<strong>Cr</strong>含量对<strong>FeCrCoSi</strong>永磁合金调幅分解组织及其性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00094

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (1): 103-113 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00094

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Cr含量对FeCrCoSi永磁合金调幅分解组织及其性能的影响

项兆龙¹^,²^,³, 张林¹, XIN Yan³, 安佰灵¹^,²^,³, NIU Rongmei³, LU Jun³, MARDANI Masoud³, HAN Ke³(

), 王恩刚¹(

)

^1. 东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室沈阳 110819
^2. 东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819
^3. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee 32310, USA

Effect of Cr Content on Microstructure of Spinodal Decomposition and Properties in FeCrCoSi Permanent Magnet Alloy

XIANG Zhaolong¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Lin¹, XIN Yan³, AN Bailing¹^,²^,³, NIU Rongmei³, LU Jun³, MARDANI Masoud³, HAN Ke³(

), WANG Engang¹(

)

^1. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^3. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee 32310, USA

引用本文:

项兆龙, 张林, XIN Yan, 安佰灵, NIU Rongmei, LU Jun, MARDANI Masoud, HAN Ke, 王恩刚. Cr含量对FeCrCoSi永磁合金调幅分解组织及其性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(1): 103-113.
Zhaolong XIANG, Lin ZHANG, Yan XIN, Bailing AN, Rongmei NIU, Jun LU, Masoud MARDANI, Ke HAN, Engang WANG. Effect of Cr Content on Microstructure of Spinodal Decomposition and Properties in FeCrCoSi Permanent Magnet Alloy[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(1): 103-113.

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摘要:

以(84 - X)FeXCr15Co1Si (X = 20、25、30、35，质量分数，%)合金为研究对象，利用具有原子分辨率的扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)研究了Cr元素对热处理后合金中α ₁和α ₂相形态、体积分数、尺寸分布、相成分、合金磁性能和硬度的影响。STEM分析结果表明，随着Cr含量由20%增加到35%，α ₁相的平均尺寸由26 nm逐渐增加到55 nm；随着Cr含量由20%增加到25%，α ₁相的体积分数增加了12%，但Cr含量的继续增加不能进一步改变体积分数。EDS结果表明，随着Cr含量的增加，富Fe-Co α ₁相里的Fe含量逐渐降低，而Cr和Co含量逐渐增加；同时，富Cr α ₂相里的Fe和Co含量逐渐降低，而Cr的含量逐渐增加。调幅分解过程可促使试样的硬度显著上升，且Cr含量的增加也可提升合金硬度。合金的剩磁、矫顽力和磁能积均随Cr含量的增加而逐渐增大，3者在Cr含量为25%时均达到最大值，并随Cr含量的继续增加而降低。分析了磁性能与α ₁相的尺寸、体积分数、成分以及与α ₁和α ₂相成分差之间的关系，讨论了调幅分解硬化合金的机理，并分析了Cr含量影响硬度的原因。

关键词 ： FeCrCoSi合金, 调幅分解, STEM-HAADF, 磁性能, 硬度

Abstract：

FeCrCo permanent magnet alloys draw wide attention because of their excellent machinability. These alloys can be deformed and extruded into thin wires or sheets for various applications, such as electric motors, telephone receivers, printers, and stereo cartridges. In these alloys, the content and distribution of Cr play an important role in improving their magnetic and hardness properties. To optimize both properties of these alloys, the effect of Cr must be studied. This study describes the effect of Cr content on microstructure, i.e., volume fraction, size, and composition of α ₁ and α ₂ phases in (84 - X)FeXCr15Co1Si (X = 20, 25, 30, 35, mass fraction, %) samples using atomic-resolution STEM. The effect of microstructure parameters on both Vickers hardness and magnetic properties was evaluated. STEM images showed that the average size of the α ₁ phase increased from 26 nm to 55 nm with an increase in Cr content from 20% to 35%. When the content of Cr increased from 20% to 25%, the volume fraction of the α ₁ phase increased by 12%, and when the content of Cr increased beyond 25%, the volume fraction remained the same. EDS results showed that with the increase of Cr content, in the (Fe-Co)-rich α ₁ phase, the content of Fe decreased, whereas the contents of Cr and Co increased. By contrast, in the Cr-rich α ₂ phase, the contents of Fe and Co decreased but the content of Cr increased. After step aging, hardness increased because of spinodal decomposition and continued to increase with an increase in Cr content. Remanence, coercivity, and magnetic energy product reached their maximum values when the content of Cr was at 25% and decreased as the content of Cr increased. The dependence of magnetic properties on the size, volume fraction, composition of α ₁ phase, and difference in composition between α ₁ and α ₂ phases was discussed. The mechanism for hardening was also discussed, which increased with the Cr content.

Key words： FeCrCoSi alloy spinodal decomposition STEM-HAADF magnetic property hardness

收稿日期: 2021-03-01

ZTFLH:

TG132.27

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目No.51674083，高等学校学科创新引智计划项目2.0 No.BP0719037，以及美国国家科学基金项目
Nos.DMR-1157490 和DMR-1644779

作者简介: 项兆龙，男，1988年生，博士生

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	项兆龙
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	LU Jun
	MARDANI Masoud
	HAN Ke
	王恩刚
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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00094 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I1/103

图1 FeCrCoSi试样固溶处理、退火及分级回火工艺示意图

表1 不同Cr含量的FeCrCoSi试样及其经过不同热处理后的编号

图2 固溶处理和分级回火处理后不同Cr含量FeCrCoSi试样的XRD谱

图3 不同Cr含量试样经分级回火后的调幅分解组织HAADF像和α 1相尺寸分布统计图

Sample	$D α 1$ nm	Magnetic property			Mass fraction / %			$V α 1$
		Br T	H kA·m^-1	BH _max kJ·m^-3	$C α 1$	$C α 2$	ΔC _t	%
		Br T	H kA·m^-1	BH _max kJ·m^-3	$C α 1$	$C α 2$	ΔC _t
20Cr-SA	26 ± 4.1	0.61	10.2	1.67	69.3Fe12.9Cr16.9Co0.9Si	49.6Fe36.5Cr12.0Co1.9Si	49.2	54
25Cr-SA	30 ± 6.0	0.84	41.7	13.69	67.2Fe11.8Cr20.3Co0.7Si	38.5Fe51.9Cr8.1Co1.5Si	81.8	60
30Cr-SA	33 ± 5.7	0.64	35.3	6.92	60.1Fe16.4Cr22.9Co0.6Si	33.6Fe56.2Cr8.1Co2.1Si	82.6	62
35Cr-SA	55 ± 8.9	0.30	14.5	1.11	57.4Fe19.1Cr23.2Co0.3Si	31.3Fe60.7Cr6.8Co1.2Si	85.0	61

表2 不同Cr含量试样经分级回火后的磁性能及α 1相的尺寸和体积分数、α 1和α 2相的成分以及2相之间Fe、Cr、Co和Si的成分差的绝对值之和

图4 试样35Cr-SA调幅组织在[001]方向的HAADF像

图5 分级回火处理后不同Cr含量试样的磁滞回线

图6 不同热处理状态下不同Cr含量试样的Vickers硬度

图7 不同Cr含量试样经分级回火后调幅组织中Fe、Cr、Co和Si元素EDS面扫描叠加图

表3 试样20Cr-SA~35Cr-SA的E、Y、ΔCCr 、ΔC Co和ΔC Si参数

图8 分级回火处理后不同Cr含量试样中调幅分解的振幅和波长

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