Unraveling the Strength-Ductility Synergy of Heterostructured Metallic Materials from the Perspective of Local Stress/Strain

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00317

Acta Metall Sin

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (11): 1427-1440 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00317

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Unraveling the Strength-Ductility Synergy of Heterostructured Metallic Materials from the Perspective of Local Stress/Strain

FAN Guohua¹, MIAO Kesong¹(

), LI Danyang², XIA Yiping³, WU Hao¹

^1.Key Laboratory for Light-weight Materials, ‎Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
^2.Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Cite this article:

FAN Guohua, MIAO Kesong, LI Danyang, XIA Yiping, WU Hao. Unraveling the Strength-Ductility Synergy of Heterostructured Metallic Materials from the Perspective of Local Stress/Strain. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(11): 1427-1440.

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Abstract

The concurrent enhancement of strength and ductility is an unremitting pursuit in metallic material research. Recently, by deliberately controlling the spatial distribution of domains with substantially different mechanical properties, heterostructured architecture has overcome the limitation of strength-ductility synergy in metallic materials. Mainstream theories, such as hetero-deformation-induced hardening, strain partition, premature local necking delay, and interface affected zone, have provided crucial guidance for the designing of preferable heterostructured metallic materials. These theories suggest that the domains of heterostructured metallic materials present unique local stress and strain characteristics upon loading, accompanying deformation and fracture behaviors that deviate from the predictions of classical theories. In this study, the evolutions of local stress and strain during the early deformation, plastic deformation, and fracture stages of heterostructured metallic materials were reviewed. Moreover, interactions between deformation or fracture behaviors and local stress or strain as well as their effects on mechanical properties are summarized, presenting a new perspective for designing and developing high-performance heterostructured metallic materials.

Key words: heterostructured architecture local stress local strain deformation behavior fracture behavior

Received: 27 June 2022

ZTFLH:

TB31

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0405900);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51927801);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171117);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20202010);Basic Science Research Project for Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(22KJB430027)

About author: MIAO Kesong, Tel: (025)83589102, E-mail: miaokesong@njtech.edu.cn

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00317 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2022/V58/I11/1427

Fig.1 Typical heterostructured architectures and their effects on strength and ductility synergy
(a, b) gradient heterostructure (FG and CG are referred to fine grain and coarse grain, respectively)^[19] (c, d) layered heterostructure (TD—transverse direction)^[15] (e, f) harmonic heterostructure^[16]

Fig.2 The multi-stages of deformation in heterostructured metallic materials
(a) three deformation stages of heterostructured metallic materials^[9]
(b) lattice strain evolution of Ti/Al layered heterostructured materials measured by neutron diffraction^[24]

Fig.3 The strengthening mechanism of heterostructured metallic materials^[9]
(a) pile-ups of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs)
(b) strain and strain gradient versus distance from the domain interface
(c) local stress versus distance from the domain interface

Fig.4 The evolution of lattice strain for grain A in layered heterostructured pure titanium with alternating coarse- and fine-grain layers^[40] (φ₁—Euler angle)
(a) ε_xx, the strain component along normal direction (ND, x axis)
(b) ε_yy, the strain component along rolling direction (RD, y axis)
(c) ε_zz, the strain component perpendicular to ND and RD (z axis)
(d) ε_xy, the shear strain component in the x-y plane
(e) ε_yz, the shear strain component in the y-z plane
(f) Euler angle map of grain A
(g) orientation schematic diagram of grain A

Fig.5 The microstructures and properties of Cu/Nb layered heterostructured material with 3D interface^[42,43]
(a) a high density of dislocations at 3D interface^[42]
(b) stress-strain plots for micropillar compression^[42] (

ε ˙

—strain rate) (c, d) microstructures^[42] (e, f) TEM images (PVD—physical vapor deposition, ARB—accumulative roll bonding)^[42] (g, h) HRTEM images^[43] (i, j) schematic diagrams of dislocation behaviors^[43]

Fig.6 Analyses of deformation mechanism in Al/Al layered heterostructured materials by synchrotron radiation polychromatic X-ray Laue microdiffraction^[15]
(a) inverse pole figure map (b, c) Laue patterns taken from the red and blue points marked in Fig.6a (d) simulations of Laue peak streaking directions corresponding to all the 12 possible slip systems (a'—lattice constant, SF—Schmid factor)

Fig.7 Delocalization of shear bands achieved by gradient heterostructure^[58,59]
(a) contour maps of axial strain on nanostructured surface (X, Y, and Z are referred to transverse direction, loading direction, and normal direction, respectively)^[58]
(b) contour maps of axial strain on freestanding nanostructured surface (ε_y —strain component along loading direction)^[59]
(c) contour maps of axial strain on nanostructured surface supported by gradient heterostructured substrate^[59]

Fig.8 Cases of heterostructures in nature and applications
(a) shell^[68] (b) bone^[71]
(c) microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrastrong dual-phase steel (σ_y—yield strength, σ_yu—upper yield strength, σ_yl—lower yield strength, σ_uts—ultimate tensile strength, ε_u—uniform elongation, ε_f—fracture elongation, G—gauge length, σ₀—effective yield strength, K_JIC—crack-initiation fracture toughness, K_ss—crack-growth toughness, E'—effective modulus, J_IC—size-independent fracture toughness, Δa_max—maximum length for stable crack extension, B—specimen thickness, W—specimen width, a—crack length)^[74]
(d) microstructure and fatigue properties of bone-like heterostructured steel (R—stress ratio)^[73]

Fig.9 Fracture analyses of TiB_w/Ti-Ti(Al) layered heterostructured materials^[14]
(a) microstructure (b) comparisons of tensile properties (c, d) effect of layered heterostructure on crack driving force and crack resistance (J_hom—crack-tip driving force for homogeneous structure, J_het—crack-tip driving force for heterogeneous structure, R_hom—resistance to crack propagation for homogeneous structure, R_het—resistance to crack propagation for heterogeneous structure, a_hom—half of critical crack length for homogeneous structure, a_het—half of critical crack length for heterogeneous structure, r—affected zone size of heterogeneous interface) (e) schematic diagram of the effect of layered heterostructure on the plastic zone at the microcrack tip (r_p—plastic zone size at the microcrack tip)

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