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REVERSE POLARITY EFFECT IN Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni INTERCONNECT UNDERGOING LIQUID- SOLID ELECTROMIGRATION |
HUANG Mingliang( ), ZHANG Zhijie, FENG Xiaofei, ZHAO Ning |
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 |
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Cite this article:
HUANG Mingliang, ZHANG Zhijie, FENG Xiaofei, ZHAO Ning. REVERSE POLARITY EFFECT IN Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni INTERCONNECT UNDERGOING LIQUID- SOLID ELECTROMIGRATION. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(1): 93-99.
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Abstract The effect of liquid-solid electromigration (EM) on the interfacial reaction in Ni/Sn-9Zn/Ni interconnects was investigated under a current density of 5×103 A/cm2 at 230 ℃. A reverse polarity effect was revealed, i.e., the interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMC) at the cathode grew continuously and was remarkably thicker than those at the anode. This results from the directional migration of Zn atoms from the anode toward the cathode, which is induced by the positive effective charge number (Z *) of Zn atoms but not the back-stress. A thin Ni5Zn21 layer formed at each interface after soldering. The initial Ni5Zn21 interfacial IMC gradually transformed into [Ni5Zn21+(Ni, Zn)3Sn4] after liquid-solid interfacial reaction for 8 h, due to the local equilibrium at the interface changed with decreasing of Zn atoms content. The interfacial IMCs at both anode and cathode were identified as Ni5Zn21, and no IMC transformation occurred undergoing liquid-solid EM, because the Zn atoms content at the cathode was enough under electron current stressing, and the diffusion of Zn atoms toward anode was inhibited. The reverse proving was proposed to explain the positive value Z * of Zn atoms. The abnormal directional migration of Zn atoms toward the cathode prevented the dissolution of cathode substrate, which is beneficial to improving the EM reliability of micro-bump solder interconnects.
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Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51475072 and 51171036) |
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