Current Status of Metallurgical Quality and Fatigue Performance of Rolling Bearing Steel and Development Direction of High-End Bearing Steel

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00361

Acta Metall Sin

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (4): 513-522 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00361

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Current Status of Metallurgical Quality and Fatigue Performance of Rolling Bearing Steel and Development Direction of High-End Bearing Steel

YU Feng^1,²,CHEN Xingpin¹,XU Haifeng²,DONG Han³,WENG Yuqing²,CAO Wenquan²(

)

^1.College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
^2.Special Steel Institute, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

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YU Feng,CHEN Xingpin,XU Haifeng,DONG Han,WENG Yuqing,CAO Wenquan. Current Status of Metallurgical Quality and Fatigue Performance of Rolling Bearing Steel and Development Direction of High-End Bearing Steel. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(4): 513-522.

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Abstract

This paper reviewed the development history of the first generation bearing steel GCr15, the second generation bearing steels M50 and M50NiL, and the third generation bearing steels Cronidur30 and CSS-42L. The fourth generation bearing alloy characterized by light weight is put forward. Based on the analysis of metallurgical quality and fatigue properties of traditional bearing steel, the direction of metallurgical quality control of bearing steel with fine quality and homogenization of large particle inclusions and carbide was proposed, and the contact fatigue control mechanism of bearing steel and two different anti-fatigue mechanisms of carbide control were revealed. According to the latest development of quality control technology and quantitative characterization technology for traditional bearing steel GCr15, the development direction of quality control for high-end bearing steel is proposed. Through the research on the overall heat treatment technology and surface carburizing technology of superfine matrix and carbide of bearing steel GCr15 and CSS-42L steel, the double heat treatment and surface superhardening heat treatment are innovatively developed, which can increase the contact fatigue life of bearing steel GCr15 at room temperature to 5 times and more than 10 times, respectively. Finally, it is pointed out that the application of quantitative inspection and testing technology is an important guarantee for high-performance bearing steel with good metallurgical quality and high performance.

Key words: rolling bearing steel metallurgical quality fatigue performance high-end bearing steel development direction

Received: 29 October 2019

ZTFLH:

TG142.7

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0300101)

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	Feng YU
	Xingpin CHEN
	Haifeng XU
	Han DONG
	Yuqing WENG
	Wenquan CAO

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00361 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2020/V56/I4/513

Table 1 The main steel grades of bearing steels

Fig.1 Carbide microstructure of the carburizing layer (a) and gradient distribution of hardness (b) of G13Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 steel

Fig.2 SEM images of G30Cr15MoN (a) and 440C (b) stainless bearing steels

Table 2 Contact fatigue properties of GCr15 by different processes

Fig.3 Cast microstructures of 8Cr4Mo4V steel produced by electroslag remelting continuous directional solidification (ESR-CDS) (a) and VIM+VAR (b) processes

Fig.4 Carbides of 9Cr18Mo steel produced by ESR-CDS (a) and ESR (b) processes

Fig.5 Effect of new heat treatment on microstructure refinement of M50 bearing steel(a) coarse microstructure before new heat treatment(b) homogenized and refined microstructure after new heat treatment

Fig.6 Single quenched (SQ) microstructure (a) and refined microstructure processed by double quenching (DQ) (b) of GCr15 steel

Fig.7 Influence of heat treatments on contact fatigue life of bearing steel GCr15 by DQ (a) and special heat (SH) (b) treatments

Fig.8 Non-metallic inclusion detection technology

Fig.9 Distribution of inclusions detected by ASPEX automatic inclusion analyzer

Fig.10 Schematics of flat-washer (a) and ball-on-rod (b) RCF rigs (RCF—rolling contact fatigue)

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