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Acta Metall Sin  2019, Vol. 55 Issue (6): 773-782    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00377
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Fatigue and Cycle Plastic Behavior of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Under Asymmetric Load
Jian PENG1,2(),Yi GAO1,Qiao DAI2,3,Ying WANG1,Kaishang LI1
1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Process Equipment, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
Cite this article: 

Jian PENG,Yi GAO,Qiao DAI,Ying WANG,Kaishang LI. Fatigue and Cycle Plastic Behavior of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Under Asymmetric Load. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(6): 773-782.

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Abstract  

Due to excellent mechanical property and corrosion resistance of 316L austenitic stainless steel, it is widely used in chemical industry, but its fatigue behavior under asymmetric cycle load is not well understood. In this work, the fatigue and cyclic plastic deformation behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel under asymmetric tensile-tensile cycle loading are studied, focusing on the variations of fatigue life, cycle plastic deformation and fracture mechanism with applied cycle load. The high and low stress regions can be clearly divided based on the differences of fatigue life, cyclic strain amplitude, mean strain, mean strain rate and failure strain. In the high stress region, mean strain, mean strain rate and failure strain are large, resulting in the significant cyclic plastic deformation, and the fatigue life is short. In the low stress region, the cyclic plastic deformation accumulation is limited, and the fatigue life is significantly increased. Through microstructural observations near fracture area and fracture surface analyses, the differences between large stress region and low stress region can be found. In the high stress region, a large number of voids are generated near the fracture surface, and the fracture surface is mainly featured by dimples. In contrast, in the low stress region, the fatigue crack is found near the fracture surface, and its propagation direction is perpendicular to the loading direction. The fatigue crack initiation site, the fatigue crack propagation zone, transition zone and rapid fracture zone are found on the fracture surface. Results of fracture mechanism analyses suggest that, the high stress region of 316L austenitic stainless steel is the cyclic plastic deformation dominant region, and the failure mechanism is the ductile failure caused by the accumulation of cyclic plastic deformation; while the low stress region is the fatigue dominant zone, and the failure mechanism is the fatigue crack propagation failure.

Key words:  316L austenitic stainless steel      fatigue      cyclic plastic deformation      failure mode     
Received:  16 August 2018     
ZTFLH:  TG111.8  
Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51805230);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51505041);Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.16KJB460002)

URL: 

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00377     OR     https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2019/V55/I6/773

No.σa / MPaσmax / MPaσmin / MPaNf / cyc
1270.0060060.0314
2-R1261.0058058.0424
2-R2261.0058058.0622
2-R3261.0058058.0664
3-R1256.5057057.0586
3-R2256.5057057.06404
3-R3256.5057057.04664
4-R1252.0056056.026524
4-R2252.0056056.017204
4-R3252.0056056.023864
5247.5055055.034606
6236.2552552.550424
7225.0050050.055759
8213.7547547.589548
9202.5045045.093578
10191.2542542.5124136
Table 1  Fatigue experimental scheme and fatigue life of 316L austenitic stainless steel (stress ratio R=0.1)
Fig.1  OM image of 316L austenitic stainless steel
Fig.2  Relationship between cyclic strain amplitude and cyclic number (N) of 316L austenitic stainless steel (Inset shows the strain amplitude evolution above 570 MPa)
Fig.3  Evolutions of mean strain with cyclic number at different cycle loads of 316L austenitic stainless steel (Inset shows the mean strain evolution above 570 MPa)
Fig.4  Evolutions of mean strain and mean strain rate with cyclic number
Fig.5  Relationship of failure mean strain and mean strain rate at half-life cycle with maximum cyclic stress
Fig.6  Schematics of step fatigue loading
Fig.7  Evolution of the cyclic strain amplitude for step fatigue experiments
Fig.8  Evolution of the mean strain for step fatigue experiments(a) σmax increases, while σm=308 MPa(b) σm increases, while σmax=560 MPa
Fig.9  Maximum stress-fatigue life curve of 316L austenitic stainless steel
Fig.10  OM image of fracture surface in the high stress region at σmax=580 MPa
Fig.11  Low (a) and locally high (b, c) magnified OM images of fracture surface in the low stress region at σmax=525 MPa
Fig.12  Low (a) and locally high (b, c) magnified fracture SEM images in the high stress region at σmax=580 MPa
Fig.13  Fracture SEM images in the low stress region at σmax=525 MPa
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