Properties of Carbon Ion Implanted Biomedical Titanium

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00271

Acta Metall Sin

2017, Vol. 53

Issue (10): 1393-1401 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00271

Orginal Article

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Properties of Carbon Ion Implanted Biomedical Titanium

Chao XIA^1,², Shi QIAN¹, Donghui WANG¹, Xuanyong LIU¹(

)

1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Cite this article:

Chao XIA, Shi QIAN, Donghui WANG, Xuanyong LIU. Properties of Carbon Ion Implanted Biomedical Titanium. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(10): 1393-1401.

Download:

HTML

PDF(5735KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in hard tissue replacements because of their good biocompatibility. However, titanium and its alloys cannot meet all of the clinical requirements. In this work, carbon ions were implanted into the titanium surfaces using plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIII&D) technology to improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biological and antibacterial activities. Influences of the injected carbon on the surface morphology, composition and structure of titanium were investigated. Hydrophilicity, surface potential, surface mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, bacterial adhesion and biocompatibility of the modified titanium surfaces were evaluated, and the effects which the structure and composition of the modified layer have on their biological properties were elaborated preliminarily. Experimental results show that the modified layer treated by carbon plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (C-PIII&D) is mainly composed of amorphous carbon. The surface morphology of the modified titanium has no obvious change. However, its surface turns to be more hydrophobic and electronegative, and the surface mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are improved. Cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation on the modified surface are in good condition while the adhesion of E. coli is inhibited to a certain extent.

Key words: Ti,PIII&D C mechanical property corrosion resistance bacterial adhesion

Received: 05 July 2017

ZTFLH:

TG174.4

Fund: Supported by National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No.51525207), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51401234) and Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (No.15441904900)

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	Chao XIA
	Shi QIAN
	Donghui WANG
	Xuanyong LIU

URL:

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00271 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2017/V53/I10/1393

Table 1 Parameters used in carbon plasma immersion ion implantation & deposition (C-PIII&D)

Fig.1 Surface SEM images of Ti (a), C0.5 (b) , C1 (c) samples

Fig.2 Raman spectra of Ti (a), C0.5 (b), C1 (c) samples

Fig.3 C 1s high resolution XPS spectra obtained from the surface of C0.5 (a) and C1 (b) samples

Table 2 Area percentage of each fitting peak calculated by XPS (%)

Fig.4 Water contact angles of various samples (p—statistically significant difference, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001)

Fig.5 Zeta potential variations vs pH acquired from titanium surface before and after C-PIII&D

Fig.6 Nano-hardness of titanium surface before and after C-PIII&D

Fig.7 Polarization curves of samples in 0.9%NaCl solution before and after C-PIII&D

Fig.8 SEM images of the E. coli seeded on the various surfaces after 12 h inclubation
(a) Ti (b) C0.5 (c) C1

Fig.9 Schematic of the possible bacterial adhesion mechanism on the titanium surface before and after C-PIII&D

Fig.10 Fluorescence microscopy images of MC3T3-E1 cultured on various surfaces for 1 h (a1~c1), 4 h (a2~c2) and 24 h (a3~c3)
(a1~a3) Ti (b1~b3) C0.5 (c1~c3) C1

Fig.11 Proliferative activity of MC3T3-E1 cultured on various surfaces for 1, 4 and 7 d

