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金属学报  2017, Vol. 53 Issue (12): 1555-1567    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00324
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医用多孔Ti及钛合金的国内研究现状
张二林1, 王晓燕2, 憨勇3()
1 东北大学材料科学与工程学院材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室 沈阳 110819
2 东北大学冶金学院 沈阳 110819
3 西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室 西安 710049
Research Status of Biomedical Porous Ti and Its Alloy in China
Erlin ZHANG1, Xiaoyan WANG2, Yong HAN3()
1 Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
2 School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
3 State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
引用本文:

张二林, 王晓燕, 憨勇. 医用多孔Ti及钛合金的国内研究现状[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(12): 1555-1567.
Erlin ZHANG, Xiaoyan WANG, Yong HAN. Research Status of Biomedical Porous Ti and Its Alloy in China[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(12): 1555-1567.

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摘要: 

多孔Ti继承了钛合金较高的比刚度、比强度等物理化学特性、优异的耐腐蚀性和生物相容性,其独特的孔隙结构又赋予其超低密度和大比表面积等特点,是结构功能一体化的人体替代材料,近年来在临床医学领域得到了非常广泛的应用。众多研究和应用表明,多孔Ti的性能和功能强烈依赖于不同方法制备多孔Ti的孔隙结构。表面活化技术可显著提高多孔Ti的表面活性,缩短植入人体后的愈合期。本文针对多孔Ti的结构和性能特点,介绍了多孔Ti的常见制备方法,对多孔Ti的表面改性、生物活性与骨诱导性及国内的研究现状进行了总结,展望了生物医用多孔Ti及钛合金的发展。
关键词 ： 多孔Ti,  钛合金,  耐蚀性,  生物相容性,  制备方法,  表面改性    
Abstract：

Porous Ti not only inherits the physical and chemical properties of titanium alloy, such as higher special stiffness, special strength, excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, but also its unique pore structure gives it the characteristic of ultra-low density and large surface area. It is an alternative material for human body with structural and functional integration. It has been widely used in the field of clinical medicien in recent years. Many research and applications show that the properties and functions of porous Ti strongly depend on the pore structure of porous Ti prepared by different methods. Surface activation technology can significantly improve the surface activity of porous Ti and shorten the healing period after implantation. In this paper the common preparation methods of porous Ti were introduced based on the structure and properties of porous Ti. The surface modification, biological activity, osteoinductive properties of porous Ti and their domestic research status were summrized. The development of biomedical porous Ti and titanium alloys was prospected.
Key words： porous Ti    titanium alloy    corrosion resistance    biocompatibility    preparation method    surface modification
收稿日期: 2017-07-31     
ZTFLH:  TG146.23  
基金资助:西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室开放研究项目No.20151703
作者简介:

作者简介 张二林,男,1968年生,教授, 博士
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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00324      或      https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2017/V53/I12/1555

Classification Sub-classification
Sinter method Method of pore-forming agent, method of fiber entanglement, microsphere stacking method, sponge-soaking process, foaming method etc.
Method of rapid prototyping Gelcasting method, 3D printing method, injection shaping method etc.
Deposition method Reactive deposition method, electrodeposition method, vacuum evaporation method, plasma spraying method etc.
表1  多孔Ti及钛合金的制备方法[19,20]
Classification Sub-classification
Mechanical method Cutting method, grinding method, polishing method, sandblast method and laser etching method etc.
Physical method Thermal spraying method, ion implantation method, laser cladding method, ion beam sputtering method and magnetron sputtering method etc.
Chemical method Acid treatment, alkali treatment, acid and alkaline 2-step, sol-gel method and surface induced mineralization etc.
Electrochemical method Micro-arc oxidation, anodic oxidation, electrochemical crystallization and electrophoretic deposition etc.
Biochemical method Protein activation, growth factor activation and active peptide activation etc.
表2  多孔Ti与钛合金的表面改性方法[60]
Materal E / GPa σt / MPa σc / MPa σN / MPa
Bone tissue 0.3~30 121~146 88.3~193.0 -
Stainless steel 200 465~950 170~310 170~750
CoCrMo alloy 200~230 600~1795 - 275~1585
Pure Ti 102.7~104.1 240~550 590~1117 170~485
TC4 alloy 50~114 860~930 - 795~896
Porous Ti 18~20 - 13.5~237.0 40
表3  自体骨与常用骨修复材料的力学性能[78,79]
图1  不同方法处理后Ti表面XRD分析结果[82]
图2  不同温度和时间热处理后的Ti表面活化层形貌(含Ca量为(0.42±0.05)%,原子分数)[83]
图3  新骨沿0.5% (质量分数) Si-HA涂层向外生长[83]
图4  新骨在含有0.5%Si-HA涂层的多孔Ti中向内生长[83]
Group 1 d 2 d 3 d 4 d
Porous Ti 0.0865±0.0234 0.1568±0.0254 0.2786±0.0198 0.3246±0.0236
Porous HA 0.0901±0.0189 0.1578±0.0216 0.2895±0.0235 0.3328±0.0186
表4  多孔Ti及HA培养细胞的吸光度[90]
图5  细胞在多孔Ti及HA上的生长[90]
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