Advances in Interface of Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated via In Situ Reaction: A Review

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00291

Acta Metall Sin

2026, Vol. 62

Issue (5): 923-940 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00291

Overview

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Advances in Interface of Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated via In Situ Reaction: A Review

ZHAO Naiqin(

), WANG Zhenbo, RONG Xudong, ZHAO Dongdong, HE Chunnian

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China

Cite this article:

ZHAO Naiqin, WANG Zhenbo, RONG Xudong, ZHAO Dongdong, HE Chunnian. Advances in Interface of Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated via In Situ Reaction: A Review. Acta Metall Sin, 2026, 62(5): 923-940.

Download:

HTML

PDF(4963KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) can be widely employed across fields such as aerospace and transportation owing to their high-specific strength and modulus as well as excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. In situ reaction technology enables the formation of thermodynamically stable reinforcements within the Al matrix, resulting in clean interfaces and strong interfacial bonding that considerably enhance the overall mechanical properties of AMCs. Consequently, this technology has emerged as a pivotal approach for fabricating high-performance AMCs. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the design principles, interface optimization, and performance regulation of powder metallurgy AMCs fabricated via in situ reactions, thereby promoting the development of a new generation of high-performance AMCs. Specifically, the reaction mechanisms as well as reinforcement types and characteristics in various in situ reaction systems developed via powder metallurgy are systematically investigated. In addition, the interfacial microstructure characteristics between in situ reinforcements and the Al matrix are examined, with particular emphasis on the influence of crystallographic orientation relationships on interfacial properties. Moreover, research progress in optimizing interfacial bonding via modification strategies is discussed, and the influence of interfacial structure on the mechanical properties of AMCs is summarized along with an outlook on future development directions.

Key words: aluminum matrix composites powder metallurgy in situ reaction interface structure strengthening and toughening mechanism

Received: 28 September 2025

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20546);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025015);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52130105);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52422103);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201162);Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(22JCZDJC00020);Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(24JCQNJC00150)

Corresponding Authors: ZHAO Naiqin, professor, Tel: (022)85356661, E-mail: nqzhao@tju.edu.cn

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	ZHAO Naiqin
	WANG Zhenbo
	RONG Xudong
	ZHAO Dongdong
	HE Chunnian

URL:

https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2025.00291 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2026/V62/I5/923

Fig.1 Microstructures of CNT/Al composites and RGO/Al composites based on interfacial in situ reactions (CNT—carbon nanotube, RGO—reduced graphene oxide)
(a, b) TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of the interface of CNT/Al composite^[34]
(c-f) TEM images of the inner walls of deformed MWCNTs and HRTEM image of the interface of MWCNT/Al composite^[35] (MWCNT—multi-walled carbon nanotube. White arrows in Fig.1c show the individually dispersed MWCNTs in the Al matrix; yellow arrows in Fig.1d indicate the inner-wall regularities in deformed MWCNTs during processing. Inset in Fig.1e is the SAED pattern of formed Al₄C₃)
(g-i) TEM (g) and HRTEM (h, i) images of the interface of RGO/Al composite^[37]

Fig.2 Preparation process schematics and microstructures of the in situ synthesized CNT/Al composites and graphene nanosheets (GNPs)/Al composites by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology
(a) preparation process schematic of CNT/Al composites^[40]
(b, c) TEM images of in situ synthesized CNTs (b) and CNT/Al composite (c)^[40] (Inset in Fig.2b shows the magnified image of CNT)
(d) preparation process schematic of GNPs/Al composites^[43]
(e, f) TEM images of in situ synthesized GNPs/Al composite powders (e) and CNT/Al composite (f)^[43] (Inset in Fig.2e is the SAED pattern of the red solid box; and inset in Fig.2f is the SAED pattern of the blue solid box)

Fig.3 Microstructures of CuO/Al composite, B₂O₃/Al composite, and TiO₂/Al composite (a, b) distributions of Al₂O₃ (a) and Al-Cu intermetallic compounds formed in CuO/Al composite (b)^[55] (c-h) TEM (c, e, g) and HRTEM (d, f, h) images of secondary phases in the CuO/Al composite^[56] (Insets in Figs.3d-f are corresponding fast Fourier transform (FFT)) (i, j) SEM images showing the distributions of Al₂O₃ and AlB₂ in the B₂O₃/Al composites with different magnificaitons^[57] (k-n) TEM images of Al₃Ti (k, l), Al-Al₃Ti interface (m), and Al₂O₃ (n) in the TiO₂/Al composite^[58] (Insets in Figs.3k and n are corresponding SAED patterns)

