<strong>316L</strong>不锈钢表面激光熔化沉积<strong>CoCrNiCu</strong>中熵合金的界面相容性

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00426

金属学报

2024, Vol. 60

Issue (9): 1213-1228 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2022.00426

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

316L不锈钢表面激光熔化沉积CoCrNiCu中熵合金的界面相容性

于云鹤¹, 谢勇¹, 陈鹏¹, 董浩凯², 侯纪新¹(

), 夏志新¹(

)

^1.苏州大学沙钢钢铁学院苏州 215137
^2.华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州 510641

Interfacial Compatibility for Laser Melting Deposition of CoCrNiCu Medium-Entropy Alloy on 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Surface

YU Yunhe¹, XIE Yong¹, CHEN Peng¹, DONG Haokai², HOU Jixin¹(

), XIA Zhixin¹(

)

^1.Shagang School of Iron and Steel, Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, China
^2.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

引用本文:

于云鹤, 谢勇, 陈鹏, 董浩凯, 侯纪新, 夏志新. 316L不锈钢表面激光熔化沉积CoCrNiCu中熵合金的界面相容性[J]. 金属学报, 2024, 60(9): 1213-1228.
Yunhe YU, Yong XIE, Peng CHEN, Haokai DONG, Jixin HOU, Zhixin XIA. Interfacial Compatibility for Laser Melting Deposition of CoCrNiCu Medium-Entropy Alloy on 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Surface[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2024, 60(9): 1213-1228.

全文: PDF(5354 KB) HTML

摘要:

异种材料界面相容性是制约结合强度的关键因素，然而其内在机制仍待完善。本工作开展了316L不锈钢表面激光熔化沉积CoCrNiCu中熵合金实验，借助SEM、STEM、EBSD、透射Kikuchi衍射(TKD)等手段对异种材料显微组织与界面特征进行表征，测试了异种材料界面力学性能，进而通过系统研究界面组织与晶体学相容性提出改善结合强度的方法。结果表明，CoCrNiCu中熵合金与316L不锈钢异种材料界面处形成了CoCrNiCuFe高熵合金全固溶过渡区，异种材料剪切强度可达324 MPa。在C元素界面配分引发奥氏体稳定性降低以及残余应力引发塑性变形的协同作用下，316L不锈钢靠近异种材料界面处的部分奥氏体晶粒发生应变诱导马氏体相变，这在促进相变诱导塑性(TRIP)效应的同时也会导致界面匹配程度降低。因此，对于物性差异较小的异种材料应保持相同晶体结构的单相匹配，通过提高界面晶体学相容性改善界面结合强度；对于物性差异较大的异种材料可借助TRIP效应设计双相结构以提高协调变形能力。

关键词 ：增材制造, 激光熔化沉积, 异种材料, 界面设计, 中熵合金, 不锈钢

Abstract：

Dissimilar materials can achieve multifunction and multiperformance coupling and have broad development prospects in areas, such as aerospace, energy, automotive, and biomedicine. The properties of dissimilar materials can be improved by enhancing the compatibility of the heterogeneous interface. Herein, a laser melting deposition experiment of CoCrNiCu medium-entropy alloy (MEA) on the surface of 316L stainless steel was carried out. The microstructure morphology and interface characteristics of the dissimilar materials were characterized using SEM, STEM, EBSD, and transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD). The interfacial mechanical properties of the dissimilar materials were tested. The methods for promoting the bonding strength of dissimilar materials were then proposed by systematically exploring the interfacial compatibility of the microstructure and crystallography. The results show that a total solution transition zone of CoCrNiCuFe, a high-entropy alloy, was formed at the interface between CoCrNiCu MEA and 316L stainless steel. The shear strength of the dissimilar material can reach 324 MPa. Through the synergistic effect of austenite stability reduction caused by C interfacial partitioning and the plastic deformation induced by residual stress, some austenite grains of 316L stainless steel near the interface of the dissimilar materials undergo strain-induced martensitic transformation. This can promote the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect to improve the strength and ductility of the dissimilar materials while reducing interface matching. Therefore, as for the dissimilar materials with small physical discrepancies, single-phase matching with the same crystal structure should be maintained to increase the interfacial bonding strength by improving the interfacial crystallography compatibility. The TRIP effect can be used to design a duplex structure to improve the process of coordinated deformation for dissimilar materials with large physical discrepancies.

Key words： additive manufacturing laser melting deposition dissimilar material interface design medium-entropy alloy stainless steel

收稿日期: 2022-10-08

ZTFLH:

TG113.12

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52071124,U2030102);先进材料教育部重点实验室开放课题项目(ADV22-12);江苏省卓越博士后计划项目

通讯作者: 夏志新，xiazhixin2000@163.com，主要从事异种金属材料增材制造研究
侯纪新，jxhou@foxmail.com，主要从事增材制造金属材料强韧化研究

Corresponding author: XIA Zhixin, professor, Tel: (0512) 67580785, E-mail: xiazhixin2000@163.com
HOU Jixin, associate professor, Tel: (0512) 67580785, E-mail: jxhou@foxmail.com

作者简介: 于云鹤，男，1994年生，博士

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图1 异种材料激光熔化沉积加工示意图和样品宏观形貌

图2 CoCrNiCu 中熵合金(MEA)/316L不锈钢异种材料的SEM像

表1 CoCrNiCu MEA与316L不锈钢的初始成分以及CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料界面不同位置化学成分的EDS测定结果 (mass fraction / %)

图3 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料的STEM分析

图4 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料的EBSD分析

图5 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料显微组织的TEM像与界面元素配分

图6 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料的显微硬度、强度和断口形貌

图7 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料的固溶体判据计算结果

表2 基于Schaeffler图计算的Ni当量(Nieq)、Cr当量(Creq)以及显微组织预测结果

图8 置换型元素与间隙型元素C的界面配分对316L不锈钢Schaeffler图显微组织的影响

图9 316L不锈钢基体上单层单道激光熔化沉积CoCrNiCu MEA的有限元建模及网格划分情况，表面激光熔化沉积试样界面附近温度场与残余热应力的有限元模拟结果

图10 垂直于CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料界面方向残余热应力的演变

图11 CoCrNiCu MEA/316L不锈钢异种材料界面匹配机制的TEM分析

图12 316L不锈钢马氏体转变组织的透射Kikuchi衍射(TKD)分析

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