金属学报  2012, Vol. 48 Issue (9): 1025-1032    DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00147

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穿孔等离子弧焊接熔池流动和传热过程的数值模拟

张涛, 武传松, 陈茂爱

山东大学材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室, 济南 250061

MODELLING FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER PHENOMENA IN KEYHOLING STAGE OF PLASMA ARC WELDING

ZHANG Tao, WU Chuansong, CHEN Maoai

Key Lab for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Materials Processing (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061

张涛 武传松 陈茂爱. 穿孔等离子弧焊接熔池流动和传热过程的数值模拟[J]. 金属学报, 2012, 48(9): 1025-1032.
, , . MODELLING FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER PHENOMENA IN KEYHOLING STAGE OF PLASMA ARC WELDING[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2012, 48(9): 1025-1032.

摘要 参考文献 相关文章 Metrics 全文: PDF(3448 KB)   摘要: 考虑熔池与小孔的耦合作用, 建立了穿孔等离子弧焊接三维瞬态熔池流体流动和传热过程的数学模型. 采用流体体积函数法追踪小孔的形状与尺寸, 利用焓--孔隙度法处理凝固熔化过程中的相变潜热以及动量损耗问题. 针对穿孔等离子弧焊接的工艺特点, 建立了随小孔深度动态调整的组合式体积热源模式. 对8 mm板厚的不锈钢工件进行了穿孔焊接工艺实验和数值模拟, 获得了等离子弧焊接过程中熔池出现、小孔形成、流场与温度场演变、工件熔透与穿孔等动态过程的基础数据, 展示了小孔穿孔前后熔池流体流动规律. 工件背面小孔形状尺寸以及焊缝横断面的数值模拟结果与实验测试结果基本吻合. 关键词 ： 熔池,  小孔,  流体流动,  传热,  等离子弧焊     Abstract：Because of its high gas velocity and heat input, plasma arc welding (PAW) can penetrate thicker workpieces with a single pass because PAW can operate in the keyhole mode. Compared with electron beam and laser beam welding, keyhole PAW is more cost effective and more tolerant of joint preparation, so that it is widely used in manufacturing structures with medium thickness. However, the keyhole establishment and sustainment during the initial stage of PAW process, i.e., the keyholing process, has a critical effect on the process stability and the weld quality. Thus, modelling and simulating of the keyholing process and its influence on fluid flow and heat transfer in keyhole PAW process is of great significance to completely understand the process mechanism. With considering the interaction between weld pool and keyhole, a three dimensional transient model of fluid flow and heat transfer in weld pool is developed for numerical analysis of keyholing process in PAW. The volume of fluid method (VOF) is used to track the keyhole shape and size. The latent heat and momentum sink due to solidifying and melting are dealt with by enthalpy-porosity technique. Considering the larger ratio of PAW weld depth to width, a combined volumetric heat source model is established, and one of its distribution parameters is adjusted dynamically with the variation of keyhole depth. The evolution of fluid flow and thermal field in weld pool, and the keyholing process are quantitatively analyzed on the stainless steel plates of thickness 8 mm. The feature of fluid flow in weld pool is revealed. The predicted keyhole size at bottom side of workpiece and fusion line at transverse cross-section of welds agree with the experimentally measured results. Key words： weld pool    keyhole    fluid flow    heat transfer    plasma arc welding 收稿日期: 2012-03-19      基金资助: 国家自然科学基金重点项目50936003和高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目20090131110023资助 作者简介: 张涛, 男, 1983年生, 博士生 服务 把本文推荐给朋友 加入引用管理器 E-mail Alert RSS 作者相关文章 武传松,WuChuan-Song Zhang Tao 陈茂爱 44.8K 链接本文: https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00147      或      https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2012/V48/I9/1025 [1] Lucas W. In: Hirata Y, Tanaka M eds., Proc 8th Int Symp on Innovations in Welding and Joining for a New Era in Manufacturing, Kyoto: Japan Welding Society, 2008: 189 [2] Irving B. Weld J, 1997; 76(1): 31 [3] Kaplan A. J Phys, 1994; 27D: 1805 [4] Colla T J, Vicanek M, Simon G. J Phys, 1994; 27D: 2035 [5] Sudnik W, Radaj D, Breitschwerd S, Erofeew W. J Phys, 2000; 33D: 662 [6] Cho J H, Na S J. 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