Fig.4 Microstructures of La₂O₃/Al composite, CeO₂/Al composite, B₄C/Al composite, and (B₄C + Al₂O₃)/Al composite
(a-c) TEM image (a), EDS mapping (area B in Fig.4a) (b), and HRTEM image (position C in Fig.4b) (c) of the La₂O₃/Al composite^[59]
(d) a ring of amorphous Al₂O₃ (am-Al₂O₃) wrapped around unreacted CeO₂ particles with corresponding FFT (inset)^[60]
(e) a ring of am-Al₂O₃ wrapped around a nano-Al₁₁Ce₃ particle and isolated dispersed am-Al₂O₃^[60]
(f) am-Al₂O₃ network at the grain boundary in B₄C/Al composite^[61]
(g, h) am-Al₂O₃ at grain boundaries (g) and intragranular distribution (h) in the (B₄C + Al₂O₃)/Al composite^[62]

Table 1 Main in situ reaction system, preparation methods, characteristics, and application fields involved in powder metallurgy Al matrix composites (AMCs) fabricated via in situ reaction^{[34,35,40,43,54,55,59,60,64-66]}

Fig.5 TEM images of the interfaces of in situ reaction AMCs fabricated by solid-phase diffusion strategy
(a-f) HRTEM images of MgAl₂O₄ interface (a-d) and MgAlB₄/Al interface (e, f)^[77]
(g) HRTEM image of the Al₂O₃/Al interface with corresponding FFT (inset)^[54]
(h) stereographic projection on (2

2 ¯

0) plane, [112] zone axis of Al (marked by red) and (311) plane, [0

1 ¯

1] zone axis of Al₂O₃ (marked by yellow)^[54]
(i) “Al₂O₃-intermixing region-Al” interface structure with corresponding FFT and inverse FFT (IFFT)^[54]

Fig.6 Microstructures of AMCs fabricated by interface decoration strategy
(a-f) STEM image of GNPs-Cu nanoplatelets (NPLs) (a), HRTEM image of GNPs-Cu hybrid structure (b), STEM image of GNPs-Cu/Al composite powders (c), and HRTEM image and corresponding FFT and IFFT of the marked box region at the interface between GNPs-Cu NPL and Al matrix (d-f)^[90] (BF—bright field)
(g, h) TEM images of as-synthesized Cu₂O@CNTs powders (Inset in Fig.6g is the related image of Cu₂O@CNTs powders dispersed in ethanol; insets in Fig.6h are corresponding EDS mapping and FFT image)^[91]
(i) typical HAADF-STEM image of the Cu₂O@CNTs/Al composite (Inset shows the O element distribution)^[91]
(j-l) TEM image of CNTs-Al interface (j) and magnified images of the frames I (k) and II (l) recorded in Fig.6j (Inset in Fig.6l shows the statistical result of the diameter of CuAl₂ precipitates (indicated by white arrows in Fig.6j))^[91]

Fig.7 Crack propagation of CuO/Al composites and BNNS/Al composite
(a-c) fracture behaviors of the in situ CuO/Al composite (a, b) and the ex-Al₂O₃/Al-5.6Cu composite (c)^[54] (GB—grain boundary)
(d-k) fracture behaviors of the 750 ^oC-BNNS/Al composite (d-g) and 600 ^oC-BNNS/Al composite (h-k)^[74] (BNNS—boron nitride nanosheet, t—time)

