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金属学报  2015, Vol. 51 Issue (3): 281-288    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00297
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
2099-T83/2060-T8异质Al-Li合金搅拌摩擦焊搭接界面结构与力学性能
刘奋军1, 傅莉1(), 张纹源1, 孟强2, 董春林2, 栾国红2
1 西北工业大学材料学院, 凝固技术国家重点实验室, 陕西省摩擦焊接工程技术重点实验室, 西安 710072
2 北京航空制造工程研究所, 北京 100024
INTERFACE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PRO-PERTIES OF FRICTION STIR WELDING JOINT OF 2099-T83/2060-T8 DISSIMILAR Al-Li ALLOYS
LIU Fenjun1, FU Li1(), ZHANG Wenyuan1, MENG Qiang2, DONG Chunlin2, LUAN Guohong2
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Solidification, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072
2 Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100024
引用本文:

刘奋军, 傅莉, 张纹源, 孟强, 董春林, 栾国红. 2099-T83/2060-T8异质Al-Li合金搅拌摩擦焊搭接界面结构与力学性能[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(3): 281-288.
Fenjun LIU, Li FU, Wenyuan ZHANG, Qiang MENG, Chunlin DONG, Guohong LUAN. INTERFACE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PRO-PERTIES OF FRICTION STIR WELDING JOINT OF 2099-T83/2060-T8 DISSIMILAR Al-Li ALLOYS[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(3): 281-288.

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摘要: 

采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)对厚度为2 mm的2099-T83与2060-T8 Al-Li合金进行搭接. 利用OM和SEM等分析技术探讨搅拌头转速和搅拌针长度对搭接接头界面结构与力学性能的影响. 结果表明, 2099-T83/2060-T8搭接接头焊缝区可观察到明显的结合界面, 焊缝区显微硬度低于母材, 且在热机影响区与焊核区的过渡区硬度最低. 当搅拌头转速由600 r/min增加到800 r/min, 且搅拌针长度由3.0 mm减小至2.5 mm时, 界面形貌由光滑界面转变成“锯齿状”咬合界面, 焊缝区结合界面形貌主要受搅拌针长度影响, “锯齿状”咬合界面搭接接头平均破坏载荷为654 N. 搭接接头均在底部母材2060-T8侧热机影响区与焊核区的过渡区断裂, 断裂特征为韧-脆混合断裂. “锯齿状”咬合界面搭接接头经150 ℃, 保温20 h人工时效处理后, 焊缝区显微硬度有所提升, 接头承载能力较未经人工时效处理的降低了20%, 断口呈现脆性断裂模式.

关键词 2099-T83 Al-Li合金2060-T8 Al-Li合金搅拌摩擦焊接人工时效处理界面形貌接头强度    
Abstract

Al-Li alloys are widely applied in aircraft structures owing to their unique properties, such as low density, high strength and stiffness, outstanding low temperature performance, corrosion resistance and superplasticity. 2099-T83 and 2060-T8 are two new Al-Li alloys which have great potential to fabricate the fuselage panels of aircraft. The application of traditional fusion welding on joining Al-Li alloys is limited by cavity, high thermal stress, high thermal strain and low joint strength produced during melting and solidification. Friction stir welding (FSW) is an innovative solid-state joining technology. Compared with traditional fusion welding, FSW is capable of achieving high-quality welded joint in similar or dissimilar high-strength aluminum alloys due to its excellent performance, such as low energy consumption, low stress and strain, fewer metallurgical defects and distortion under reasonable processing parameters. Weld nugget zone (WNZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and external heat affected zone (HAZ) will be produced in the FSW joint. The micromorphologies and bonding interface among WNZ, TMAZ and HAZ have a significant effect on mechanical properties of welding joint. In this work, lap joints of 2099-T83 and 2060-T8 Al-Li alloy with 2 mm thickness were achieved by FSW. The interface microstructure of joints obtained by employing different tool rotation speeds and pin lengths was characterized by OM and SEM. The results showed that the obvious bonding interface was observed in the weld zone, and the bonding interface changed from smooth to zigzag with the rotation speed raising from 600 r/min to 800 r/min and pin length decreasing from 3.0 mm to 2.5 mm. In addition, micro-hardness of the weld zone was lower than the parent metal, and the lowest micro-hardness appeared in the transition region between the thermo mechanically affected zone and the weld zone (WZ) and the results of peel tests showed that the average failure load of joint with serrated bonding interface was up to 654 N. The failure occurred in the transition zone between the TMAZ and WZ of the 2060-T8 side, and the toughness-brittleness fracture mode appeared. Furthermore, the microhardness of the weld zone improved, while the failure load of the FSW joint with serrated bonding interface decreased 20% under artificial aging treatment with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the holding time of 20 h. The brittleness fracture mode existed in this condition. The pin length had a great effect on the morphology of bonding interface and mechanical property of welded joint.

Key words2099-T83 Al-Li alloy    2060-T8 Al-Li alloy    friction stir welding    artificial aging treatment    interface morphology    joint strength
    
ZTFLH:  TG146.2  
基金资助:*陕西省重点领域科技创新团队资助项目2014KCT-12
作者简介: null

刘奋军, 男, 1982年生, 博士生

图1  搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)搭接接头的剥离实验示意图
图2  不同焊接条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW焊缝区结合界面的微观形貌
图3  不同焊接条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW焊缝区局部结合界面的微观形貌
图4  转速800 r/min, 焊速400 mm/min, 搅拌针长2.5 mm 工艺条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW人工时效处理后焊缝区结合界面的微观形貌
图5  2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW搭接接头距表面0.6 mm横截面的显微硬度分布曲线
图6  2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW搭接接头剥离破坏后的宏观形貌
图7  转速600 r/min, 搅拌针长3.0 mm工艺条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW搭接接头剥离试样断口形貌
图8  转速800 r/min, 搅拌针长2.5 mm工艺条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li合金FSW搭接接头剥离试样断口形貌
图9  转速800 r/min, 搅拌针长2.5 mm工艺条件下2099-T83/2060-T8 Al-Li 合金FSW搭接接头人工时效处理后剥离试样断口形貌
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