[1]	Liu X Y.Biomedical Titanium Alloys and Surface Modification [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2009: 7(刘宣勇. 生物医用钛材料及其表面改性 [M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2009: 7)
[2]	Liu X Y, Chu P K, Ding C X.Surface modification of titanium, titanium alloys, and related materials for biomedical applications[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, R47: 49
[3]	Xue W C, Liu X Y, Zheng X B, et al.In vivo evaluation of plasma-sprayed titanium coating after alkali modification[J]. Biomaterials, 2005, 26: 3029
[4]	Hu H J, Liu X Y, Ding C X.Preparation and in vitro evaluation of nanostructured TiO2/TCP composite coating by plasma electrolytic oxidation[J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2010, 498: 172
[5]	Bandyopadhyay A, Espana F, Balla V K, et al.Influence of porosity on mechanical properties and in vivo response of Ti6Al4V implants[J]. Acta Biomater., 2010, 6: 1640
[6]	Qin H, Cao H L, Zhao Y C, et al.In vitro and in vivo anti-biofilm effects of silver nanoparticles immobilized on titanium[J]. Biomaterials, 2014, 35: 9114
[7]	Pier-Francesco A, Adams R J, Waters M G J, et al. Titanium surface modification and its effect on the adherence of Porphyromonas gingivalis: An in vitro study[J]. Clin. Oral Implants Res., 2006, 17: 633
[8]	Chu P K, Tang B Y, Wang L P, et al.Third-generation plasma immersion ion implanter for biomedical materials and research[J]. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2001, 72: 1660
[9]	Chu P K.Recent developments and applications of plasma immersion ion implantation[J]. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2004, 22B: 289
[10]	Budzynski P, Youssef A A, Sielanko J.Surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by nitrogen ion implantation[J]. Wear, 2006, 261: 1271
[11]	Johns S M, Bell T, Samandi M, et al.Wear resistance of plasma immersion ion implanted Ti6Al4V[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1996, 85: 7
[12]	Thibault S, Hug E.Corrosion and wear mechanisms of aluminum alloys surface reinforced by multicharged N-implantation[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2014, 310: 311
[13]	Robic J Y, Piaguet J, Gailliard J P. Some measurements of hardness, wear and stresses in ion implanted thin metallic films [J]. Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 1981, 182-183: 919
[14]	Ikeyama M, Nakao S, Morikawa H, et al.Surface hardness changes induced by O-, Ca- or P-ion implantation into titanium[J]. Colloids Surf., 2000, 19B: 263
[15]	Xu R Z, Yang X B, Li P H, et al.Eelectrochemical properties and corrosion resistance of carbon-ion-implanted magnesium[J]. Corros. Sci., 2014, 82: 173
[16]	Mao L H, Wang Y L, Wan Y Z, et al.Corrosion resistance of Ag-ion implanted Mg-Ca-Zn alloys in SBF[J]. Rare Metall. Mater. Eng., 2010, 39: 2075
[17]	Wan Y Z, Raman S, He F, et al.Surface modification of medical metals by ion implantation of silver and copper[J]. Vacuum, 2007, 81: 1114
[18]	Xie Y T, Liu X Y, Huang A P, et al.Improvement of surface bioactivity on titanium by water and hydrogen plasma immersion ion implantation[J]. Biomaterials, 2005, 26: 6129
[19]	Cao H L, Qiao Y Q, Meng F H, et al.Spacing-dependent antimicrobial efficacy of immobilized silver nanoparticles[J]. J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2014, 5: 743
[20]	Cao H L, Qiao Y Q, Liu X Y, et al.Electron storage mediated dark antibacterial action of bound silver nanoparticles: Smaller is not always better[J]. Acta Biomater., 2013, 9: 5100
[21]	Xu Y, Li L H, Chu P K.Deposition of diamond-like carbon films on interior surface of long and slender quartz glass tube by enhanced glow discharge plasma immersion ion implantation[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, 265: 218
[22]	Estrade-Szwarckopf H, Rousseau B.Photoelectron core level spectroscopy study of Cs-graphite intercalation compounds—I. Clean surfaces study[J]. J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1992, 53: 419
[23]	Bertoncello R, Casagrande A, Casarin M, et al.TiN, TiC and Ti(C, N) film characterization and its relationship to tribological behaviour[J]. Surf. Interface Anal., 1992, 18: 525
[24]	Moncoffre N, Hollinger G, Jaffrezic H, et al. Temperature influence during nitrogen implantation into steel [J]. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect., 1985, 7-8B: 177
[25]	Coutures J P, Erre R, Massiot D, et al.Ar+ ion beam effects on MxOy-alumina silica glasses[J]. Radiat. Effects, 1986, 98: 83
[26]	An Y H, Friedman R J.Concise review of mechanisms of bacterial adhesion to biomaterial surfaces[J]. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 1998, 43: 338
[27]	Wang J, Huang N, Pan C J, et al.Bacterial repellence from polyethylene terephthalate surface modified by acetylene plasma immersion ion implantation-deposition[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2004, 186: 299
[28]	Liu Y Z, Zu X T, Wang L, et al.Role of aluminum ion implantation on microstructure, microhardness and corrosion properties of titanium alloy[J]. Vacuum, 2008, 83: 444
[29]	Kim B S, Kim J S, Park Y M, et al.Mg ion implantation on SLA-treated titanium surface and its effects on the behavior of mesenchymal stem cell[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2013, C33: 1554
[30]	Krupa D, Baszkiewicz J, Kozubowski J A, et al.Effect of calcium-ion implantation on the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of titanium[J]. Biomaterials, 2001, 22: 2139
[31]	Jin G D, Cao H L, Qiao Y Q, et al.Osteogenic activity and antibacterial effect of zinc ion implanted titanium[J]. Colloids Surf., 2014, 117B: 158
[32]	Cao H L, Liu X Y, Meng F H, et al.Biological actions of silver nanoparticles embedded in titanium controlled by micro-galvanic effects[J]. Biomaterials, 2011, 32: 693
[33]	Hempel F, Finke B, Zietz C, et al.Antimicrobial surface modification of titanium substrates by means of plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition of copper[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2014, 256: 52
[34]	Tian Y X, Cao H L, Qiao Y Q, et al.Antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of titanium oxide coating modified by iron ion implantation[J]. Acta Biomater., 2014, 10: 4505
[35]	Yoshinari M, Oda Y, Kato T, et al.Influence of surface modifications to titanium on antibacterial activity in vitro[J]. Biomaterials, 2001, 22: 2043
[36]	Poon R W Y, Yeung K W K, Liu X Y, et al. Carbon plasma immersion ion implantation of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys[J]. Biomaterials, 2005, 26: 2265
[37]	Mao Y, Li Z G, Feng K, et al.Preparation, characterization and wear behavior of carbon coated magnesium alloy with electroless plating nickel interlayer[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2015, 327: 100
[38]	Sui J H, Gao Z Y, Cai W, et al. DLC films fabricated by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition on the NiTi alloys for improving their corrosion resistance and biocompatibility [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2007, A454-455: 472