[1]	Han T L, Liu E Z, Li J J, et al. A bottom-up strategy toward metal nano-particles modified graphene nanoplates for fabricating aluminum matrix composites and interface study [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 46: 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2019.09.045
[2]	Gao Q, Wu S S, Lü S L, et al. Preparation of in-situ 5 vol% TiB₂ particulate reinforced Al-4.5Cu alloy matrix composites assisted by improved mechanical stirring process [J]. Mater. Des., 2016, 94: 79 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.023
[3]	Bai X R, Xie H N, Zhang X, et al. Heat-resistant super-dispersed oxide strengthened aluminium alloys [J]. Nat. Mater., 2024, 23: 747 doi: 10.1038/s41563-024-01884-2
[4]	Yang L Z, Han T L, Zhang X, et al. Cu atoms-assisted rapid fabrication of graphene/Al composites with tailored strain-delocalization effect by spark plasma sintering [J]. Mater. Res. Lett., 2022, 10: 567 doi: 10.1080/21663831.2022.2066484
[5]	Yang L Z, Pu B W, Zhang X, et al. Manipulating mechanical properties of graphene/Al composites by an in-situ synthesized hybrid reinforcement strategy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 123: 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.12.072
[6]	He H Y, Fan G L, Saba F, et al. Enhanced distribution and mechanical properties of high content nanoparticles reinforced metal matrix composite prepared by flake dispersion [J]. Composites, 2023, 252B: 110514
[7]	Chen J J, Han Y F, Li S P, et al. Evading the strength and ductility trade-off dilemma in titanium matrix composites through designing bimodal grains and micro-nano reinforcements [J]. Scr. Mater., 2023, 235: 115625 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2023.115625
[8]	Yang S K, Zhang X, Zhao D D, et al. Progress on the creep resistance of aluminum matrix composites at high temperatures [J]. Foundry Technol., 2023, 44: 706
	杨寿奎, 张翔, 赵冬冬等. 铝基复合材料的高温蠕变性能研究进展 [J]. 铸造技术, 2023, 44: 706
[9]	Chen B, Shen J, Ye X, et al. Length effect of carbon nanotubes on the strengthening mechanisms in metal matrix composites [J]. Acta Mater., 2017, 140: 317 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.08.048
[10]	Chen X F, Rong X D, Zhao D D, et al. Regulating microstructure of Al matrix composites with nanocarbon architecture design towards prominent strength-ductility combination [J]. Scr. Mater., 2023, 222: 115037 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.115037
[11]	Rong X D, Chen X F, Zhao D D, et al. Effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al matrix composite reinforced by in-situ intragranular Al₂O₃ [J]. Mater. Charact., 2023, 204: 113215 doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2023.113215
[12]	Zhao Y, Lin X B, Rong X D, et al. Macro- and meso-mechanic investigations on the mechanical properties of heterostructured Al matrix composites featuring intragranular reinforcement [J]. Mater. Res. Lett., 2024, 12: 408 doi: 10.1080/21663831.2024.2340635
[13]	Li Y G, Geng J W, Wang Z P, et al. Influence of surface integrity on the fatigue performance of TiB₂/Al composite treated by ultrasonic deep rolling: Experiments and simulations [J]. Composites, 2024, 271B: 111160
[14]	Ren L, Gao T, Nie J F, et al. A novel core-shell TiC _x particle by modifying TiC _x with B element and the preparation of the (TiC _x + AlN)/Al composite [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2022, 894: 162448 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162448
[15]	Yang H Y, Wang Z, Chen L Y, et al. Interface formation and bonding control in high-volume-fraction (TiC + TiB₂)/Al composites and their roles in enhancing properties [J]. Composites, 2021, 209B: 108605
[16]	Zhou Y, Yu Z Y, Zhao N Q, et al. Microstructure and properties of in situ generated MgAl₂O₄ spinel whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites [J]. Mater. Des., 2013, 46: 724 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.11.022
[17]	Li J, Wang F C, Shi C S, et al. High strength-ductility synergy of MgAlB₄ whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites achieved by in situ synthesis [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, A799: 140127
[18]	Zhang X, Li S F, Pan B, et al. A novel strengthening effect of in-situ nano Al₂O₃w on CNTs reinforced aluminum matrix nanocomposites and the matched strengthening mechanisms [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 764: 279 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.006
[19]	Shu R, Jiang X S, Li J R, et al. Microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy nanocomposites hybrid reinforced with nano-carbon and in-situ Al₂O₃ [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2019, 800: 150 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.06.030
[20]	Yang H R, Bai X R, Zhao D D, et al. Harnessing laser-induced in-situ nanowhiskers for high-strength aluminum alloys via additive manufacturing [J]. Acta Mater., 2026, 308: 121987 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2026.121987
