稀土<strong>Ce</strong>对非调质钢中硫化物特征及微观组织的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00011

金属学报

2022, Vol. 58

Issue (3): 365-374 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00011

研究论文

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稀土Ce对非调质钢中硫化物特征及微观组织的影响

刘洁¹, 徐乐¹(

), 史超², 杨少朋¹^,³, 何肖飞¹, 王毛球¹, 时捷¹

^1.钢铁研究总院特殊钢研究所北京 100081
^2.内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司包头 014033
^3.马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司技术中心马鞍山 243000

Effect of Rare Earth Ce on Sulfide Characteristics and Microstructure in Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel

LIU Jie¹, XU Le¹(

), SHI Chao², YANG Shaopeng¹^,³, HE Xiaofei¹, WANG Maoqiu¹, SHI Jie¹

^1.Institute of Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
^2.Inner Monglia North Heavy Industries Group Corp. Ltd. , Baotou 014033, China
^3.The Technology Center of Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. , Ma'anshan 243000, China

引用本文:

刘洁, 徐乐, 史超, 杨少朋, 何肖飞, 王毛球, 时捷. 稀土Ce对非调质钢中硫化物特征及微观组织的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2022, 58(3): 365-374.
Jie LIU, Le XU, Chao SHI, Shaopeng YANG, Xiaofei HE, Maoqiu WANG, Jie SHI. Effect of Rare Earth Ce on Sulfide Characteristics and Microstructure in Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2022, 58(3): 365-374.

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摘要:

通过稀土Ce微合金化手段，采用SEM、EDS和ASPEX等手段对不同Ce含量的非调质钢中的夹杂物形貌、数量和尺寸以及实验用钢的显微组织进行了表征，结合Thermo-Calc热力学软件对含Ce硫化物夹杂的形成过程进行了分析，并通过三维原子探针(3DAP)对晶界和相界面处的元素分布进行表征。结果表明，Ce在1800℃与S结合形成Ce₃S₄夹杂，1480℃转变为Ce₂S₃夹杂，1480℃以下形成Ce₂S₃为内核，Ti₄C₂S₂和MnS包覆生长的复合夹杂物；添加Ce元素的实验用钢中90%以上的夹杂物的长径比小于2.5；Ce含量为0.019% (质量分数)时，实验用钢的组织最细，平均晶粒尺寸为4.17 μm。3DAP的结果证明了Ce在晶界和相界处存在明显偏聚，阻碍了C扩散，抑制晶粒长大，另外，高温区形成的细小弥散含Ce夹杂物提供了形核质点，2者共同作用细化了非调质钢的组织。

关键词 ：稀土Ce, 非调质钢, 夹杂物, 组织细化

Abstract：

A rare-earth Ce microalloyed non-quenching and tempering steel was designed. The morphology, quantity, and size of inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel with different Ce contents were characterized by SEM, EDS, and ASPEX, as well as the metallography of the test steels. The formation process of Ce sulfide inclusion was analyzed by Thermo-Calc thermodynamic software, and the element distribution at grain boundary and phase interface was characterized by 3DAP. The results showed that Ce combined with S to form Ce₃S₄ inclusion which then transformed into Ce₂S₃ inclusion, and finally formed the composite inclusion with Ce₂S₃ as the core and Ti₄C₂S₂ and MnS as the cladding growth. The aspect ratio of more than 90% inclusions in the steel test with Ce element is less than 2.5; the microstructure of the steel was the smallest with an average grain size of 4.17 μm when the Ce content was 0.019% (mass fraction). The results of 3DAP prove that Ce segregates at the grain boundary and phase boundary, which hinder the diffusion of C and inhibit the growth of grain. In addition, the finely dispersed Ce inclusions as nucleation particles also refine the microstructure of the non-quenched and tempered steel.

Key words： rare earth Ce non-quenched and tempered steel inclusion grain refinement

收稿日期: 2021-01-06

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0300103)

作者简介: 刘洁，女，1994年生，硕士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2021.00011 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V58/I3/365

表1 实验用钢的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 实验用钢中夹杂物的组成(a) R0 (b) R1 (c) R2 (d) R3

图2 钢中复合夹杂物面扫描分析(a) (Ce, Mn)S-Ti4C2S2 (b) (Ce, Mn)S

图3 夹杂物显微组织的OM像(a) R0 (b) R1 (c) R2 (d) R3

图4 钢中夹杂物分布(a) R0 (b) R1 (c) R2 (d) R3

图5 钢中夹杂物的数量和尺寸

图6 钢中夹杂物的长径比

图7 0.027%Ce实验用钢(R3)中夹杂物聚集图

图8 实验用钢显微组织的OM像(a) R0 (b) R1 (c) R2 (d) R3

图9 实验用钢中的铁素体含量

图10 R1钢的单轴平衡性质图

图11 铈基复合夹杂物的生成过程简图

表2 实验用钢的相变点

图12 晶界和相界面处的元素分布

图13 晶界及相界面处Ce和S的元素分布(a) diagram of scanning position of α-α grain boundary (unit: nm)(b) diagram of scanning position of α-P phase boundary (unit: nm)(c) element distributions at α-α grain boundaries(d) element distributions at α-P phase boundaries

图14 复合夹杂物周围的晶内铁素体(a) SEM image of tissue(b) EDS point scanning of inclusions

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