Zn-Al钎料成分对Cu/Zn-Al/Al钎焊接头界面结构及性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00522

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (3): 364-370 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00522

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Zn-Al钎料成分对Cu/Zn-Al/Al钎焊接头界面结构及性能的影响

羊浩¹, 黄继华¹(

), 陈树海¹, 赵兴科¹, 王奇², 李德华²

1 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100083
2 珠海格力电器股份有限公司, 珠海 519070

INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF Zn-Al FILLER METAL ON THE INTERFACIAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTY OF Cu/Zn-Al/Al BRAZED JOINT

YANG Hao¹, HUANG Jihua¹(

), CHEN Shuhai¹, ZHAO Xingke¹, WANG Qi², LI Dehua²

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083
2 Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519070

引用本文:

羊浩, 黄继华, 陈树海, 赵兴科, 王奇, 李德华. Zn-Al钎料成分对Cu/Zn-Al/Al钎焊接头界面结构及性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(3): 364-370.
Hao YANG, Jihua HUANG, Shuhai CHEN, Xingke ZHAO, Qi WANG, Dehua LI. INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF Zn-Al FILLER METAL ON THE INTERFACIAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTY OF Cu/Zn-Al/Al BRAZED JOINT[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(3): 364-370.

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摘要:

分别采用Zn-15Al, Zn-22Al, Zn-28Al, Zn-37Al和Zn-45Al钎料钎焊获得Cu/Al接头. 利用SEM, EDS和XRD研究了Zn-Al钎料成分对Cu/Al接头中Cu母材/钎缝界面结构的影响, 并系统阐述了Zn-Al钎料成分-接头界面结构-接头抗剪切强度之间的关系. 研究发现, Cu/Zn-15Al/Al接头中Cu母材/钎缝界面结构为Cu/Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7, 且Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7界面层较薄, 其厚度为2~3 μm, 接头具有较高的抗剪切强度, 达66.3 MPa. 随着钎料中Al含量的提高, 在Cu/Zn-22Al/Al接头界面处Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7界面层的厚度逐渐增大, 甚至在Cu/Zn-28Al/Al接头的Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7界面层附近出现少量的CuAl₂, 接头的抗剪切强度逐渐降低. 当采用Al含量较高的Zn-37Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头时, Cu母材/钎缝界面结构转变为Cu/Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7/CuAl₂; 脆性CuAl₂层的出现, 使接头抗剪切强度大幅下降, 为34.5 MPa. 当采用Al含量最高的Zn-45Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头时, Cu母材/钎缝界面结构转变为Cu/CuAl₂, 接头抗剪切强度最低, 为31.6 MPa.

关键词 ： Cu/Al接头, 钎焊, 界面结构, 金属间化合物, 抗剪切强度

Abstract：

The Cu/Al dissimilar metal joint is a compound structure that can efficiently decrease manufacturing costs, reduce product weight, and integrate the advantages of both metals. For the excellent comprehensive properties, the Cu/Al dissimilar metal joint has broad application prospects in air conditioners, refrigerators, cables, electronic components, solar collectors, et al. Brazing is considered as a promising method to join the Cu/Al dissimilar metal for lower residual stress, lower costs, higher precision and better adaption to the structure of joint. Meanwhile, the Zn-Al filler metal is considered as the relatively ideal filler metal due to better property of the Cu/Zn-Al/Al joint. However, the influence of the composition of the Zn-Al filler metal on the interfacial structure near Cu substrate and property of the Cu/Al joint has not been investigated. In this work, the Cu/Al joints were brazed by Zn-15Al, Zn-22Al, Zn-28Al, Zn-37Al and Zn-45Al filler metals, respectively. The influences of the composition of Zn-Al filler metals on the interfacial structure near Cu substrate of the Cu/Al joints were investigated, and the relationships of the composition of the Zn-Al filler metals, the interfacial structure and the shear strength of the Cu/Al joints were described systematically. It was found that the interfacial structure of the Cu/Zn-15Al/Al brazed joint was Cu/Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7. For thinner Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7 layer (2~3 μm), the shear strength of the joint was higher (66.3 MPa). With the increase of Al content of the filler metal, the thickness of Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7 layer at the interface was increased for Cu/Zn-22Al/Al joint, even some CuAl₂ phase can be found nearby the Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7 layer of Cu/Zn-28Al/Al joint, and the shear strength of the Cu/Al joints were decreased correspondingly. When the Cu/Al joint was brazed by the Zn-37Al filler metal, the interfacial structure near Cu substrate was transformed into Cu/Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7/CuAl₂. For higher brittleness of CuAl₂ layer, the shear strength of the joint was decreased obviously (34.5 MPa). Finally, the interfacial structure of the Cu/Zn-45Al/Al joint was transformed into Cu/CuAl₂, the interfacial structure lead to the lower shear strength of the joint, which is only 31.6 MPa.

Key words： Cu/Al joint brazing interfacial structure intermetallic compound shear strength

ZTFLH:

TG425

基金资助:*广东省科技计划资助项目2010A080402014

作者简介: null

羊浩, 男, 1981年生, 博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00522 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I3/364

表1 Zn-Al钎料的熔化温度和钎焊温度

图1 接头装配示意图

图2 5种成分Zn-Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头中Cu母材/钎缝界面区SEM像

表2 图2中Cu/Al接头界面区物相的EDS分析结果

图3 Cu/Al钎焊接头中Cu母材/钎缝界面区的XRD谱

图4 5种成分Zn-Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头的抗剪切强度

图5 5种成分Zn-Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头的断口形貌

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