[21]	Ranjan S, Jha P K. Investigation on the thermodynamic stability of phases evolved in Al-based hybrid metal matrix composite fabricated using in-situ stir casting route [J]. J. Manuf. Process., 2023, 95: 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.03.084
[22]	Wang H, Zhang H M, Cui Z S, et al. Ductile fracture behavior of in situ TiB₂ particle reinforced 7075 aluminum matrix composite in various stress states [J]. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2023, 33: 2272 doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(23)66258-2
[23]	Wu Y S, Lin X B, Rong X D, et al. Towards understanding the microstructure-mechanical property correlations of multi-level heterogeneous-structured Al matrix composites [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2025, 209: 117 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.05.012
[24]	Rong X D, Li Y, Chen X F, et al. Plain interface strategy toward the high corrosion performance of Al matrix composites [J]. Sci. China Mater., 2023, 66: 4295 doi: 10.1007/s40843-023-2663-8
[25]	Zhang X M, Hu T, Rufner J F, et al. Metal/ceramic interface structures and segregation behavior in aluminum-based composites [J]. Acta Mater., 2015, 95: 254 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.05.021
[26]	Mao D X, Ma X T, Xie Y M, et al. In-situ solid-state deformation-driven rapid reaction towards higher strength-ductility Al-CuO composites [J]. Composites, 2024, 182A: 108174
[27]	Yu W L, Sun T Y, Guo B S. Research progress on the interface regulation and properties of carbon nanotube reinforced Al matrix composites [J]. Foundry Technol., 2023, 44: 599
	余炜琳, 孙天宇, 郭柏松. 碳纳米管增强Al基复合材料界面调控及性能研究进展 [J]. 铸造技术, 2023, 44: 599
[28]	Duan S Y, Wu C L, Gao Z, et al. Interfacial structure evolution of the growing composite precipitates in Al-Cu-Li alloys [J]. Acta Mater., 2017, 129: 352 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.03.018
[29]	Zhou W W, Yang P, Fan Y C, et al. Simultaneous enhancement of dispersion and interfacial adhesion in Al matrix composites reinforced with nanoceramic-decorated carbon nanotubes [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2021, A804: 140784
[30]	Zhang Z M, Fan G L, Tan Z Q, et al. Towards the strength-ductility synergy of Al₂O₃/Al composite through the design of roughened interface [J]. Composites, 2021, 224B: 109251
[31]	Chen J F, Yan L X, Liang S Y, et al., Remarkable improvement of mechanical properties of layered CNTs/Al composites with Cu decorated on CNTs [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2022, 901: 163404 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163404
[32]	Guo B S, Chen Y Q, Wang Z W, et al. Enhancement of strength and ductility by interfacial nano-decoration in carbon nanotube/aluminum matrix composites [J]. Carbon, 2020, 159: 201 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.12.038
[33]	Zhao N Q, Liu X H, Pu B W. Progress on multi-dimensional carbon nanomaterials reinforced aluminum matrix composites: A review [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2019, 55: 1 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00456
	赵乃勤, 刘兴海, 蒲博闻. 多维度碳纳米相增强铝基复合材料研究进展 [J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55: 1 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00456
[34]	Chen B, Shen J, Ye X, et al. Solid-state interfacial reaction and load transfer efficiency in carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced aluminum matrix composites [J]. Carbon, 2017, 114: 198 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.12.013
[35]	Zhou W W, Yamaguchi T, Kikuchi K, et al. Effectively enhanced load transfer by interfacial reactions in multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced Al matrix composites [J]. Acta Mater., 2017, 125: 369 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.022
[36]	Zhao N Q, Guo S Y, Zhang X, et al. Progress on graphene/copper composites focusing on reinforcement configuration design: A review [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2021, 57: 1087 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00120
	赵乃勤, 郭斯源, 张翔等. 基于增强相构型设计的石墨烯/Cu复合材料研究进展 [J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57: 1087 doi: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00120
[37]	Li P B, Chen L Y, Cao B, et al. Hierarchical microstructure architecture: A roadmap towards strengthening and toughening reduced graphene oxide/2024Al matrix composites synthesized by flake powder thixoforming [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2020, 823: 153815 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.153815
[38]	Han T L, Wang F C, Li J J, et al. Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of Al matrix composites through the introduction of intragranular nano-sized graphene nanoplates [J]. Composites, 2021, 212B: 108700
[39]	Kwon H, Estili M, Takagi K, et al. Combination of hot extrusion and spark plasma sintering for producing carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites [J]. Carbon, 2009, 47: 570 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.10.041
