆技术，利用WC-10Co粉末在Ti-6Al-4V (TC4)合金表面制备了(Ti, W)C_1-_x复合涂层。采用SEM、EPMA和XRD等手段对不同熔覆电流下复合涂层的显微组织和相组成进行了分析，讨论了各相的形成机理；采用显微硬度计和球盘摩擦实验设备对复合涂层的显微硬度和摩擦性能进行分析，讨论了不同熔覆电流下复合涂层的摩擦机理。结果表明，3种复合涂层中WC粉末均全部分解，涂层由α-Ti、β-Ti、树枝状和块状(Ti, W)C_1-_x及少量W组成。复合涂层厚度为400~600 μm，涂层与基体结合性良好。与基体相比，(Ti, W)C_1-_x复合涂层的平均硬度和耐磨性提高2~3倍且随熔覆电流增加而降低，在熔覆电流为12 mA时，表面显微硬度最高为860 HV；熔覆电流为12和15 mA时摩擦机理分别为轻微磨粒磨损和严重的磨粒磨损，而18 mA时还伴随着少量疲劳磨损。

关键词 ：电子束熔覆, 金属基复合材料, 钛合金, (Ti, W)C₁_-x

Abstract：

The (Ti, W)C_1-_x composite coatings were prepared on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloy by high energy electron beam cladding technology using WC-10Co powder. The microstructure and phase composition of the composite coatings under different cladding currents were analyzed by SEM, EPMA and XRD, and the formation mechanism of each phase was discussed in detail. The microhardness and friction property of the composite coatings were analyzed by microhardness tester and ball-disk friction test equipment, and the friction mechanism of the composite coatings under different cladding currents was discussed. The results show that the WC powders in the three composite coatings were completely dissolved. The coating consists of α-Ti, β-Ti, dendritic and block (Ti, W)C_1-_x, and a small amount of W. The thickness of the coatings ranges from 400 to 600 μm, and the adhesion between the coatings and the substrate was good. Compared with the substrate, the average hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings increased by 2~3 times and decreased with the increase of cladding current. The surface microhardness was up to 860 HV at the cladding current of 12 mA. In addition, the friction mechanism was abrasive wear at 12 mA and it became severer at 15 mA; at the cladding current of 18 mA, a little fatigue wear was also proved.

Key words： electron-beam cladding metal-matrix composite Ti alloy (Ti, W)C₁_-x

收稿日期: 2019-10-11

ZTFLH:

TG113

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51765041);摩擦学国家重点实验室摩擦学科学基金项目(5KLTLF17B07)

作者简介: 刘东雷，男，1976年生，副教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00340 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V56/I7/1025

图1 WC-10Co粉末的SEM像和XRD谱

图2 不同熔覆电流时3种复合涂层横截面总体形貌的SEM像

图3 不同熔覆电流时，涂层不同部位显微组织的SEM-BSE像(从左到右分别为上部、中部和界面处）

图4 不同熔覆电流下复合涂层的XRD谱

图5 不同复合涂层EPMA点分析位置BSE像

表1 图5中对应点的EPMA分析 (atomic fraction / %)

图6 涂层中各相的形成原理图

图7 不同熔覆电流下复合涂层的显微硬度分布图

图8 基体及不同熔覆电流下复合涂层的摩擦实验结果

图9 摩擦实验后基体和涂层表面SEM像及局部放大图

表2 图9中不同点的元素EDS成分分析 (atomic fraction / %)

图10 摩擦实验后基体和涂层对应的磨球表面形貌及EDS结果

图11 涂层的摩擦机理示意图

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