晶界特征对316不锈钢沿晶应力腐蚀开裂裂纹萌生的影响<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00285

金属学报

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (3): 313-319 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00285

论文

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晶界特征对316不锈钢沿晶应力腐蚀开裂裂纹萌生的影响^*

张子龙,夏爽(

),曹伟,李慧,周邦新,白琴

上海大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 200072

EFFECTS OF GRAIN BOUNDARY CHARACTER ON INTERGRANULAR STRESS CORROSION CRACKING INITIATION IN 316 STAINLESS STEEL

Zilong ZHANG,Shuang XIA(

),Wei CAO,Hui LI,Bangxin ZHOU,Qin BAI

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China

引用本文:

张子龙, 夏爽, 曹伟, 李慧, 周邦新, 白琴. 晶界特征对316不锈钢沿晶应力腐蚀开裂裂纹萌生的影响^*[J]. 金属学报, 2016, 52(3): 313-319.
Zilong ZHANG, Shuang XIA, Wei CAO, Hui LI, Bangxin ZHOU, Qin BAI. EFFECTS OF GRAIN BOUNDARY CHARACTER ON INTERGRANULAR STRESS CORROSION CRACKING INITIATION IN 316 STAINLESS STEEL[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(3): 313-319.

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摘要:

研究了晶界结构特征及晶界两侧晶粒的变形难易程度(Schmid因子)对316不锈钢(316SS)不同晶界萌生应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)裂纹的影响. 通过形变及热处理工艺获得晶粒尺寸较大的样品, 制作成薄样品, 使样品厚度相当于一个晶粒的尺寸. 采用三点弯曲加载方式, 在沸腾的酸化NaCl溶液中进行SCC实验来研究316SS不同晶界萌生SCC裂纹的倾向性. 结果表明, 沿晶型的SCC裂纹在随机晶界处萌生的倾向性最高, 而在Σ3晶界处的SCC裂纹萌生倾向性很低. 分别统计了大量随机晶界和Σ3晶界两侧晶粒的Schmid因子及其差值的绝对值(Δm), 结果表明, 随机晶界数量随Δm值的变化规律不明显, Σ3晶界数量随Δm值增大明显下降; 在0<Δm<0.1范围内, 随机晶界和Σ3晶界萌生SCC裂纹的倾向性都随着Δm的增加而增加.

关键词 ： 316不锈钢, 应力腐蚀开裂, 沿晶裂纹萌生, Schmid因子

Abstract：

316 stainless steel (316SS) is widely used due to a combination of good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) is a serious problem for 316SS exposed to aggressive environments, which could result in unexpected failures and lead to huge losses. The grain boundary structure and local stress applied on the grain boundary are proved to have significant influence on the initiation of the IGSCC. In this work, thermal-mechanical processing was applied to the 316SS to yield a large-grained sample. The sample plates with a single-grained thickness were subjected to three-points bending SCC tests in an acidified boiling 25%NaCl solution. The result shows that the random grain boundaries (GBs) have the highest propensity to IGSCC initiation, while the Σ3 GBs shows very low tendency to IGSCC initiation. The absolute values of Schmid factor mismatch (Δm) between the grains on both sides of the GBs were analyzed for a large number of GBs. The distribution of the Δm for the Σ3 GBs is obviously different from that of the random GBs. The Δm has significant influence on the IGSCC susceptibility in the range of 0<Δm<0.1. The larger value of the Δm, the higher propensity for the IGSCC initiation at the GBs, for both the random GBs and the Σ3 GBs.

Key words： 316 stainless steel stress corrosion cracking intergranular cracking initiation Schmid factor

收稿日期: 2015-05-27

基金资助:*国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2011CB605002和上海市科委重点支撑项目13520500500资助

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00285 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2016/V52/I3/313

图1 应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)样品及三点弯曲加载装置的示意图

图2 316不锈钢(316SS)时效处理后的OM像和不同特征晶界的取向成像显微(OIM)图

图3 316SS的晶界特征分布直方图

图4 经SCC实验不同时间后316SS的OM像

图5 经SCC实验13 h后316SS中萌生裂纹区域的SEM和EBSD像

图6 经SCC实验不同时间后316SS表面不同类型晶界萌生裂纹的统计

图7 随机晶界和Σ3晶界数量与晶界两侧晶粒Schmid因子差值绝对值Δm的关系

图8 经SCC 实验不同时间后316SS 中萌生裂纹的随机晶界与晶界两侧晶粒Dm类别的关系

图9 经SCC 实验不同时间后316SS 中萌生裂纹的低SCSL晶界与晶界两侧晶粒Dm类别的关系

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