[40]	Yang X D, Liu E Z, Shi C S, et al. Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced Al composites with well-balanced strength and ductility [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 563: 216 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.02.066
[41]	Zhao N Q, Wang J, Shi C S, et al. Chemical vapor deposition synthesis of carbon nanospheres over Fe-based glassy alloy particles [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 617: 816 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.072
[42]	Sun F J, Shi C S, Rhee K Y, et al. In situ synthesis of CNTs in Mg powder at low temperature for fabricating reinforced Mg composites [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 551: 496 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.11.053
[43]	Liu X H, Li J J, Sha J W, et al. In-situ synthesis of graphene nanosheets coated copper for preparing reinforced aluminum matrix composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A709: 65
[44]	Chen Y K, Zhang X, Liu E Z, et al. Fabrication of three-dimensional graphene/Cu composite by in-situ CVD and its strengthening mechanism [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2016, 688: 69
[45]	Lin X B, Rong X D, Pu B W, et al. Gaining strength-ductility combination in Al matrix composites with in-situ synthesized three-dimensional nanocarbon network [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2024, 970: 172542 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172542
[46]	Liu G, Zhao N Q, Shi C S, et al. In-situ synthesis of graphene decorated with nickel nanoparticles for fabricating reinforced 6061Al matrix composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, A699: 185
[47]	Hu J N, Zhang J, Luo G Q, et al. Effectively enhanced strength by interfacial reactions in in-situ carbon reinforced Al matrix composites [J]. Vacuum, 2021, 188: 110148 doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2021.110148
[48]	He C N, Zhao N Q, Shi C S, et al. An approach to obtaining homogeneously dispersed carbon nanotubes in Al powders for preparing reinforced Al-matrix composites [J]. Adv. Mater., 2007, 19: 1128 doi: 10.1002/adma.v19:8
[49]	Huet B, Raskin J P. Role of Cu foil in-situ annealing in controlling the size and thickness of CVD graphene domains [J]. Carbon, 2018, 129: 270 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.12.043
[50]	Li H P, Zhao N Q, Liu Y, et al. Fabrication and properties of carbon nanotubes reinforced Fe/hydroxyapatite composites by in situ chemical vapor deposition [J]. Composites, 2008, 39A: 1128
[51]	Jia L J, Rong X D, Zhao D D, et al. Microstructural characteristic and mechanical properties of the in-situ MgAl₂O₄ reinforced Al matrix composite based on Al-Mg-ZnO system [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2022, 891: 161991 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161991
[52]	Wang S, Lin X B, Rong X D, et al. The role of Mg content in regulating microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Mg-ZnO composites fabricated via in-situ reaction sintering [J]. Composites, 2024, 281B: 111565
[53]	Rong X D, Zhao D D, He C N, et al. Review: Recent progress in aluminum matrix composites reinforced by in situ oxide ceramics [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2024, 59: 9657 doi: 10.1007/s10853-023-09120-z
[54]	Rong X D, Zhang X, Zhao D D, et al. In-situ Al₂O₃-Al interface contribution towards the strength-ductility synergy of Al-CuO composite fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering [J]. Scr. Mater., 2021, 198: 113825 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113825
[55]	Rong X D, Zhao D D, He C N, et al. Revealing the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of Al-CuO composite fabricated via in-situ solid-state reaction [J]. Acta Mater., 2021, 204: 116524 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2020.116524
[56]	Rong X D, Zhao D D, Chen X F, et al. Towards the work hardening and strain delocalization achieved via in-situ intragranular reinforcement in Al-CuO composite [J]. Acta Mater., 2023, 256: 119110 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119110
[57]	Gao T, Liu L Y, Liu G L, et al. In-situ synthesis of an Al-based composite reinforced with nanometric γ-Al₂O₃ and submicron AlB₂ particles [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2022, 920: 165985 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165985
[58]	Chao Z L, Zhang L C, Jiang L T, et al. Design, microstructure and high temperature properties of in-situ Al₃Ti and nano-Al₂O₃ reinforced 2024Al matrix composites from Al-TiO₂ system [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2019, 775: 290 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.09.376
[59]	Zhou C, Lv M, Zan Y N, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites produced by Al-La₂O₃ in-situ reaction [J]. Mater. Charact., 2022, 188: 111887 doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2022.111887