[1]	LI Jiarong, DONG Jianmin, HAN Mei, LIU Shizhong. Effects of Sand Blasting on Surface Integrity and High Cycle Fatigue Properties of DD6 Single Crystal Superalloy[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1201-1208.
[2]	ZHANG Jian, WANG Li, XIE Guang, WANG Dong, SHEN Jian, LU Yuzhang, HUANG Yaqi, LI Yawei. Recent Progress in Research and Development of Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1109-1124.
[3]	BI Zhongnan, QIN Hailong, LIU Pei, SHI Songyi, XIE Jinli, ZHANG Ji. Research Progress Regarding Quantitative Characterization and Control Technology of Residual Stress in Superalloy Forgings[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1144-1158.
[4]	ZHENG Liang, ZHANG Qiang, LI Zhou, ZHANG Guoqing. Effects of Oxygen Increasing/Decreasing Processes on Surface Characteristics of Superalloy Powders and Properties of Their Bulk Alloy Counterparts: Powders Storage and Degassing[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1265-1278.
[5]	BAI Jiaming, LIU Jiantao, JIA Jian, ZHANG Yiwen. Creep Properties and Solute Atomic Segregation of High-W and High-Ta Type Powder Metallurgy Superalloy[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1230-1242.
[6]	GONG Shengkai, LIU Yuan, GENG Lilun, RU Yi, ZHAO Wenyue, PEI Yanling, LI Shusuo. Advances in the Regulation and Interfacial Behavior of Coatings/Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1097-1108.
[7]	ZHAO Peng, XIE Guang, DUAN Huichao, ZHANG Jian, DU Kui. Recrystallization During Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue of Two High-Generation Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1221-1229.
[8]	MA Dexin, ZHAO Yunxing, XU Weitai, WANG Fu. Effect of Gravity on Directionally Solidified Structure of Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1279-1290.
[9]	CHEN Jia, GUO Min, YANG Min, LIU Lin, ZHANG Jun. Effects of W Concentration on Creep Microstructure and Property of Novel Co-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1209-1220.
[10]	ZHANG Leilei, CHEN Jingyang, TANG Xin, XIAO Chengbo, ZHANG Mingjun, YANG Qing. Evolution of Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of K439B Superalloy During Long-Term Aging at 800^oC[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1253-1264.
[11]	LU Nannan, GUO Yimo, YANG Shulin, LIANG Jingjing, ZHOU Yizhou, SUN Xiaofeng, LI Jinguo. Formation Mechanisms of Hot Cracks in Laser Additive Repairing Single Crystal Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1243-1252.
[12]	FENG Qiang, LU Song, LI Wendao, ZHANG Xiaorui, LI Longfei, ZOU Min, ZHUANG Xiaoli. Recent Progress in Alloy Design and Creep Mechanism of γ'-Strengthened Co-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1125-1143.
[13]	WANG Lei, LIU Mengya, LIU Yang, SONG Xiu, MENG Fanqiang. Research Progress on Surface Impact Strengthening Mechanisms and Application of Nickel-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1173-1189.
[14]	JIANG He, NAI Qiliang, XU Chao, ZHAO Xiao, YAO Zhihao, DONG Jianxin. Sensitive Temperature and Reason of Rapid Fatigue Crack Propagation in Nickel-Based Superalloy[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1190-1200.
[15]	DING Hua, ZHANG Yu, CAI Minghui, TANG Zhengyou. Research Progress and Prospects of Austenite-Based Fe-Mn-Al-C Lightweight Steels[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(8): 1027-1041.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed