升温过程中Nb和Nb-Mo微合金化钢中碳化物的析出行为研究

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00424

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (3): 315-324 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00424

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

升温过程中Nb和Nb-Mo微合金化钢中碳化物的析出行为研究

张正延^1,², 李昭东¹, 雍岐龙¹, 孙新军¹(

), 王振强³, 王国栋²

1 钢铁研究总院工程用钢研究所, 北京 100081
2 东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室, 沈阳 110819
3 首钢技术研究院, 北京 100043

PRECIPITATION BEHAVIOR OF CARBIDE DURING HEATING PROCESS IN Nb AND Nb-Mo MICRO-ALLOYED STEELS

ZHANG Zhengyan^1,², LI Zhaodong¹, YONG Qilong¹(

), SUN Xinjun¹, WANG Zhenqiang³, WANG Guodong²

1 Department of Structural Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institure, Beijing 100081
2 State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819
3 Shougang Research Institute of Technology, Beijing 100043

引用本文:

张正延, 李昭东, 雍岐龙, 孙新军, 王振强, 王国栋. 升温过程中Nb和Nb-Mo微合金化钢中碳化物的析出行为研究[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(3): 315-324.
Zhengyan ZHANG, Zhaodong LI, Qilong YONG, Xinjun SUN, Zhenqiang WANG, Guodong WANG. PRECIPITATION BEHAVIOR OF CARBIDE DURING HEATING PROCESS IN Nb AND Nb-Mo MICRO-ALLOYED STEELS[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(3): 315-324.

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摘要:

利用Gleeble热模拟实验机、Vickers硬度计、SEM, HRTEM及DSC研究了淬火态含Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢在升温过程中碳化物的析出行为. 利用经典形核长大理论及Avrami方程对淬火态钢中MC型碳化物的析出动力学进行了计算. 结果表明, 含Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢淬火后以20 ℃/min的速率加热至不同温度水冷, 在300和700 ℃, 由于e-碳化物和MC型碳化物析出而出现了硬度峰值. MC型碳化物在650 ℃左右析出, 由于析出强化而硬度上升, 与理论计算得到的MC型碳化物的析出鼻子点温度约650 ℃的结果相一致. Mo进入NbC中降低了NbC与铁素体基体的错配度, 从而减小了析出相与铁素体基体间的界面能, 使得(Nb, Mo)C析出动力学加快, 所以Nb-Mo钢中析出相粒子分布更为密集, 尺寸更为细小, 具有较高的析出强化作用.

关键词 ：碳化物, 析出, Vickers硬度, 界面能

Abstract：

As an important carbide forming element, Nb plays an important role in steel. Precipitated Nb can restrain the austenite grain growth during soaking process and provide precipitation strengthening after g/a phase transformation. Precipitated or dissolved Nb can inhibit recrystallizaton of deformed austenite. Recently, both Nb and Mo are added in steel to enhance the role of Nb. However, these kinds of researches mostly focused on continual cooling process of g/a transformation or isothermal process during tempering, and precipitation behavior of MC-type carbide in steel containing Nb and Mo during reheating process and the effect of Mo on precipitation of NbC in ferrite were rarely reported. Therefore, in this work, precipitation behaviors of MC-type carbide and the synergistic effect of Nb and Mo in steel containing Nb or Nb-Mo during reheating process at the heat rate 20 ℃/min were investigated by means of Vickers hardness test, SEM, HRTEM and DSC. The results show that both Nb and Nb-Mo steels have hardness peaks at 300 and 700 ℃, which are attributed to the precipitation of e-carbide and MC-type carbide, respectively. The MC-type carbide precipitates at about 650 ℃ during reheating process, which is in a good agreement with the nose temperature of MC-type carbide calculated by Avrami equation. (Nb, Mo)C particle forming in Nb-Mo steel during precipitation has a small mismatch with ferrite matrix compared with NbC, leading to the decrease of interfacial energy. Thus, the precipitation kinetic of MC-type carbide in Nb-Mo steel is faster than that in Nb steel, which results in the denser and finer MC-type carbide and higher precipitation strengthening effect.

Key words： carbide precipitation Vickers hardness interfacial energy

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:*国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 2010CB630805和国家自然科学基金项目51201036 资助

作者简介: null

张正延, 男, 1986年生, 博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00424 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I3/315

表1 实验用含Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢的化学成分

图1 Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢淬火态和升温至不同温度后水冷的Vickers硬度

图2 经1200 ℃均热5 h水淬后含Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢的SEM像

图3 Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢升温至不同温度水冷后的SEM像

图4 淬火后Nb-Mo微合金钢中M/A岛的TEM明场像、暗场像、衍射谱和加热至300 ℃水冷后Nb-Mo微合金钢中e-碳化物的TEM像及EDS谱

图5 Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢分别加热至500, 600和700 ℃立即水冷后的TEM像

图 6 Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢中析出相的形貌、HRTEM像和相应的EDS谱

图 7 Nb和Nb-Mo微合金钢在升温过程中的DSC曲线

图8 (NbxMo1-x)C的点阵常数随Mo原子占位分数的变化

图 9 (NbxMo1-x)C与铁素体基体间的界面能随温度的变化

图 10 (NbxMo1-x)C在升温过程中析出时的临界形核功 ΔGc 和临界形核尺寸 dc 随温度的变化

图11 (NbxMo1-x)C在升温过程中的析出-温度-时间(PTT)动力学曲线

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