[60]	Liu Y, Hu H J, Shi Y H, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al matrix composites produced by Al-CeO₂ in-situ reaction [J]. Mater. Charact., 2025, 228: 115373 doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115373
[61]	Feng S Y, Li Q L, Liu W, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-B₄C composite at elevated temperature strengthened with in situ Al₂O₃ network [J]. Rare Met., 2020, 39: 671 doi: 10.1007/s12598-019-01279-2
[62]	Zan Y N, Zhou Y T, Zhao H, et al. Enhancing high-temperature strength of (B₄C + Al₂O₃)/Al designed for neutron absorbing materials by constructing lamellar structure [J]. Composites, 2020, 183B: 107674
[63]	Zhu H G, Guo G H, Cui T, et al. Influences of carbon additions on reaction mechanisms and tensile properties of Al-based composites synthesized in-situ by Al-SiO₂ powder system [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2015, A623: 78
[64]	Gao Y Y, Qiu F, Liu T S, et al. Effects of carbon source on TiC particles' distribution, tensile, and abrasive wear properties of in situ TiC/Al-Cu nanocomposites prepared in the Al-Ti-C system [J]. Nanomaterials, 2018, 8: 610 doi: 10.3390/nano8080610
[65]	Zhang X, Hu J Y, Dong B X, et al. Effect of Cu and Zn elements on morphology of ceramic particles and interfacial bonding in TiB₂/Al composites [J]. Ceram. Int., 2022, 48: 25894 doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.05.266
[66]	Zhang X, Li X, Wang J, et al. Synthesis mechanism and interface contribution towards the strengthening effect of in-situ Ti₅Si₃ reinforced Al matrix composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2024, A918: 147427
[67]	Ma L S, Zhang X, Duan Y H, et al. Achieving exceptional high-temperature resistant Al matrix composites via two-dimensional BN pinning grain rotation [J]. Composites, 2023, 253B: 110570
[68]	Li M Q, Wang S K, Wang Q H, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of MoAlB particles reinforced Al matrix composites by interface modification with in situ formed Al₁₂Mo [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2020, 823: 153813 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.153813
[69]	Wang F C, Li J J, Shi C S, et al. In-situ synthesis of MgAlB₄ whiskers as a promising reinforcement for aluminum matrix composites [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2019, A764: 138229
[70]	Ding Y P, Wang H T, Mao D X, et al. Enhanced strength and toughness of CNTs/Al composites via in-situ interface engineering with nanoscale tungsten [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2025, A945: 149062
[71]	Zhou W W, Zhou Z X, Dong M Q, et al. Enhanced interfacial strength in carbon-nanotubes-reinforced Al matrix composites via an interface substitution strategy [J]. Composites, 2025, 195A: 108955
[72]	Zhang Z, Zhang C S, Chen L, et al. Regulating interface structure and shear performance of extruded NiTi fiber reinforced Al-based composites via heat treatments [J]. Composites, 2025, 305B: 112741
[73]	Chen X F, Qian F, Bai X R, et al. Formation of the orientation relationship-dependent interfacial carbide in Al matrix composite affected by architectured carbon nanotube [J]. Acta Mater., 2022, 228: 117758 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2022.117758
[74]	Ma L S, Zhang X, Duan Y H, et al. Constructing the coherent transition interface structure for enhancing strength and ductility of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets/Al composites [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 145: 235 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.10.058
[75]	Sun J P, Xiu Z Y, Meng Y X, et al. Microstructure and mech-anical properties of graphene nanoplatelets/Al composites with polysilazane-modulated interlocked interface [J]. Carbon, 2025, 243: 120586 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120586
[76]	Yang X, Yang D, Huang H, et al. Root inspired in situ interlocked interface for strength and ductility combination of refractory high-entropy alloys/Ni composites by activated sintering [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2025, A939: 148500
[77]	Wang F C, Li J J, Shi C S, et al. Orientation relationships and interface structure in MgAl₂O₄ and MgAlB₄ co-reinforced Al matrix composites [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11: 42790 doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b14923
[78]	Zhang T Y, Wu Y W, Ju S H. Improving thermal expansion coefficients and mechanical properties of interconnect copper by doping Al₂O₃ nanoparticles: Insights from atomistic simulations [J]. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2025, 27: 5604 doi: 10.1039/D4CP03224A
[79]	Luo W, Xue T, Zuo D, et al. Formation and strengthening mechanism of kink bands in an ultra-coarse-grained Fe-Cr-Al alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 186: 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.11.017
