高温合金超限构件精密铸造技术及发展趋势

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00569

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (4): 412-427 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00569

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高温合金超限构件精密铸造技术及发展趋势

孙宝德¹^,²(

), 王俊¹^,²(

), 康茂东¹, 汪东红¹, 董安平¹, 王飞³, 高海燕¹, 王国祥¹, 杜大帆¹

^1.上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院上海市先进高温材料及其精密成形重点实验室上海 200240
^2.上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室上海 200240
^3.上海工程技术大学材料工程学院高温合金精密成型研究中心上海 201620

Investment Casting Technology and Development Trend of Superalloy Ultra Limit Components

SUN Baode¹^,²(

), WANG Jun¹^,²(

), KANG Maodong¹, WANG Donghong¹, DONG Anping¹, WANG Fei³, GAO Haiyan¹, WANG Guoxiang¹, DU Dafan¹

^1.Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
^2.State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
^3.Research Center of High-Temperature Alloy Precision Forming, School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

引用本文:

孙宝德, 王俊, 康茂东, 汪东红, 董安平, 王飞, 高海燕, 王国祥, 杜大帆. 高温合金超限构件精密铸造技术及发展趋势[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(4): 412-427.
Baode SUN, Jun WANG, Maodong KANG, Donghong WANG, Anping DONG, Fei WANG, Haiyan GAO, Guoxiang WANG, Dafan DU. Investment Casting Technology and Development Trend of Superalloy Ultra Limit Components[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(4): 412-427.

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摘要:

高温合金铸件是航空航天重大装备中不可或缺的热端部件，正向尺寸更大、结构更复杂和壁厚更薄的方向发展，对其内部冶金质量和外部尺寸精度的要求也愈加严苛，逐渐超出了传统熔模精密铸造技术的成型极限。疏松缺陷控制、薄壁完整充型、尺寸精度和表面质量控制已经成为大型复杂薄壁高温合金铸件制造的关键难题。本文系统综述了国内外高温合金铸造工艺设计、模壳制备、全流程尺寸精度和调压成型技术的研究现状，并对基于大数据的铸造智能化发展趋势进行了分析与展望。

关键词 ：高温合金, 工艺设计, 熔模铸造, 调压铸造, 全流程尺寸, 发展趋势

Abstract：

Superalloy casting is an important hot component in major aerospace equipment. It is being developed for larger and more complex structures and thinner wall thickness than traditional superalloy casting. The requirements of its internal metallurgical quality and external dimensional accuracy are becoming increasingly stringent, gradually exceeding the manufacturing limit of traditional investment casting technology. Shrinkage porosity defect control, thin-walled complete filling, dimensional accuracy, and surface quality control have become key challenges in the manufacturing of large and complex thin-walled superalloy castings. This paper systematically summarizes the research status of the superalloy casting process design, mold shell preparation, whole process dimensional accuracy, and adjusted pressure casting technique at home and abroad. This paper also analyzes and predicts the development trend of intelligent casting based on big data.

Key words： superalloy process design investment casting adjusted pressure casting whole process size development trend

收稿日期: 2021-12-20

ZTFLH:

TG21

基金资助:国家科技重大专项项目(J2019-VI-0004-0117);国家自然科学基金项目(51821001);国家自然科学基金项目(52090042);国家自然科学基金项目(52031012)

作者简介: 孙宝德，男，1963年生，教授

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	杜大帆
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图1 润湿角测量实验和润湿角计算示意图[40]

图2 全石英与石油焦改性型壳的样品对照和厚度对比[47]

图3 使用数字光处理技术制备的陶瓷型壳及浇注的铸件[53]

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