外加电位对X90钢及其焊缝在近中性土壤模拟溶液中应力腐蚀行为的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00530

金属学报

2017, Vol. 53

Issue (7): 797-807 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00530

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外加电位对X90钢及其焊缝在近中性土壤模拟溶液中应力腐蚀行为的影响

苑洪钟^1,²,刘智勇^1,²(

),李晓刚^1,^2,³,杜翠薇^1,²

1 北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心北京 100083
2 北京科技大学腐蚀与防护教育部重点实验室北京 100083
3 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所宁波 315201

Influence of Applied Potential on the Stress Corrosion Behavior of X90 Pipeline Steel and Its Weld Joint in Simulated Solution of Near Neutral Soil Environment

Hongzhong YUAN^1,²,Zhiyong LIU^1,²(

),Xiaogang LI^1,^2,³,Cuiwei DU^1,²

1 Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2 Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Protection of Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3 Material Technology and Engineering Research Institute of Ningbo, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China

引用本文:

苑洪钟,刘智勇,李晓刚,杜翠薇. 外加电位对X90钢及其焊缝在近中性土壤模拟溶液中应力腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(7): 797-807.
Hongzhong YUAN, Zhiyong LIU, Xiaogang LI, Cuiwei DU. Influence of Applied Potential on the Stress Corrosion Behavior of X90 Pipeline Steel and Its Weld Joint in Simulated Solution of Near Neutral Soil Environment[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(7): 797-807.

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摘要:

采用慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)实验、动电位极化技术和SEM观察等方法,研究了X90钢基体和焊缝在近中性土壤模拟溶液中不同阴极保护电位下的应力腐蚀行为。结果表明,X90管线钢及其焊缝组织在近中性土壤模拟溶液中均具有一定的应力腐蚀敏感性,裂纹扩展为穿晶腐蚀裂纹;应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)的裂纹萌生与扩展与外加保护电位有关。在开路电位(OCP)~-1000 mV的电位范围内,X90钢的SCC机制均为阳极溶解(AD)+氢脆(HE)的混合机制;在OCP下,由于AD作用较强,SCC敏感性较明显;在-800 mV下,由于AD和HE作用均较弱,导致SCC敏感性最低;而在-900 mV时,由于HE作用明显增强,具有最高的SCC敏感性;在相同电位条件下,焊缝的SCC敏感性高于母材。

关键词 ： X90钢, 近中性土壤环境, 电化学行为, 应力腐蚀开裂

Abstract：

Pipe is the main mode of transportation of oil and gas contemporary, and its security and reliability has an important influence on the smooth development of regional economy and even the security situation. For decades, quite a number of researches have been mainly focusing on various factors on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of both high and middle strength pipeline steels in soil or underground water conditions, but the division of the sensitive potential ranges which determines the different SCC mechanisms was rarely reported. Soil environmental stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of pipeline steel in the process of service operation is one of the biggest security hidden dangers. The external environment SCC of pipeline steel mainly includes two modes, high pH SCC and close to neutral pH SCC. Between them, the high pH SCC occurred mainly in CO₃^2-/HCO₃^- under the coating of liquid, the mechanism of cracking is widely regarded as membrane rupture, crack tip anodic dissolution mechanism; near neutral pH SCC occurred mainly in the coating containing low concentration of HCO₃^- resident fluid or groundwater environment. Due to pipe in the process of serving for a long time, pipeline external coating damage and strip defects are common, under the joint action of the applied potential and soil medium, SCC will generally occur in nearly neutral pH environment, which lead to a serious risk in nearly neutral pH SCC. As a new generation of high strength pipeline steel, the X90 steel probes into its SCC sensitivity at different applied potentials in a certain pH environment is of great significance. In this work, the SCC behavior as well as its mechanism of X90 pipeline steel and its weld joint in an simulated solution of the near neutral soil environment (NS4 solution) were studied by slow strain rate tensile tests (SSRT), potentiodynamic polarization tests and SEM observation of fracture surfaces. The results showed that both the as received X90 pipeline steel and its weld joint have obvious SCC susceptibilities, which initiated and extended in transgranular cracking mode under different applied potentials. Within the potential ranges from OCP to -1000 mV, the SCC mechanism of both X90 steel and its weld joint microstructures are a combined mechanisms of anodic dissolution (AD) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE), i.e. the AD+HE mechanism. The SCC susceptibility is apparent under the OCP due to a strong AD effect. At -800 mV, the SCC susceptibility comes to a minimum due to AD and HE being weaker, and it presents the highest SCC susceptibility at -900 mV because the HE effect was greatly enhanced. The SCC susceptibility of the weld organization is higher than that of the base metal, which may be related to organization phase transformation in the welds and metallurgical reaction.

Key words： X90 pipeline steel near neutral soil environment electrochemical behavior stress corrosion cracking

收稿日期: 2016-11-22

基金资助:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目No.2014CB643300,国家自然科学基金项目Nos.51471034和51131001及中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目No.FRF-TP-15-047A3

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00530 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2017/V53/I7/797

图1 X90管线钢焊接接头的显微组织形貌

图2 X90管线钢母材及焊缝的慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)曲线

图3 X90钢母材和焊缝的延伸率损失系数Iδ和断面收缩率损失系数Iψ

图4 不同外加电位下X90钢母材SSRT断口组织形貌

图5 不同外加电位下X90钢焊缝SSRT断口组织形貌

图6 X90钢母材及其焊缝SSRT试样断口侧边SEM像

图7 X90钢母材及其焊缝试样在近中性土壤模拟溶液中不同外加电位下的SCC截面形貌

图8 X90钢母材和焊缝在近中性土壤模拟溶液中的快慢扫极化曲线

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