[80]	Zhang X, Shi C S, Liu E Z, et al. Effect of interface structure on the mechanical properties of graphene nanosheets reinforced copper matrix composites [J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10: 37586 doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b09799
[81]	Zhou G W. TEM investigation of interfaces during cuprous island growth [J]. Acta Mater., 2009, 57: 4432 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.06.005
[82]	Yang A C, Ma L S, Duan Y H, et al. Interfacial modification enhancing corrosion resistance of boron nitride nanosheets/Al matrix composites [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2026, 240: 98 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.02.090
[83]	Rong X D, Li Y, Chen X F, et al. Achieving high mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg matrix composites via regulating intragranular reinforcements [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 153: 1 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.12.066
[84]	Pu B W, Rong X D, Ma L S, et al. Effect of MgO particles with in-situ graphene coating on mechanical and thermal expansion properties of aluminum matrix composites [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2023, 968: 172022 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172022
[85]	Wu C D, Zhang J, Luo G Q, et al. Interfacial segregation and precipitates behavior in the ultrafine grained Al-based metal matrix composites [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2019, 770: 625 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.183
[86]	Chen L W, Zhao Y H, Jing J H, et al. Microstructural evolution in graphene nanoplatelets reinforced magnesium matrix composites fabricated through thixomolding process [J]. J. Alloys Compd., 2023, 940: 168824 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.168824
[87]	Shin S E, Ko Y J, Bae D H. Mechanical and thermal properties of nanocarbon-reinforced aluminum matrix composites at elevated temperatures [J]. Composites, 2016, 106B: 66
[88]	Chandran P, Sirimuvva T, Nayan N, et al. Effect of carbon nanotube dispersion on mechanical properties of aluminum-silicon alloy matrix composites [J]. J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2014, 23: 1028 doi: 10.1007/s11665-013-0835-1
[89]	Zhu L, Ma L S, Zhao D D, et al. Contribution of robust transitional interface featuring Mg segregation to the strength-ductility synergy of boron nitride nanosheets/Al composite [J]. Compos. Commun., 2024, 48: 101908 doi: 10.1016/j.coco.2024.101908
[90]	Pu B W, Zhang X, Chen X F, et al. Exceptional mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites with heterogeneous structure induced by in-situ graphene nanosheet-Cu hybrids [J]. Composites, 2022, 234B: 109731
[91]	Rong X D, Chen X F, Zhao D D, et al. High mechanical strengthened CNTs/Al composite concepts with robust interface and intragranular reinforcement achieved via interfacial thermite reaction [J]. Composites, 2023, 173A: 107630
[92]	Ju B Y, Yang W S, Wu G H. Research process on interface modification and strengthening mechanism of nanocomposites [J]. Mater. China, 2020, 39: 642
	鞠渤宇, 杨文澍, 武高辉. 纳米复合材料界面调控与强化机制研究进展 [J]. 中国材料进展, 2020, 39: 642
[93]	Liu P, Hou B, Wang A Q, et al. Superior strength-plasticity synergy in a heterogeneous lamellar Ti₂AlC/TiAl composite with unique interfacial microstructure [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 159: 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.03.011
[94]	Chen X, Liu K F, Peng S W, et al. Enhanced mechanical properties of the surface-modified CNTs reinforced 2195 aluminum-based composite [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2025, A922: 147623
[95]	Bagchi S, Ke C H, Chew H B. Oxidation effect on the shear strength of graphene on aluminum and titanium surfaces [J]. Phys. Rev., 2018, 98B: 174106
[96]	Zhou W W, Mikulova P, Fan Y C, et al. Interfacial reaction induced efficient load transfer in few-layer graphene reinforced Al matrix composites for high-performance conductor [J]. Composites, 2019, 167B: 93
[97]	Li A B, Wang G S, Zhang X X, et al. Enhanced combination of strength and ductility in ultrafine-grained aluminum composites reinforced with high content intragranular nanoparticles [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2019, A745: 10
[98]	Li Q, Qiu F, Dong B X, et al. Fabrication, microstructure refinement and strengthening mechanisms of nanosized SiC_P/Al composites assisted ultrasonic vibration [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, A735: 310
[99]	Yang L Z, Zhou B Z, Ma L S, et al. Architectured interfacial interlocking structure for enhancing mechanical properties of Al matrix composites reinforced with graphene nanosheets [J]. Carbon, 2021, 183: 685 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.07.034
[100]	Pan A Q, Wang W Y, Xie J P, et al. Molecular dynamics simulations of interface structure and deformation mechanisms in metal/ceramic composites under tension [J]. Mech. Mater., 2023, 184: 104688 doi: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2023.104688

