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Acta Metall Sin  2014, Vol. 50 Issue (12): 1461-1470    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00204
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CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF B10 ALLOY EXPOSED TO SEAWATER CONTAINING VIBRIO AZUREUS, SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA, AND THEIR MIXTURE
WEI Renchao1,2, XU Fengling2, LIN Cunguo2, TANG Xiao3, LI Yan3()
1 College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580
2 State key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection of Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao 266071
3 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580
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WEI Renchao, XU Fengling, LIN Cunguo, TANG Xiao, LI Yan. CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF B10 ALLOY EXPOSED TO SEAWATER CONTAINING VIBRIO AZUREUS, SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA, AND THEIR MIXTURE. Acta Metall Sin, 2014, 50(12): 1461-1470.

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Abstract  

With increasing attention paid to the security issues of onshore engineering structure, corrosion researches of copper alloy were focused on the influence of single bacteria, especially the anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). However, a part of documents indicated that comprehensive influence of natural bacteria on the copper alloy does exist, and whether the influence of single bacteria could represent the real impact of natural complex bacteria is remaining unclear. Under this consideration, electrochemical measurements, incorporated with surface morphology and composition analysis, were employed to investigate the corrosion behavior of B10 alloy in seawater which was inoculated into Vibrio azureus, SRB and their mixed strains, respectively, in this work. The results showed that these marine micro-organisms could affect the corrosion process of B10 alloy in relatively different ways. Compared with the sterile condition, Vibrio azureus could inhabit the corrosion of B10 alloy to some extent by blocking cathodic oxygen reducing process, while SRB could significantly promote its corrosion by accelerating anodic dissolution of B10 alloy via hydrogen depolarization and forming loose and bulky corrosion products without complete protection. In the mixed microbial medium, SRB multiply rapidly in the local anaerobic environment created by the biological membrane of Vibrio azureus, their interacting changed the corrosive micro-environment on the surface of B10 alloy. The smaller and complicated corrosion products formed in the seawater containing mixed strains obviously performed better than that produced in the medium containing SRB only, giving rise to a significant increase in anodic polarization; at the same time, similar cathodic process was still occurred in the mixed culture. As a result, the corrosion current density of B10 alloy fell in between those detected in two single microbial media. For the practice engineering applications, therefore, the conclusions drawn from single microbe medium should be cautiously and carefully adopted as the criterion to evaluate corrosion behavior of B10 alloy in actual microbial environment.
Key words:  sulfate-reducing bacteria      Vibrio azureus      electrochemical impedance spectroscopy      B10 alloy     
ZTFLH:  TG178  
Fund: Supported by State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (No.51131008) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.CX-1221)
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Renchao WEI
Fengling XU
Cunguo LIN
Xiao TANG
Yan LI

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00204     OR     https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2014/V50/I12/1461

