均质化温度对<strong>3003</strong>铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00257

金属学报

2026, Vol. 62

Issue (9): 1503-1516 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00257

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

均质化温度对3003铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律

刘泽田¹^,², 路伟昭¹, 徐新宇¹(

), 刘旭¹, 张少游¹, 王慧远¹^,³(

)

1 河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院天津 300401
2 内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院呼和浩特 010051
3 吉林大学材料科学与工程学院长春 130012

Effect of Homogenization Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 3003 Aluminum Alloys

LIU Zetian¹^,², LU Weizhao¹, XU Xinyu¹(

), LIU Xu¹, ZHANG Shaoyou¹, WANG Huiyuan¹^,³(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

引用本文:

刘泽田, 路伟昭, 徐新宇, 刘旭, 张少游, 王慧远. 均质化温度对3003铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响规律[J]. 金属学报, 2026, 62(9): 1503-1516.
Zetian LIU, Weizhao LU, Xinyu XU, Xu LIU, Shaoyou ZHANG, Huiyuan WANG. Effect of Homogenization Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 3003 Aluminum Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2026, 62(9): 1503-1516.

全文: PDF(5021 KB) HTML

摘要:

针对当前3003铝合金力学性能偏低的难题，本工作借助热力学模拟、SEM、EBSD及TEM等手段系统研究了3003铝合金的凝固行为及均质化温度对铝合金微观组织的影响，揭示了不同状态下微观组织与力学性能的关系。结果表明，在凝固过程中，3003铝合金共晶α-AlMnFeSi的形成和长大主要受熔体中Mn元素控制；同时，均质化温度显著影响析出相的尺寸、分布及晶粒边缘区域无析出带(PFZ)的平均宽度，进而影响合金的力学性能。(555 ± 5) ℃均质热处理后，析出相体积分数较高且尺寸较小，显著提升了退火及加工硬化态试样的屈服强度(比(600 ± 5) ℃均质热处理试样高出16~21 MPa)。

关键词 ： Al-Mn铝合金, 均质化热处理, 加工硬化, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

To enhance the poor mechanical properties of 3003 aluminum alloys, their solidification behavior as well as the effect of the homogenization temperature on their microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically investigated based on thermodynamic simulations, SEM, EBSD, and TEM. The results showed that during the solidification of 3003 aluminum alloys, the formation and growth of eutectic α-AlMnFeSi are mainly governed by the Mn content in the melt. Furthermore, during the homogenization process, the precipitate size and distribution as well as the average width of the precipitate-free zones at the grain boundaries are strongly affected by the homogenization temperature, which impacts the mechanical properties of the alloys. Homogenization at (555 ± 5) °C resulted in a higher precipitate volume fraction and smaller precipitate size, considerably enhancing the yield strength of the annealed and work-hardened 3003 aluminum alloys. In particular, the yield strength of the 3003 aluminum alloys homogenized at (555 ± 5) °C was 16-21 MPa higher than those of the alloys homogenized at (600 ± 5) °C.

Key words： Al-Mn aluminum alloy homogenization heat treatment work hardening microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2024-08-14

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52261015);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2022QN05005);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20220109);河北省教育厅科学研究项目(BJK2024023);河北省教育厅科学研究项目(BJK2024061)

通讯作者: 徐新宇，xinyuxu@connect.hku.hk，主要从事金属材料变形行为研究;
王慧远，wanghuiyuan@hebut.edu.cn，主要从事高强韧轻合金设计与制备研究

作者简介: 刘泽田，男，1986年生，副教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2024.00257 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I9/1503

图1 样品制备工艺路线图

图2 不同状态下3003铝合金的SEM-BSE像及对应的局部放大图

图3 不同状态下3003铝合金的TEM像及EDS结果

图4 LT试样(经(555 ± 5) ℃均质化热处理的试样)析出相TEM表征结果

表1 LT和HT试样中析出相特征计算参数及计算结果(HT试样为经(600 ± 5) ℃均质化热处理试样)

图5 不同状态下3003铝合金的EBSD反极图

图6 分别对应于图5a~f的几何必需位错分布图

图7 不同状态下试样的工程应力-应变曲线

表2 不同状态下LT和HT试样的力学性能

图8 3003铝合金的凝固路径(Scheil模型)，计算得到的溶质分配系数和fcc相中溶质元素质量分数随固相分数的变化情况，铸态试样微观组织形貌，及实际凝固组织晶内溶质元素的质量分数分布规律

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