[1]	OUYANG Qiubao, SU Nan, WANG Ruian, LIU Kan, ZHANG Di. Research Progress on Cross-Scale Synergistically Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites[J]. 金属学报, 2026, 62(5): 733-742.
[2]	WU Zhiyong, SHAO Huifan, CAI Changchun, ZENG Min, WANG Zhenjun, WANG Yanli, CHEN Lei, XIONG Bowen. Tensile and Fracture Behaviors of Stitched Twill Carbon Fabric Structure Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperature[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(9): 1387-1402.
[3]	LI Xinyu, BAI Jiaming, ZHANG Haopeng, LI Xiaokun, JIA Jian, LIU Changsheng, LIU Jiantao, ZHANG Yiwen. Creep Behavior of Advanced Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based Superalloys FGH4108 Under Different Stress Conditions[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(5): 757-769.
[4]	ZHANG Haopeng, BAI Jiaming, LI Xinyu, LI Xiaokun, JIA Jian, LIU Jiantao, ZHANG Yiwen. Effect of Hf and Ta on Creep Rupture Characteristics and Properties of Powder Metallurgy Ni-Based Superalloys[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(4): 583-596.
[5]	ZHAO Jintao, SUN Lifang, HE Zhufeng, LIU Yujie, MA Xiaobai, SHEN Yongfeng, JIA Nan. Mechanical Behavior of Cryogenic Rolling Processed High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel with High Strength and Good Toughness[J]. 金属学报, 2025, 61(12): 1884-1894.
[6]	CHEN Zhanxing, WANG Yupeng, RONG Guangfei, ZHANG Xinfang, MA Tengfei, WANG Xiaohong, XING Qiuwei, ZHU Dongdong. High-Temperature Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Micro-Nano Ti₂AlC Reinforced TiAl Composites[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(12): 1746-1754.
[7]	BAI Jiaming, LIU Jiantao, JIA Jian, ZHANG Yiwen. Creep Properties and Solute Atomic Segregation of High-W and High-Ta Type Powder Metallurgy Superalloy[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(9): 1230-1242.
[8]	XU Lei, TIAN Xiaosheng, WU Jie, LU Zhengguan, YANG Rui. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Powder Alloy Prepared by Hot Isostatic Pressing[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(5): 693-702.
[9]	LI Qian, SUN Xuan, LUO Qun, LIU Bin, WU Chengzhang, PAN Fusheng. Regulation of Hydrogen Storage Phase and Its Interface in Magnesium-Based Materials for Hydrogen Storage Performance[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(3): 349-370.
[10]	ZHU Yunpeng, QIN Jiayu, WANG Jinhui, MA Hongbin, JIN Peipeng, LI Peijie. Microstructure and Properties of AZ61 Ultra-Fine Grained Magnesium Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Milling and Powder Metallurgy Processing[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(2): 257-266.
[11]	MA Guonan, ZHU Shize, WANG Dong, XIAO Bolv, MA Zongyi. Aging Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of SiC/Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Composites[J]. 金属学报, 2023, 59(12): 1655-1664.
[12]	YANG Qinzheng, YANG Xiaoguang, HUANG Weiqing, SHI Duoqi. Propagation Behaviors of Small Cracks in Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based Superalloy FGH4096[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(5): 683-694.
[13]	ZHU Wenting, CUI Junjun, CHEN Zhenye, FENG Yang, ZHAO Yang, CHEN Liqing. Design and Performance of 690 MPa Grade Low-Carbon Microalloyed Construction Structural Steel with High Strength and Toughness[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(3): 340-352.
[14]	BI Sheng, LI Zechen, SUN Haixia, SONG Baoyong, LIU Zhenyu, XIAO Bolv, MA Zongyi. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Reinforced 7055Al Composites Fabricated by High-Energy Ball Milling and Powder Metallurgy Processing[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(1): 71-81.
[15]	HAO Zhibo, GE Changchun, LI Xinggang, TIAN Tian, JIA Chonglin. Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Based Powder Metallurgy Superalloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(8): 1133-1143.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed