深潜器耐压壳用钛合金保载疲劳服役可靠性研究进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00441

金属学报

2023, Vol. 59

Issue (6): 713-726 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00441

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

深潜器耐压壳用钛合金保载疲劳服役可靠性研究进展

张滨¹, 田达¹, 宋竹满², 张广平²(

)

¹东北大学材料科学与工程学院材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室沈阳 110819
²中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016

Research Progress in Dwell Fatigue Service Reliability of Titanium Alloys for Pressure Shell of Deep-Sea Submersible

ZHANG Bin¹, TIAN Da¹, SONG Zhuman², ZHANG Guangping²(

)

¹Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shengyang 110819, China
²Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

张滨, 田达, 宋竹满, 张广平. 深潜器耐压壳用钛合金保载疲劳服役可靠性研究进展[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(6): 713-726.
Bin ZHANG, Da TIAN, Zhuman SONG, Guangping ZHANG. Research Progress in Dwell Fatigue Service Reliability of Titanium Alloys for Pressure Shell of Deep-Sea Submersible[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2023, 59(6): 713-726.

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摘要:

深海潜水器耐压壳材料的服役可靠性直接关乎深潜器的作业安全，钛合金因其优异的深海环境服役性能成为制造深潜器耐压壳的关键材料。本文从深潜器用钛合金的种类出发，详细介绍了钛合金室温蠕变、低周疲劳及保载疲劳等主要失效形式的最新研究进展，归纳了钛合金保载疲劳的主要影响因素、微观损伤机制及寿命预测模型，以期为新型高强低保载效应的高性能钛合金研发提供参考。最后，提出了目前深潜器用钛合金构件服役可靠性评价亟待解决的若干问题和未来的研究方向。

关键词 ：深潜器, 钛合金, 保载疲劳, 服役可靠性

Abstract：

Service reliability of deep-sea submersible pressure shells is critical for ensuring the safety of the submersibles. To manufacture pressure shells for deep-sea submersibles, titanium alloys have emerged as key materials owing to their exceptional service performances in the deep-sea environment. Herein, use of titanium alloys in deep submersibles is introduced. Then, the latest research on the primary failure modes of titanium alloys, including creep at room temperature, low cycle fatigue, and dwell fatigue, based on the types of titanium alloys used in deep-sea submersibles is reviewed. Additionally, the main factors that affect dwell fatigue, including the micromechanism of dwell fatigue damage and dwell fatigue model, are summarized. This work can serve as a reference for the development of new titanium alloys with high strength and low dwell effect. Finally, specific issues related to the service reliability evaluation of titanium alloy components used in the deep sea are outlined, and future research focuses are presented.

Key words： deep-sea submersible titanium alloy dwell fatigue service reliability

收稿日期: 2022-09-05

ZTFLH:

TG135

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51971060);国家自然科学基金项目(52171128)

通讯作者: 张广平，gpzhang@imr.ac.cn，从事金属材料疲劳与断裂研究

Corresponding author: ZHANG Guangping, professor, Tel:(024)23971938, E-mail: gpzhang@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 张滨，女，1965年生，教授，博士

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表1 国内外主要载人深潜器用材料的相关设计参数[6,7,17~22]

表2 TC4、TC4 ELI、Ti80及Ti62A钛合金的基本力学性能指标[2,13,22,24~34]

表3 TC4 ELI、Ti80、Ti62A和TC4合金的室温蠕变特性统计表[4,22,27~29]

图1 不同应力水平下Ti80[27]和TC4 ELI[29]合金的压缩稳态蠕变速率

图2 应变控制下的TC4[52]与TC4 ELI合金[40]及应力控制下不同显微组织TC4 ELI合金的低周疲劳寿命[4,54]

表4 TC4、TC4 ELI及Ti62A钛合金室温保载疲劳性能[3,22,51,68,89]

图3 不同保载时间及应力水平下TC4 ELI合金的保载疲劳寿命[3]

图4 应力松弛示意图、Maxwell模型、初生α相晶粒塑性变形示意图及应力松弛过程示意图[118]

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