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| Effect of Mo Content on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of CrAlMoN Coatings |
BI Jianhaonan1, ZHANG Yan2, WANG Zhenyu2( ), ZHOU Shenghao2, LIU Yongyue3, ZHANG Xiaoyan4, WANG Aiying2 |
1 College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Extreme-environmental Material Surfaces and Interfaces, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China 3 Ningbo Heli Mould Technology Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315799, China 4 Ningbo Tianzheng Mould Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315812, China |
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Cite this article:
BI Jianhaonan, ZHANG Yan, WANG Zhenyu, ZHOU Shenghao, LIU Yongyue, ZHANG Xiaoyan, WANG Aiying. Effect of Mo Content on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of CrAlMoN Coatings. Acta Metall Sin, 2025, 61(9): 1413-1424.
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Abstract CrAlN coatings have garnered significant attention in the fields of cutting tools and plastic injection molds because of their high hardness, excellent thermal stability, and superior oxidation resistance. However, their applicability under the harsh conditions of aluminum alloy die casting and hot stamping dies is curtailed by the coatings' high coefficient of friction and limited impact toughness. By adopting a multiple alloying and high-throughput approach, this study focuses on the fabrication of CrAlMoN solid solution coatings with varying Mo contents on H13 steel substrates using arc ion plating technology. The effects of Mo content on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings were thoroughly examined. Characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, and EDS were employed to analyze the phase structures, surface cross-sectional morphology, and elemental distribution of the coatings. Mechanical properties, including hardness, film-base adhesion, and toughness, were assessed using a CMS scratch tester and a nanoindentation tester. The friction properties were evaluated using a tribometer in an atmospheric environment. The findings indicate that increasing the Mo content (atomic fraction) from 0.72% to 19.47% resulted in the incorporation of Mo atoms into the (Cr, Al)N lattice, forming a typical solid solution coating with a minor presence of Mo2N crystal phases. Notably, at a Mo content of approximately 2.55%, the coatings achieved peak hardness (38.7 ± 1.3) GPa and elastic modulus (580.9 ± 11.1) GPa, along with enhanced toughness due to improved crack resistance. Tribological experiments demonstrated remarkable wear resistance at 25 oC, with a coefficient of friction (COF) ranging from 0.32 to 0.51 and wear rates of (5.90-10.88) × 10-7 mm3/(N·m). The low COF and wear rates are attributed to the formation of Magnéli-phase oxide MoO3, which facilitates low shear during friction. A further increase in the Mo content to 19.47% led to even better tribological properties, as indicated by the lowest observed COF of 0.31 and a wear rate of 5.90 × 10-7 mm3/(N·m). The microstructural analysis revealed that the accumulation of MoO3 phases during friction contributed to the coatings' tribological performance, with wear primarily resulting from the combined effects of abrasive wear and severe oxidation, accompanied by minor pitting delamination from the substrates.
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Received: 11 December 2023
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| Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171090);National Funds For Distinguished Young Scholars(52025014);Science and Technology Project of Ningbo(2022Z011);Science and Technology Project of Ningbo(2023QL049);Science and Technology Project of Ningbo(2023Z022) |
Corresponding Authors:
WANG Zhenyu, professor, Tel: (0574)86697187, E-mail: wangzy@nimte.ac.cn
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