Fig.1  Variations of corrosion potential with time (t) for B10 alloy in four mediums (Blank sterile seawater, and those inoculated against Vibrio azureus, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and mixed strains, respectively)
Fig.2  Nyquist plots (a) and Bode plots of amplitude-frequency relationship (b) and phase angle-frequency relationship (c) of B10 alloy immersed in sterile seawater (Z—modulus inpedance, f—frequency)
Fig.3  Nyquist plots (a) and Bode plots of amplitude-frequency relationship (b) and phase angle-frequency relationship (c) of B10 alloy immersed in sterile seawater inoculated against Vibrio azureus
Fig.4  Nyquist plots (a) and Bode plots of amplitude-frequency (b) and phase-frequency (c) of B10 alloy immersed in sterile seawater inoculated against SRB
Fig.5  Nyquist plots (a) and Bode plots of amplitude-frequency relationship (b) and phase angle-frequency relationship (c) of B10 alloy immersed in sterile seawater inoculated against SRB after inoculated against Vibrio azureus for 3 d
Medium Time Rs Ym nm Rm Yt nt Rt W, Y0
Ω·cm2 Ω-1·sn·cm-2 Ω·cm2 Ω-1·sn·cm-2 Ω·cm2 Ω-1·s5·cm-2
Sterile 1 h 19.34 296.2 0.7334 4198 3.753×10-3
seawater 1 d 5.757 47.66 0.6027 1.696×104 104.5 0.6953 1.690×104 1.026×10-3
2 d 7.519 58.70 0.5651 1.354×104 28.98 0.7639 1.350×104 8.670×10-4
4 d 19.65 87.49 0.6399 1.211×104 1.334×10-3
7 d 23.36 86.71 0.6271 1.438×104 1.634×10-3
13 d 21.15 79.76 0.6341 1.497×104 28.54 0.7334 1.880×104 7.471×10-3
Vibria 1 h 9.043 414.6 0.7363 1600 5.695×10-3
azureus 1 d 10.11 183.4 0.8036 1837 9.490×10-5
2 d 11.91 74.30 0.8993 2707 3.870×10-5
4 d 10.75 68.97 0.9148 3551 31.59 0.6517 3.87×105 2.860×10-5
7 d 15.49 150.1 0.8001 9626 13850 1.000 3385 4.900×1013
13 d 13.40 166.1 0.8300 8877 17840 1.000 1778 2.640×1010
SRB 1 h 1.281 13.12 3.580×10-8 2.322 924.4 0.8188 80.31 6.960×10-4
1 d 3.112 976.7 0.8268 15.35 556.1 0.5131 1.771×104 5.660×10-5
2 d 3.194 180.7 1.000 1.606 1067 0.753 736.9 4.470×10-4
4 d 3.195 191.3 1.000 2.942 1141 0.7732 968.8 3.970×10-4
7 d 4.480 1858 0.7545 57.42 121.6 1.000 1517 3.480×10-4
13 d 4.019 1815 0.7586 70.39 206.4 0.9991 2235 2.480×10-4
Mixture 1 h 7.583 242.8 0.7946 56.38 202.7 0.7958 1.18×104 9.230×10-4
bacteria 1 d 6.595 185.3 0.8276 46.77 464.5 0.8278 1.66×104 1.254×10-3
2 d 4.713 164.3 0.8493 56.00 579.2 0.8370 2.41×104 1.256×10-3
4 d 5.450 176.3 0.8403 76.55 660.9 0.8603 4.35×104 3.266×10-3
7 d 9.947 217.1 0.8109 85.95 632.5 0.8749 5.94×104 2.330×10-3
13 d 5.322 235.3 0.8104 79.04 663.8 0.8690 8.33×104 2.420×106
Table 1  Parameters of electrochemical impedance of B10 alloy immersed in different mediums
Fig.6  Polarization curves of B10 alloy in four different mediums after 12 d immersion (i—current density)
Medium Ba / mV Bc / mV icorr / (μA·cm-2) Ecorr / V
Sterile seawater 59.17 125.80 0.5473 -0.247
Vibrio azureus 55.43 199.50 0.4720 -0.230
SRB 24.62 95.57 14.1100 -0.878
Mixture bacteria 267.10 84.58 1.1550 -0.833
Table 2  Fitting parameters of polarization curves for B10 alloy immersed in four different mediums
Fig.7  SEM images (left) and corresponding EDS analysis (right) of B10 alloy immersed in different mediums for 12 d

(a) sterile seawater (b) Vibrio azureus (c) SRB (d) mixture bacteria

Medium C O S Fe Ni Cu Bal.
Sterile seawater - 27.72 - 1.21 6.57 60.75 3.75
Vibrio azureus - 10.88 11.44 - 10.08 67.07 0.53
SRB 4.24 5.44 29.56 - - 60.75 0.01
Mixture bacteria 4.45 24.50 23.18 4.86 5.26 35.97 1.78
  
Fig.8  Schematics of corrosion of B10 alloy immersed in three microbial environments

(a) Vibrio azureus

(b) SRB

(c) mixture bacteria

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