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金属学报  2019, Vol. 55 Issue (8): 997-1007    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00428
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GH4169合金圆盘时效过程残余应力的演化规律研究
秦海龙,张瑞尧,毕中南(),杜洪标,张金辉
1. 钢铁研究总院高温合金新材料北京市重点实验室 北京 100081
2. 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 北京 100081
3. Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
4. ISIS Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
Study on the Evolution of Residual Stress During Ageing Treatment in a GH4169 Alloy Disk
Hailong QIN,Ruiyao ZHANG,Zhongnan BI(),Lee Tung Lik,Hongbiao DONG,Jinhui DU,Ji ZHANG
1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Materials, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
2. CISRI-GAONA Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100081, China
3. Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
4. ISIS Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
引用本文:

秦海龙,张瑞尧,毕中南,杜洪标,张金辉. GH4169合金圆盘时效过程残余应力的演化规律研究[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(8): 997-1007.
Hailong QIN, Ruiyao ZHANG, Zhongnan BI, Lee Tung Lik, Hongbiao DONG, Jinhui DU, Ji ZHANG. Study on the Evolution of Residual Stress During Ageing Treatment in a GH4169 Alloy Disk[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(8): 997-1007.

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摘要: 

以固溶水淬后的GH4169合金圆盘为研究对象,采用原位中子衍射法研究了时效热处理中的升温、保温和空冷3个阶段残余应力的演化行为,分析了残余应力的演化规律和松弛机制。考虑到工件内部残余应力对γ″相析出行为的影响,采用了2种无应力标样作为分析应力的基准。结果表明,淬火后圆盘中心的旋向和径向存在340.62 MPa的拉应力,轴向存在-33.34 MPa的压应力。升温阶段,材料屈服强度随温度的升高而降低,部分残余应力通过塑性变形进行释放,圆盘中心旋向/径向残余应力从340.62 MPa降至227.67 MPa。保温阶段,残余应力通过蠕变变形进行释放,随着γ″相逐渐析出,蠕变抗力增大,保温阶段的残余应力松弛主要集中在保温的早期。空冷阶段残余应力基本保持不变。

关键词 高温合金时效残余应力原位中子衍射    
Abstract

GH4169 alloy, a precipitation-strengthened nickel-iron base superalloy, has been widely used in aerospace and energy industries due to its excellent high-temperature strength which derived from the coherent phases (γ″ and γ'). To form these precipitates, the manufacturing process of GH4169 usually involves solid solution heat treatment followed by rapid cooling and double ageing heat treatment. Significant residual stresses are induced during rapid cooling and then partially relieved during the subsequent ageing treatment. However, the reduced residual stress after ageing are still large enough to affect the final machining operations, resulting in the component exceeding the dimensional tolerances if they are not well considered. Furthermore, residual stresses in the final components may lead to further distortion beyond estimation during service, which could deteriorate the engine performances. In the present study, the evolution of residual stresses at heating, isothermal ageing, and air-cooling stages of ageing heat treatment in a GH4169 alloy disk was characterized by in situ neutron diffraction. Considering the effect of residual stresses on the precipitation behavior of γ″, two different types of stress-free samples were used as the basis for the stress analysis. The results show that significant residual stresses were induced during water quenching, which were found to be 340.62 MPa tensile in hoop/radial directions and 33.34 MPa compressive in axial direction in the center of the disk. Subsequently, an in situ ageing heat treatment was undertaken at 720 ℃ for 8 h. During the heating stage, the yield strength of the material decreases with increasing temperature, leading to residual stress relaxation through plastic deformation from 340.62 MPa to 227.67 MPa in hoop/radial direction in the disk center. At the isothermal ageing stage, residual stresses relieved apparently by about 40 MPa during the first 100 min, later on a slower linear relaxation remained for the rest of the ageing heat treatment. The strength of the alloy increased and the creep rate decreased due to the formation of γ″ and γ′ strengthening phases, indicating that most of stress relaxation occurred as a result of creep deformation at the early stage of isothermal ageing. The magnitude of residual stress was almost invariable in the subsequent air-cooling stage.

Key wordssuperalloy    ageing treatment    residual stress    in situ neutron diffraction
收稿日期: 2018-09-07     
ZTFLH:  TG115.23  
基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目((No.2017YFB0702901));国家自然科学基金项目((No.U1708253))
作者简介: 秦海龙,男,1989年生,博士
图1  原位中子衍射实验平台的搭建
图2  中子衍射谱仪光路及衍射点位置示意图
图3  无应力s0试样示意图
图4  圆盘D1加热过程中的升温曲线
图5  固溶水淬后圆盘试样微观组织的OM和SEM像
图6  不同保温时间下动态无应力标样和静态无应力标样的TEM明场像

Temperature

Direction

a / nmStrain / 10-6Stress / MPa
ValueErrorValueErrorValueError

20

Hoop/Radial0.3607680.00000751251.6820.82340.6210.01
Axial0.3598960.0000072-1168.4219.98-33.349.88

340

Hoop/Radial0.3624510.00000851373.1023.48321.859.28
Axial0.3614860.0000079-1292.9821.83-60.709.04

530

Hoop/Radial0.3634920.00000911315.1125.07289.739.33
Axial0.3625500.0000085-1279.6922.59-65.718.99

720

Hoop/Radial0.3644280.00001011165.9927.75227.6710.38
Axial0.3635020.0000088-1351.9624.18-77.749.94
表1  升温过程中的晶格常数、应变及残余应力随温度的变化情况
图7  保温时效过程中圆盘中心和无应力标样晶格常数变化曲线
图8  保温时效过程中圆盘中心残余应力演化规律
图9  时效升温、保温和空冷阶段圆盘中心残余应力的演化行为
图10  圆盘中心旋向/径向在时效开始(5 min)和结束(480 min)时的衍射谱及(200)晶面衍射峰分解
图11  应力拟合分析误差随时效时间的变化
图12  不同温度下淬火态GH4169合金的屈服强度
图13  GH4169合金时效保温过程中的组织及性能演化
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