原位(TiB<sub>2</sub>-TiB)/Cu复合材料组织与性能研究

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532

金属学报

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (1): 126-132 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

原位(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu复合材料组织与性能研究

任建强, 梁淑华(

), 姜伊辉, 杜翔

西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院西安 710048

Research on the Microstructure and Properties of In Situ (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu Composites

Jianqiang REN, Shuhua LIANG(

), Yihui JIANG, Xiang DU

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China

引用本文:

任建强, 梁淑华, 姜伊辉, 杜翔. 原位(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu复合材料组织与性能研究[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(1): 126-132.
Jianqiang REN, Shuhua LIANG, Yihui JIANG, Xiang DU. Research on the Microstructure and Properties of In Situ (TiB₂-TiB)/Cu Composites[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(1): 126-132.

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摘要:

采用机械合金化和热压烧结相结合的方法制备出原位TiB₂颗粒和TiB晶须混杂增强的铜基复合材料,利用XRD、OM、SEM、TEM研究了复合材料的微观组织,分析了热压烧结过程中的原位反应机理及微观组织对复合材料硬度、导电率及致密度的影响规律。结果表明：原位反应过程为Cu和Ti原始粉末在800 ℃开始反应生成Cu₃Ti中间相,在850 ℃时达到Cu₃Ti中间相的熔点并在基体中形成液相微区,然后B原子扩散至该液相微区,在继续加热过程中原位析出硼化钛增强相。TiB晶须含量相对较多的复合材料具有较高的硬度,TiB₂颗粒含量相对较多的复合材料具有较高的导电率,TiB晶须和TiB₂颗粒混杂增强的铜基复合材料则同时兼备了以上2种复合材料的性能优势,其综合性能得到优化。所得烧结态3%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu混杂增强复合材料的硬度和导电率分别达到86.6 HB和70.4% IACS。

关键词 ：铜基复合材料, 原位反应, TiB₂颗粒, TiB晶须

Abstract：

Copper matrix composites have attracted a lot of interest regarding their application as electrical materials. However, the development of copper matrix composites has suffered setbacks because of a trade-off between electrical conductivity and strength. In this work, TiB₂ particles and TiB whiskers hybrid reinforced copper matrix composites were in situ fabricated by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The microstructures of hot-pressed composites were characterized by XRD, OM, SEM and TEM. The mechanism of in situ reaction during hot pressing process and the influence of microstructures on physical properties of hot-pressed composites were analyzed. The Cu and Ti raw powders were firstly reacted at 800 ℃ by forming Cu₃Ti transient phase. Then, the Cu-Ti liquid micro-zone was formed at 850 ℃, which is higher than the melting point of Cu₃Ti phase. With the increasing of temperature further, TiB₂ particles and TiB whiskers were formed in the liquid micro-zone by the diffusion of B atoms from copper matrix. When the reinforcing phase is consisted of mainly TiB whiskers, the hardness of composites is relatively high. But the composites reinforced mainly by TiB₂ particles have a higher electrical conductivity. The combined properties of hybrid reinforced copper matrix composites were optimized due to the combination action of TiB₂ particles and TiB whisker. For the case of 3%(TiB₂-TiB)/Cu composites, the hardness and the electrical conductivity are 86.6 HB and 70.4% IACS, respectively.

Key words： copper matrix composite in situ reaction TiB₂ particle TiB whisker

收稿日期: 2017-12-11

ZTFLH:

TB311

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目Nos.U1502274、51631002和51501149,以及陕西省重点研发计划项目No.2017ZDXM-GY-028

作者简介:

作者简介任建强,男,1993年生,硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00532 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2019/V55/I1/126

表1 原位(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料原料配比

图1 烧结态(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料的XRD谱

图2 含3%增强相时烧结态铜基复合材料的SEM像

图3 3%(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料(样品No.5)的TEM明场像及SAED谱

图4 5%(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料的DSC曲线

图5 5%(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料原位反应过程中不同阶段的XRD谱

图6 5%(TiB2-TiB)/Cu复合材料原位反应不同阶段的OM像

图7 Cu-Ti-B体系原位反应过程示意图

表2 烧结态复合材料的硬度、导电率和致密度

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